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GIS, sight and sound. Exploring the rock art landscapes of the Santa Teresa Canyon (Baja California Sur, Mexico) as a case study
No full textThis article explores the senses of sight and hearing in Santa Teresa Canyon, Sierra de San Francisco (Baja California, Mexico), where there is a large number of rock art sites of the Great Mural style. This rock art tradition is characterized by the presence of sizeable prehistoric murals depicting large figures. Departing from previous research in which the acoustical properties of the rock art landscape of the canyon were appraised, in this study we look at this in conjunction with visibility. Through the use of a series of tools and procedures implemented through GIS, viewsheds and soundsheds are modelled and assessed in relation to the surrounding landscape. The comparative analysis of emblematic, principal and secondary sites allows us to propose that these categories may have played a complementary role in the construction of a socialized landscape by the native communities that inhabited the Baja California peninsula.This study has been funded by several bodies: the grant Conacyt-SACPC-FINBA 2022 from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (Mexico) awarded to Natalia González Vázquez for the year 2022–23; the Palarq Foundation Project 2018 that funded the fieldwork carried out that year for which the INAH also offered in-kind resources. The Palarq Fundation also funded the project entitled “Documentation, spatial study and dissemination of the rock art of the Sierra de San Francisco, Baja California Sur, Mexico" awarded in 2020, but taken advantage of in 2023. Finally, the ERC Advanced Grant research project Artsoundscapes with the title “The Sound of Special Places: exploring rock art soundscapes and the sacred" [ERC Grant Agreement 787842] has also sponsored this research. Margarita Díaz-Andreu is the Principal Investigator for both Palarq projects and the ERC project
Diagnostic accuracy of the faecal immunochemical test and volatile organic compound analysis in detecting colorectal polyps: meta-analysis
No full textBackground: For the early detection of colorectal cancer, it is important to identify the premalignant lesions to prevent cancer development. Non-invasive testing methods such as the faecal immunochemical test are well established for the screening and triage of patients with suspected colorectal cancer but are not routinely used for polyps. Additionally, the role of volatile organic compounds has been tested for cancer detection. The aim of this review was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the faecal immunochemical test and volatile organic compounds in detecting colorectal polyps. Methods: Original articles with diagnostic test accuracy measures for both the faecal immunochemical test and volatile organic compounds for advanced adenomas were included. Four databases including Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Embase, and Web of Science were searched. The quality assessment tool for diagnostic accuracy study was used to assess the risk of bias and applicability. Meta-analysis was performed using RStudio® and the combined faecal immunochemical test-volatile organic compounds sensitivity and specificity were computed. Results: Twenty-two faecal immunochemical tests and 12 volatile organic compound-related articles were included in the systematic review whilst 18 faecal immunochemical tests and eight volatile organic compound-related studies qualified for the meta-analysis. The estimated pooled sensitivity and specificity of the faecal immunochemical test to diagnose advanced adenoma(s) were 36% (95% c.i. 30 to 41) and 89% (95% c.i. 86 to 91) respectively, with an area under the curve of 0.65, whilst volatile organic compounds pooled sensitivity and specificity was 83% (95% c.i. 70 to 91) and 76% (95% c.i. 60 to 87) respectively, with an area under the curve of 0.84. The combined faecal immunochemical test-volatile organic compounds increased the sensitivity to 89% with a specificity of 67%. Conclusion: Faecal immunochemical testing has a higher specificity but poor sensitivity for detecting advanced adenomas, while volatile organic compound analysis is more sensitive. The combination of both tests enhances the detection rate of advanced adenomas
Citizen awareness of the risks of flooding: the importance of teacher training
No full textNatural risks linked to climate change have become a priority issue for the international community. The objective of this research is to evaluate to what extent Social Science teacher training and didactic activities to teach about floods are adequate to meet the challenge based on the social representation of teachers in training and active Social Sciences teachers. Data were obtained through a mixed questionnaire from a sample of undergraduate and postgraduate trainee teachers from several Spanish universities, and practicing secondary education teachers (N = 784) (between 2018-19 and 2022-23). The results reveal little or no training of the participants on climate change, natural disasters and floods throughout their careers, with the exception of postgraduate students who graduated in Geography. Likewise, there is a negative perception in relation to their training to teach these topics in the classroom, a limited diversity of didactic proposals and classroom strategies for their treatment in class, instead perpetuating