Swiss School of Archaeology in Greece
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In Vitro Evaluation and Clinical Effects of a Regenerative Complex with Non-Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid and a High-Molecular-Weight Polynucleotide for Periorbital Treatment.
No full textSkin aging is a complex and multifactorial process influenced by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The periorbital area of the face is particularly susceptible to premature aging signs due to its delicate skin structure, and is a major concern for many individuals. While hyaluronic acid (HA)-based dermal filler products are commonly used for periorbital rejuvenation, novel approaches to effectively locally address the visible signs of aging are available. This study aimed to investigate Innovyal Regenerative Action (IRA), an injectable polynucleotide-HA (PN-HA) regenerative complex designed for periocular prejuvenation. Firstly, PN-HA was compared to other commercially available HA-based dermbooster products (Profhilo ® , Suisselle Cellbooster ® Glow, and NCTF ® 135 HA) in terms of rheological properties, in vitro antioxidant capacity, and total collagen production stimulation in human fibroblasts. Secondly, the clinical effects of the IRA PN-HA complex were evaluated in two case reports (monotherapy for periorbital prejuvenation). It was shown that the PN-HA complex outperformed its comparators in terms of relative rheological behavior (biophysical attributes normalized to polymer contents), intrinsic antioxidant activity (CUPRAC, FRAP, and ORAC assays), as well as total collagen level induction (72-h in vitro dermal fibroblast induction model). Generally, the results of this study provided mechanistic and preliminary clinical insights into the potential benefits of the IRA PN-HA complex for periocular cutaneous treatment. Overall, it was underscored that combining the structural support and regenerative properties of PN with the hydrating and volumizing effects of HA bares tangible potential for multifactorial skin quality enhancement and for periocular prejuvenation in particular
Climate change shifts risk of soil salinity and land degradation in water-scarce regions
No full textClimate change introduces significant uncertainty when assessing the risk of soil salinity in water-scarce regions. We combine a soil–water-salinity–sodicity model (SOTE) and a weather generator model (AWE-GEN) to develop a framework for studying salinity and sodicity dynamics under changing climate definitions. Using California’s San Joaquin Valley as a case study, we perform first-order sensitivity analyses for the effect of changing evapotranspiration (ET) rates, length of the rain season, and magnitude of extreme rainfall events. Higher aridity, through increased ET, shorter rainy seasons, or decreased magnitude of extreme rainfall events, drives higher salinity — with rising ET leading to the highest salinity levels. Increased ET leads to lower levels of soil hydraulic conductivity, while the opposite effect is observed when the rainfall season length is shortened and extreme rainfall events become less intense. Higher ET leads to greater unpredictability in the soil response, with the overall risk of high salinity and soil degradation increasing with ET. While the exact nature of future climate changes remains unknown, the results show a serious increase in salinity hazard for climate changes within the expected range of possibilities. The presented results are relevant for many other salt-affected regions, especially those characterized by intermittent wet–dry seasons. While the San Joaquin Valley is in a comparatively strong position to adapt to heightened salinity, other regions may struggle to maintain high food production levels under hotter and drier conditions
Le discours indirect libre dans les traductions françaises des Contes et histoires d'Andersen
No full textL’utilisation du discours indirect libre (DIL) contribue considérablement à la modernité des Contes et histoires de Hans Christian Andersen et les distingue notamment des contes de Perrault ou des Grimm. Le DIL est une forme de représentation du discours autre dépourvue à la fois de discours citant et de marqueurs typographiques qui mélange les voix des personnages et la voix narrative, créant un brouillage énonciatif, renforcé chez Andersen par une manière de raconter rappelant l’oralité des dialogues. Cela complique la traduction des DIL en français, d’autant plus que les adverbes modaux qui permettent souvent de repérer le DIL en danois ne sont faciles à traduire. Il s’agira ainsi de comparer les stratégies mises en place par les traducteurs pour rendre en français ce phénomène difficile à traduire, mais relevant pourtant d’une technique particulièrement caractéristique des contes d’Andersen.
The use of free indirect speech (FIS) makes a significant contribution to the modernity of Hans Christian Andersen’s Fairy Tales and Stories, which distinguishes them from the tales of Perrault and Grimm. FIS is a form of reported speech that lacks both reporting verbs and quotation marks. It mixes the characters’ voices with the narrative voice, creating an enunciative blurring, reinforced in Andersen’s tales by a narrative style reminiscent of the orality found in most dialogues. This complicates the translation of FIS into French, especially as the modal adverbs that often identify FIS in Danish are difficult to translate. This article aims to compare the strategies used by translators to render this difficult-to-translate technique that is particularly characteristic of Andersen’s fairy tales into French
Homeostasis and dyshomeostasis in language and violent acting out. A dialogue between neuroscience and psychoanalysis.
