Swiss School of Archaeology in Greece
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Designing a fair and inclusive digital asset-based name-image-likeness marketplace
No full textRegulatory changes have enabled American student-athletes to profit from their name, image, and likeness (NIL). However, only a fraction of the student-athlete population is actually profiting from their NIL, which raises questions concerning fairness and inclusiveness. Motivated by that scenario, we look at technological solutions capable of sharing a limited amount of financial resources fairly and inclusively. Following a design science methodology, we define design requirements for such technological solutions after interviewing student-athletes, which leads us to establish the inclusive-meritocratic fairness criterion. Subsequently, we determine design principles that artifacts aiming at helping student-athletes should satisfy. We find that a solution that satisfies the proposed design principles is to associate student-athletes with digital collectibles represented as non-fungible tokens (NFTs). The core idea behind our artifact is that student-athletes receive royalties in primary markets after NFTs are randomly minted, plus deterministic royalties in secondary markets whenever a transaction involving their collectibles happens. Interviews with student-athletes validate our design. We conclude the paper by discussing how our ideas give rise to a new NIL design theory
Les communautés temporelles du XVIe siècle face au “Moyen Âge”. Mises en présence d’un passé littéraire
No full textDeep learning [18F]-FDG-PET/CT‑based algorithm for tumor burden estimation in metastatic melanoma patients under immunotherapy
No full textArtificial intelligence is increasingly used in radiation oncology, yet its application for tumor burden (TB) estimation remains limited. This study evaluated the performance of a [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computerized tomography ([18F]-FDG-PET/CT)-based deep learning model, PET-Assisted Reporting System ("PARS", Siemens Healthineers), for lesion detection, segmentation, and TB estimation in patients with metastatic melanoma undergoing immunotherapy.
This retrospective study included 165 stage IV melanoma patients who underwent [18F]-FDG-PET/CT imaging prior to immunotherapy. Gross tumor volumes were segmented using PARS and compared with manual delineations performed by radiation oncologists. Performance was assessed through lesion detection metrics (precision and recall), individual lesion volume agreement, and overall TB estimation accuracy.
PARS demonstrated an overall recall (sensitivity) of 68.9 %, though with modest precision (46.8 %). Performance was location-dependent, with highest precision observed for lung lesions (74.0 %) and lowest for bone lesions (32.9 %). For lesions detected by both methods, PARS tended to underestimate lesion volumes by an average (median) of 0.9 cc (median relative percentage difference (MRPD) = -34.3 %), with a good agreement (intraclass correlations coefficient (ICC) = 0.77). The global TB in the whole cohort was overestimated by 28.3 %, but patient-level TB was on average (median) underestimated by 1.1 cc (MRPD = -18.4 %) with high variability with a median absolute relative percentage difference (MARPD) = 68.6 %) and poor agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.28).
PARS shows potential for treatment decision support with moderate accuracy in lesion detection and lesion volume estimation, but demonstrates significant variability in TB estimation, highlighting the need for further model refinements before clinical adoption.
© 2025 The Authors
Rock glacier velocity monitored by annual in-situ geodetic surveys: Long-term challenges, solutions and suggestions
No full textAn atypical presentation of a pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma in a 66-year-old woman, a case report
No full textPleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare astrocytic tumour, typically affecting young patients and most often located in the temporal lobe. We report an unusual case in a 66-year-old woman presenting with memory disturbance, dysphasia, headache, right-sided hemianopsia, and unilateral blindness. MRI imaging revealed a haemorrhagic, multiloculated, predominantly cystic lesion with extensive perilesional oedema in the left occipital lobe. Due to its atypical and non-specific appearance, the lesion could not be confidently diagnosed pre-operatively. Complete surgical resection was performed, and histopathology confirmed PXA, CNS WHO grade 2, with BRAF V600E mutation. The patient recovered without postoperative complications and remains disease-free at 1-year follow-up without adjuvant therapy. This case expands the known clinical and radiological spectrum of PXA, highlighting that it can occur in older patients, in uncommon locations, and with atypical imaging features. It underscores the importance of histopathological and molecular analysis for definitive diagnosis and supports gross total resection as the mainstay of treatment.
© 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington
Cross-views between the roles of the therapist and the expert in forensic psychology/psychiatry: A qualitative study
No full textForensic psychology/psychiatry seems particularly subject to ethical tensions, as it involves not only the expert-evaluee or therapist-patient relationships, but also the judicial authorities. This exploratory study aims to identify the professional roles-namely the identity and posture-of both the expert and the therapist within the medico-legal field, with a view to uncovering potential ethical tensions that may arise in the transition from one role to the other.
This exploratory qualitative study was conducted through two research focus groups: one composed of forensic psychiatry experts, and the other of clinical therapists in a Swiss university hospital. We performed a narrative and thematic analysis based on the verbatim transcripts to compare the two groups.
In therapists' discourse, patient support and guidance were central concerns. In the expert witnesses' discourse, the investigation was central. Regarding the ethical posture, therapists emphasised the importance of adjusting to their patients' situations, and the experts mainly cited the bioethical principles of beneficence, non-maleficence, equity and autonomy. The transition from the role of therapist to expert involves the relinquishment of the supportive and guiding function in favour of an investigative posture serving judicial authority, within a limited time frame.
Our study suggests that tensions may emerge when transitioning between the roles of therapists and experts, particularly concerning issues such as confidentiality, beneficence, and the principles of objectivity and neutrality. Moreover, all participants in both focus groups suggested that prior therapeutic experience was an asset for experts, particularly if they were able to relinquish any therapeutic function.
Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd
Five-year outcomes of anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty with Aequalis Perform+ posterior augmented glenoid implants in Walch B2 and B3 glenoids
No full textPosterior glenoid wear and persistent static posterior subluxation of the humeral head (SPSH) are associated with early failure of anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA). In patients with Walch B2 or B3 glenoid types, posterior augmented glenoid (PAG) implants have been reported to successfully correct SPSH on short-term follow-up. However, the medium-term and long-term clinical and radiological outcomes of PAG remain unclear.
We prospectively followed 10 consecutive patients (mean age, 67.9 ± 8.9 years; 5 females) with primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis and B2 or B3 glenoid types, who underwent aTSA with cemented keeled PAG implants (posterior augments of 15°, 25°, or 35°, Aequalis Perform+ shoulder system). Clinical outcomes were assessed using Constant and quick disabilities of arm, shoulder, and hand scores (QuickDASH). All patients underwent preoperative shoulder computed tomography (CT) scans with 3-dimensional surgical planning combined with patient-specific instrumentation at the time of surgery. Follow-up shoulder CT scans were performed at 3 months and 5 years postoperatively. Glenoid version (GV), glenoid inclination, and static humeral subluxation index (SHSI) were measured in 3-dimensional, on both preoperative and postoperative CT scans, using the same reliable quantitative method. At 5-year follow-up, we estimated the polyethylene wear of the glenoid component. The glenoid implant loosening was defined as the presence of a radiolucent line (thickness > 1.5 mm) at the glenoid bone-cement interface and/or migration (>5 mm) and/or tilt (>5°) of the glenoid component.
Five-year clinical outcomes revealed a Constant score of 78.2 ± 8.9 and a quick disabilities of arm, shoulder, and hand score of 8.4 ± 8.2. GV and SHSI significantly decreased from -17.1 ± 8.9° and 70.3 ± 5.9% preoperatively to -4.2 ± 7.7° and 55.5 ± 8.1%, respectively, at 3 months postoperatively (P < .001). At 5-year follow-up, GV and SHSI only varied by 0.9 ± 3.4° and -1.1 ± 5.5% compared to 3-month postoperative values, while glenoid inclination increased by 3.6 ± 3.0°. Five patients (50%) had CT signs of aseptic glenoid loosening. Only the preoperative Constant score differed significantly (P = .016) between patients with and without glenoid loosening.
Our 5-year evaluation revealed excellent clinical outcomes. PAG successfully corrected glenoid retroversion and SPSH over time, but there was a high rate of radiological glenoid implant loosening. Long-term comparative studies between aTSA and reverse shoulder arthroplasty are awaited to determine the optimal implant in patients with B2 and B3 glenoids.
Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Revisiting the activity standardisation of 177Lu
No full textTwo years ago, we published a paper on our laboratory's first activity standardisation of 177Lu using the β-γ coincidence technique as well as the TDCR method. The coincidence measurements we carried out with plastic scintillators for beta detection predicted activities 2 % lower and discrepant with those determined with the TDCR method. Similar discrepancies between coincidence counting with solid sources and liquid scintillation measurements had also been reported earlier elsewhere. As part of an international comparison for the measurement of the activity of this radionuclide, we revisit this problem here. A177Lu solution is standardised using the β-γ coincidence technique, with both plastic and liquid scintillation beta detection, together with the TDCR and CNET methods. Coincidence counting measurements with plastic sources, in this standardisation, explored a higher efficiency range and showed that the efficiency functions behave differently at high and low efficiencies. Extrapolating the efficiency with either a linear function in the high efficiency range, or with a non-linear curve throughout the efficiency span, yield activities that agree with liquid scintillation counting determinations, thus resolving the discrepancy observed in our first standardisation of this nuclide.
Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Ltd
ISME-incoherent sampling of multi‐echo data to minimize cardiac‐induced noise in brain maps of * 2 and magnetic susceptibility
No full textMaps of the MRI parameters R 2 * and magnetic susceptibility ( χ ) enable the investigation of microscopic tissue changes in brain disease. However, cardiac-induced signal instabilities increase the variability of brain maps of R 2 * and χ . In this study, we introduce incoherent sampling of multi-echo data (ISME)-a sampling strategy that minimizes the level of cardiac-induced instabilities in brain maps of R 2 * and χ .
ISME uses phase-encoding gradients to shift the k-space frequency of the acquired data between consecutive readouts of a multi-echo train. As a result, the multi-echo data at a given k-space index are acquired at different phases of the cardiac cycle. We compare the variability of R 2 * and χ maps acquired with ISME and with standard multi-echo trajectories in N = 10 healthy volunteers. We investigate the effect of both trajectories on the spatial aliasing of pulsating MR signals and propose a weighted least-squares approach for the estimation of R 2 * that accounts for the increase of the residuals with echo time.
ISME reduces the variability of R 2 * and χ maps across repetitions by 25%/26%/21% and 24%/32%/23% in the cerebellum/brainstem/whole brain, respectively. With ISME, the spatial aliasing of pulsating MR signals is incoherent between raw echo images, leading to visually sharper R 2 * maps. The proposed weighted least-squares approach for the estimation of R 2 * reduces the dependence of the fitting residuals on echo time and the variability of R 2 * by an additional 3%/2%/1% in the cerebellum/brainstem/whole brain.
ISME allows the mitigation of cardiac-induced signal instabilities in brain maps of R 2 * and χ , improving reproducibility.
© 2025 The Author(s). Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