those of a traditional and transmissive nature. In conclusion, the need to improve teacher education and training on climate change and its associated natural risks is confirmed in order to contribute to an improvement in socio-territorial resilience and the formation of an active and participatory citizen consciousness.This study was supported by the Proyecto de Generación de Conocimiento: “El conocimiento geográfico sobre España, Europa y el Mundo entre los estudiantes de ESO (COGESO)” (“Project for the Generation of Knowledge: Geographic Knowledge of Spain, Europe, and the World among Compulsory Secondary Education Students”) under project number PID2021-124390OB-I00, funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FEDER, UE and by the project of with project “INCLUCOM-Modelos curriculares y competencias histórico-geográficas del profesorado para la construcción de identidades inclusivas” (“Curricula models and historical and geographical competences of teachers for the construction of inclusive identities”) number PID2021-122519OB-I00, financed by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ and by "ERDF A way of making Europe
Severiano Sánchez Ballesta, arquitecto (1884-1943): su época y su contribución al desarrollo urbanístico de Orihuela
No full textEn esta exposición y en el presente escrito, mi intención es relatar lo que denomino "La Saga": la historia de una familia que, durante varias generaciones, se ha dedicado a la construcción
Syntactic-semantic delimitation of denominal verbs of creation
No full textEn este trabajo nos centramos en los verbos formados a partir de sustantivos que codifican un significado de creación o surgimiento de una entidad nueva con la finalidad de definir sus rasgos morfológicos, sintácticos y semánticos. El análisis de los verbos denominales de creación registrados en el diccionario académico revela que, desde el punto de vista morfológico, siguen los procedimientos habituales de formación. Semánticamente, su estudio demuestra que se pueden diferenciar dos tipos dependiendo de si la entidad creada es un objeto o un acto, aunque en cada uno se distinguen subclases según los rasgos semánticos del nombre base y la estructura sintáctico-semántica en la que se manifiesta el verbo. En lo que a la sintaxis se refiere, estos verbos dinámicos y activos aparecen habitualmente en estructuras biactanciales con posibilidad, en muchos casos, de alternancia en esquemas monoactanciales con o sin pronombre se.This paper focuses on verbs formed from nouns which encode the meaning of creation or emergence of a new entity with the aim to define their morphological, syntactic and semantic features. The analysis of denominal creation verbs incorporated in the dictionary of the Royal Academy reveals that, from a morphological point of view, they follow the usual procedures of derivation. Semantically, this study distinguishes two types depending on whether the new entity created is an object or an act; in addition, within each type, subclasses are distinguished according to the semantic features of its nominal base and the syntactic-semantic structure in which the verb occurs. As far as syntax is concerned, these dynamic and active verbs appear in two-place structures with the possibility, in many cases, of alternation with one-place frames with or without a se pronoun.Este trabajo se enmarca en el proyecto de investigación financiado por la Generalitat Valenciana “Observatorio multilingüe de la variación lingüística (OMVALING)” (CIPROM/2023/6, Línea de investigación financiada-LIF de la UA “Variación Lingüística Multilingüe”,LIF-5
A vueltas con la imputabilidad de los menores ex artículo 19 del Código Penal
No full textEl tema de la responsabilidad penal de los menores y, por ende, el de su imputabilidad, no está claro y genera muchas diferencias de opinión en la doctrina, debido a la falta de claridad del artículo 19 del Código Penal acerca de considerar a los menores de edad imputables penalmente de la comisión de delitos, así como de si cabe la consideración como penas de las medidas impuestas en este sentido conforme a la Ley Orgánica 5/2000, de 12 de enero, reguladora de la responsabilidad penal de los menores. En este sentido, continúan existiendo bastantes dudas sobre la naturaleza de la responsabilidad penal de los menores en España, bien sea penal, especial o correccional conforme a los criterios de la Teoría del delito de aplicación para el derecho penal de adultos.The issue of the criminal responsibility of minors and, therefore, their imputability, is not clear and generates many differences of opinion in the doctrine, due to the lack of clarity in article 19 of the Penal Code regarding considering minors criminally attributable to the commission of crimes, as well as whether the measures imposed in this regard can be considered as penalties in accordance with Organic Law 5/2000, of January 12, regulating the criminal responsibility of minors. In this sense, there continue to be many doubts about the nature of the criminal responsibility of minors in Spain, whether criminal, special or correctional in accordance with the criteria of the Theory of Crime applicable to adult criminal law
Effectiveness of a Training Program on the Psychological Well-Being and Self-Efficacy of Active Teachers, Controlling for Gender and Experience