No full textIn this article we consider the question of homeostasis and memory from the perspectives of neuroscience and psychoanalysis. Our aim is to describe a link between homeostasis/dyshomeostasis, memory/language, and violent acting out. Our study is based on clinical observations concerning two groups of persons: those who were incarcerated for perpetrating non-premeditated murder and those who were victimized by violent trauma in their lives. The clinical findings, combined with the analysis of the relevant literature and research, demonstrate that the dyshomeostatic state, through a positive homeostasis, can drive the person to restore the balance by their usual coping mechanisms and thereby generate negative homeostasis. These acts-all violent, non-premeditated, and forms of desubjectivized acting out-stem from being outside language on account of two pathological extremes of memory, its absence or its excess. Aided by neuroscience and the results of our clinical findings, we support the practice of recalling and strengthening memory traces of trauma in psychotherapy
Multi-omics profiling reveals atypical sugar utilization and a key membrane composition regulator in Streptococcus pneumoniae
No full textThe human body comprises many different microenvironments, each with their own challenges for microorganisms to overcome in order to survive and possibly cause infection. The human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae is notoriously flexible in this regard, and can adapt to a wide range of host niches, including the nasopharynx, lungs, and cerebrospinal fluid. However, the molecular and genetic foundation of this ability remain largely uncharted. In this work, we demonstrate that niche adaptation imposes genome-wide changes on multiple levels, including gene essentiality, expression and membrane lipid composition, by using infection-mimicking growth conditions. In general, we show that gene expression and fitness profiling couple orthogonal sets of genes to environmental stimuli. For instance, import (manLMN) and catabolism (nagAB) genes are required, but not differentially expressed during growth on N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), opposite to the pattern of other amino sugar metabolism pathways. Surprisingly, we find that pneumococci do not necessarily prefer glucose over GlcNAc and that uptake of GlcNAc in absence of subsequent catabolism is toxic. Moreover, we identify a previously overlooked fatty acid saturation regulator, FasR, controlling membrane composition, rendering it important during heat stress. As nutrient availability and temperature fluctuations are distinctive facets of infection environments, these findings may inform anti-infective strategies.
© 2025. The Author(s)
Diagnostic and epidemiological landscape of anaerobic bacteria in Europe, 2020-2023 (ANAEuROBE).
No full textDespite being implicated in a wide spectrum of community- and healthcare-acquired infections, anaerobes have not yet been incorporated into systematic surveillance programs in Europe.
We conducted a multicentre retrospective observational study analysing all anaerobic strains isolated from blood cultures in 44 European Hospital Centres over a 4-y period (2020-2023). Diagnostic approach, epidemiology, and antimicrobial susceptibility according to EUCAST v. 15.0 were investigated.
Our study included 14,527 anaerobes, most of which were Gram-positive (45%) or Gram-negative (40%) bacilli. MALDI-TOF coupled to mass spectrometry was the most widely used tool for species identification (98%). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed in the vast majority of centres, using mostly gradient diffusion strip (77%) and disk diffusion (45%) methods according to EUCAST guidelines. The most prevalent species were Cutibacterium acnes (18.7%), Bacteroides fragilis (16.3%), Clostridium perfringens (5.3%), Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (4.2%), Fusobacterium nucleatum (3.5%), and Parvimonas micra (3.4%). C. acnes showed high resistance to benzylpenicillin (18%), clindamycin (39%), and imipenem (19% and 13% by MIC methods and disk diffusion, respectively). B. fragilis showed high resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanate (24%), piperacillin/tazobactam (22% and 14% by MIC methods and disk diffusion, respectively), clindamycin (22% by both MIC methods and disk diffusion), meropenem (13%), and metronidazole (10%, only by disk diffusion). A similar resistance pattern was observed in B. thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides ovatus, and Parabacteroides distasonis. C. perfringens showed high resistance to clindamycin (69% and 45% by MIC methods and disk diffusion, respectively), while benzylpenicillin and metronidazole maintained over 90% activity. F. nucleatum showed high resistance to benzylpenicillin (11%), while Fusobacterium necrophorum showed alarming rates of resistance to clindamycin (12%), meropenem (16%) and metronidazole (11%).
This study presented an up-to-date analysis of the diagnostics and epidemiology of anaerobic bacteria in Europe, providing insights for future comparative analyses and the development of antimicrobial diagnostic and management strategies, as well as the optimization of current antibiotic treatments
