Swiss School of Archaeology in Greece
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Noncoronary Sinus Pivot Implantation: A Procedural Innovation in TAVR for Aortic Regurgitation
No full textPerformance of Different Versions of Duke Criteria in Diagnosing Infective Endocarditis in Patients With Intracardiac Prosthetic Materials
No full textDiagnosing infective endocarditis (IE) is a significant challenge. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of the 2015 and 2023 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the 2023 International Society for Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases (ISCVID) Duke clinical criteria in a cohort of patients with suspected IE and intracardiac prosthetic material.
This retrospective study was conducted at 2 Swiss University Hospitals (2014-2024). The reference standard was the diagnosis of the Endocarditis Team or expert clinicians. Patients with IE (reference standard) classified as definite IE by the Duke criteria were considered true positives, while those without IE classified as rejected IE were considered true negatives.
Of the 1025 episodes with suspected IE and intracardiac prosthetic material, 537 (61%) had IE. Using the 2015 ESC, 2023 ESC, and 2023 ISCVID clinical criteria, 324 (32%), 367 (36%), and 430 (42%) episodes were classified as definite IE, respectively. The sensitivity for the 2015 Duke-ESC, 2023 Duke-ESC, and 2023 Duke-ISCVID the clinical criteria was calculated to be 56% (95% CI: 52-60%), 61% (57-65%), and 71% (67-74%), respectively, while the specificity 67% (63-71%), 56% (51-61%), and 34% (29-38%), respectively.
The 2023 ISCVID Duke clinical criteria demonstrated the highest sensitivity for diagnosing IE compared to the 2015 and 2023 ESC Duke criteria in patients with intracardiac prosthetic material. However, this was at the expense of specificity.
© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America
[Current strategies for vascular rehabilitation in peripheral artery disease]
No full textRecent international guidelines strongly recommend physical exercise as a cornerstone in the management of patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease. Optimizing the vascular rehabilitation pathway is therefore critical to maximizing functional outcomes, relieving symptoms, and improving overall patient care. This article provides an overview of the key features and specific considerations involved in implementing a vascular rehabilitation program, along with a detailed review of the latest evidence-based recommendations
Acquired and genetic drivers of C3 and C5 convertase dysregulation in C3 glomerulopathy and immunoglobulin-associated MPGN.
No full textDysregulation of the alternative pathway of complement plays a central role in the pathophysiology of C3 glomerulopathy (C3G). Various autoimmune and genetic factors targeting the alternative pathway have been associated with both C3G and primary immunoglobulin-associated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (Ig-MPGN), suggesting shared pathophysiological mechanisms. This review highlights the wide range of disease drivers identified that mainly target components or protein complexes of the alternative pathway, both in C3G and Ig-MPGN. Nephritic factors, which constitute a heterogeneous group of autoantibodies targeting the C3 or the C5 convertase, are the most common abnormalities. Monoclonal gammopathies are frequent in aging adults. They may promote complement activation and have in some cases also been found to target alternative pathway regulatory proteins. Additionally, some patients with C3G and Ig-MPGN carry rare variants in genes encoding complement activating or regulating proteins of the alternative pathway. This review provides an informative overview of pathogenetic mechanisms associated with each abnormality, acting at different steps in the complement cascade. The diversity of targets involved in the C3G pathophysiology suggests the potential benefit of therapeutical approaches tailored to the underlying disease drivers, with a pivotal impact upstream or at the level of the C3 or C5 convertase activity
From coughs to complications: the story of Chlamydia pneumoniae.
No full textChlamydia pneumoniae is an obligate intracellular bacterium and a significant cause of respiratory infections. It is associated with upper and lower respiratory tract diseases, including bronchitis and pneumonia. The pathogen employs specific virulence factors, such as the Type III Secretion System (T3SS) and Inc proteins, to invade and subvert host cell machinery during its peculiar developmental life cycle. Chronic infections have been linked to asthma and, more controversially, to atherosclerosis and neurodegenerative diseases. Diagnosis primarily relies on PCR-based molecular assays, while treatment includes macrolides, tetracyclines or fluoroquinolones. Despite its clinical relevance, research on C. pneumoniae has declined in recent years, highlighting the need for renewed scientific focus
Repeated-sprint training in hypoxia: A review with 10 years of perspective
No full textOver the past decade, numerous studies have investigated an innovative "live low-train high" approach based on the repetition of short (<30 s) "all-out" sprints with incomplete recoveries in hypoxia; the so-called Repeated-Sprint training in Hypoxia (RSH). The aims of the present review are therefore threefold. First, this study summarizes the available evidence on putative additional performance enhancement after RSH comparing to the same training in normoxia (RSN). Second, a critical analysis of underpinning mechanisms discusses how advantages can be obtained through RSH for sea-level performance enhancement. An enhanced microcirculatory vasodilation leading to improved muscle perfusion and/or oxygenation and an increase in muscular phosphocreatine content may help explain the superiority of RSH vs. RSN. Third, the present review aims to provide guidelines for coaches, athletes and scientists to apply RSH interventions with regard to the interval duration, exercise-to-rest ratio and training volume. In conclusion, this review supports repeated-sprint training in hypoxia as an efficient (but not magic) training intervention with 77% of the controlled studies reporting an additional benefit with added hypoxia, mainly for team-, combat- and racket-sports athletes but also for all other sports (e.g. endurance) that require repeated accelerations with lesser fatigue
Sentence-centric modeling of the writing process
No full textLinguistic modeling of the writing process has gained in importance in recent years. Existing models, both from a linguistic perspective focusing on syntactic analyses as used in natural language processing and from writing research, are insufficient to actually linguistically explain what authors do when writing and revising. Writing is linear in time, but writers are free to move to any point in the text produced so far whenever they want, thus producing specific parts (e.g., sentences) in a non-linear fashion. However, the final product is a linear sequence of sentences. We therefore can interpret writing texts as a sentence-driven process. In this new framework, this article proposes a model of the production of sentences during writing. This sentence-centric model builds on existing considerations of transforming sequences, bursts and revisions, and takes into account aspects of linearity and non-linearity on the sentence level. We present a working implementation (available as open source software) and show which information can be gained by the resulting analyses in a small case study
La filosofía de la naturaleza en las variantes esotéricas de la Masonería: por una visión renovada de la ecología de las relaciones Hombre-Naturaleza
No full textPre-movement sensorimotor oscillations shape the sense of agency by gating cortical connectivity.
No full textOur sense of agency, the subjective experience of controlling our actions, is a crucial component of self-awareness and motor control. It is thought to originate from the comparison between intentions and actions across broad cortical networks. However, the underlying neural mechanisms are still not fully understood. We hypothesized that oscillations in the theta-alpha range, thought to orchestrate long-range neural connectivity, may mediate sensorimotor comparisons. To test this, we manipulated the relation between intentions and actions in a tetraplegic user of a brain machine interface (BMI), decoding primary motor cortex (M1) activity to restore hand functionality. We found that the pre-movement phase of low-alpha oscillations in M1 predicted the participant's agency judgements. Further, using EEG-BMI in healthy participants, we found that pre-movement alpha oscillations in M1 and supplementary motor area (SMA) correlated with agency ratings, and with changes in their functional connectivity with parietal, temporal and prefrontal areas. These findings argue for phase-driven gating as a key mechanism for sensorimotor integration and sense of agency