No full textPsychological well-being and teacher self-efficacy are essential dimensions for ensuring effective educational performance and high-quality teaching. Fostering these competencies in educators is key to addressing the challenges associated with the current educational system. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a training program designed to enhance these two dimensions in teachers, taking gender and years of experience as covariates. The sample included 143 primary school teachers from Alicante (Spain), with an average age of 42.4 years and a mean of 14.14 years of professional experience. Of the participants, 58.3% were women and 41.7% were men. Psychological well-being was measured using Ryff’s scale, while teacher self-efficacy was assessed with Skaalvik and Skaalvik’s scale. Using an experimental design with control and experimental groups, along with pre-test and post-test evaluations, the program’s effects were analyzed through a general linear model for repeated measures. Results showed significant improvements in psychological well-being and self-efficacy in the experimental group. Although teaching experience proved to be a significant covariate, the program was effective in controlling for this effect. These findings highlight the feasibility of designing effective training interventions to strengthen teachers’ competencies.This research was funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, EU (Ref. PID2021-125279OB-I00)
Short- and long-term prediction of length of day time series using a combination of MCSSA and ARMA
No full textAccurately predicting Earth’s rotation rate, as represented by Length of Day (LOD) variations, is essential for applications such as satellite navigation, climate studies, geophysical research, and disaster prevention. However, predicting LOD is challenging due to its sensitivity to various geophysical and meteorological factors. Current methods, including statistical approaches, often struggle with short-term forecasting accuracy. In this study, we use Monte Carlo Singular Spectrum Analysis (MCSSA) to distinguish between deterministic and non-deterministic components within the LOD time series. The deterministic components are extended using the SSA prediction algorithm. To enhance robustness, we refine Allen and Smith’s methodology (testing significance of eigenmodes against an autoregressive (AR) (1) noise null hypothesis) by integrating an autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model to account for noise, providing valuable insights into the non-deterministic behaviors present in the series. We comprehensively evaluate our methodology through a comparative analysis. For long-term prediction (365 days), we compare our method against the combined LS and autoregressive (AR) method. For short-term prediction (next 10 days), we compare it against the results of the second Earth Orientation Parameters Prediction Comparison Campaign (second EOP PCC). Using the IERS 20 C04 time series, our hybrid model demonstrates a superior long-term prediction accuracy with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.201 ms/day on the 365th day. Additionally, the short-term prediction performance is comparable to the second EOP PCC results. These results illustrate that the proposed method efficiently predicts LOD, showing significant improvement in long-term accuracy and robustness in short-term forecasting.SB was partially supported by Generalitat Valenciana (SEJIGENT/2021/001), the European Union - NextGenerationEU (ZAMBRANO 21-04) and Spanish Project PID2020-119383GB-I00 funded by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/)
Post-vaccination evaluation of an erysipelas/parvovirus bivalent vaccine administered to sows during lactation on follicular development and piglet growth
No full textVaccines against Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (ER) and porcine parvovirus (PPV) are employed in sow farms worldwide. This study evaluated the impact of administering a bivalent ER/PPV vaccine during lactation. Multiparous sows (n = 83) of two different farms (A (herd size 900 sows) and B (1000 sows)) were allocated in two different groups: 1) sows inoculated with saline solution (non-vaccinated group); 2) sows inoculated with the bivalent vaccine against ER/PPV (vaccinated group). The injections were administered at ∼11 days of lactation. The study was conducted in four different experiments: the first experiment, evaluating the female genital tract (uterus and ovary) and follicle development, was performed in culled sows (n = 19) of Farm A the day after weaning (∼24 days). The remaining experiments, which examined internal temperature, offspring growth, and sow feed intake, were conducted at Farm B (n = 64). The results of follicle populations, showed a greater frequency of large follicles in non-vaccinated compared to vaccinated sows was observed (p < 0.001). The final weight of the piglets and their weight gain were higher in the non-vaccinated group (p ≤ 0.05). A statistical trend was also observed in the average weight gain of piglets. No differences were observed regarding sow´s rectal temperature between groups around the period of injection but the vaccinated group consumed less sow feed on the day of injection (p = 0.016). In conclusion, the administration of this vaccine against ER/PPV during the lactation period had a negative impact on follicle development, sow feed intake, and offspring weight gain and final weight.This study was funded by Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH with the objective of advancing animal welfare