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The relationship between urban design and obesity
No full textObesity has risen progressively over the past three decades. Obesity is a major health problem in the Australia and around the world. The rising prevalence of obesity is well accepted as a global health priority. The population of the Australia is currently experiencing increased obesity problems. Increasing proportion of Australian is overweight or obese. Biological, psychological, behavioural, and social factors are unable to fully explain or limit the obesity outbreak. The design of built environment, its structure and its quality can affect the need, the desire or the opportunity for people to walk and cycle, whether as part of their daily routine, as incidental exercise or for recreation. Thus the aim of this paper is to identify the relationship between obesity and urban design. Paper will try to answer the following objectives: 1. Relationship between urban design ·and obesity and 2. Opportunities to encourage physical activity through better urban design principles Method adopted to address the aim of the paper is content analysis. Content analysis is based on the academic and professional literature. This paper concluded that poor urban design plays a partial role in rising obesity levels and therefore it is necessary for the government to develop design guideline using urban design principle to promote walking, cycling and physical activity. City managers need s to design neighbourhood in collaboration with health practitioner and community
An urban renaissance in the making-proposed transit developments along the Adelaide-Gawler Rail Corridor
No full textThis paper discusses recently released 30 Year Plan for Greater Adelaide arguing that it represents the beginning of an urban renaissance for Adelaide because of its emphasis on creating transit corridors connected by 14 TaOs and up to 20 additional transit centres. The rationale for TaOs is examined and the paper then examines the planning principles and likely development issues associated with TaOs. The 39km long Adelaide-Gawler commuter rail transit corridor is examined as an important and significant element in the Plan. The conclusions drawn are that whilst it is still to early to say whether Adelaide's TaOs and proposed transit corridors will achieve a new urban form, the level of commitment demonstrated by the South Australian State Government through funding in commuter rail of $1.5bn and a strong metropolitan strategic plan to guide development to this realisation, suggests that the Plan deserves to succeed
Theoretical enhancement of solar cell efficiency by the application of an organic 'down shifting' thin film
No full textPoor ultraviolet (UV) quantum conversion efficiency contributes to a reduction in the efficiency of silicon based photovolatic cells. In the UV, the main loss mechanism is through surface recombination of photo-generated carriers due to the shallow absorption depth of high energy photons. One method of utilising the UV region is by downshifting UV photons to lower energies where the quantum efficiency for silicon is higher. It is proposed that the organic pigment lumogen yellow S0790 (lumogen) can be used as a suitable down shifting optical thin film in conjunction with silicon based photovoltaic cells. A theoretical determination of the upper limiting efficiency enhancement which lumogen can provide single junction silicon based cells as been determined. The results show an absolute increase in efficiency of 4% over an adapted form of the Shockley Queisser detailed balance limit.
Sustainability accounting and accountability in public sector organisations
No full textThesis (PhD(PortfolioPublications))--University of South Australia, 2010.
Definition of Project Success in Reproductive Health Development Context
No full textThe reproductive health (RH) situations in developing countries are currently unstable. International and national RH authorities indicate that Thailand, one of the developing countries in Southeast Asia, has growing concerns on the increasing incidence of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases among adolescents, the future human capital of the nation. Maternal and child health still requires intimate care, especially for the poor households and in underserved areas. RH projects funded by international donors are valuable for country development. Technical assistance and supported funds accelerate the improvement of RH for the population. However, neither the assistance nor the funds will last eternally. The completion of the projects or termination of project funds before the initial RH problems can be solved is of great concern as the cease of funding may cause discontinuity of RH services in some countries where donors' funds are the main resources. RH project sustainability is a concept to be introduced to prevent discontinuity of the projects. Project sustainability can be used to guarantee long-term project success. It allows the future flow of benefits to be seen after the funding is stopped. The fundamental concept of project success has introduced project success criteria and factors. However, none of the generic criteria or factors focuses on project sustainability. To achieve reproductive health project success project sustainability must be included. This paper proposes that sustainability should become an additional success criterion for RH project success in addition to the existing conventional criteria
Security analysis of session initiation protocol : a methodology based on coloured petri nets
No full textIn recent years Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) has become a popular multimedia application over the Internet. At the same time critical security issues in VoIP have started to emerge. The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a predominant signalling protocol for VoIP. It is used to establish, maintain and terminate VoIP calls, playing a crucial role in VoIP. This paper is aimed at developing a Coloured Petri Net (CPN)-based approach to analysing security vulnerabilities in SIP, with the ultimate goal of achieving a formal and comprehensive security assessment of SIP specification, and creating a platform for evaluating countermeasures for securing SIP. In the paper we present a method for modelling the behaviour of SIP and its security threats using CPNs, and discuss suitable techniques for analysing the CPNs for investigating SIP security issues. The CPN models and the analysis techniques will then become the platform for analysing the behavior of SIP that is enhanced with proposed security countermeasures.
An evaluation of Chinese Wind Turbine Manufacturers using the enterprise niche theory
No full textWith support from the Chinese government, the Chinese wind power generation industry is experiencing rapid development. The quick growth of the wind power generation industry has promoted the development of the Chinese wind turbine manufacturing industry. Similarly, the quantity and the productivity of the local Chinese Wind Turbine Manufacturers (WTMs) have also undergone a quick and significant expansion. This is resulting in an increase in competition amongst the WTMs in China. Being relatively new, this creates a fertile environment for local Chinese WTMs that is ripe for study and analysis. Based on the niche theory of industrial ecosystem and enterprise, this paper investigates the Chinese wind turbine manufacturing industry, and proposes a wind turbine manufacturing industry ecosystem model and a WTMs’ ecological niche evaluation index system (WENEIS). Use is made of a catastrophe theory model evaluation method to evaluate the ecological niche status of the 6 main local Chinese WTMs selected and a spider diagram is established to compare the status of the different enterprises’ ecological niche. The proposed WENEIS aids WTMs in finding the competitive advantage and disadvantage factors for their development, as well as providing a valuable reference for the WTMs to improve their business environment and to formulate their competitive strategy in the future.