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Role Models in Verse for the Daughters of the Catholic Monarchs
No full textLa actividad literaria de los principales autores de la época de los Reyes Católicos no solo se centró en la figura de los monarcas, sino que prefiguró un nuevo tema dentro de la poesía historiográfica, de circunstancias o conmemorativa, incluso la neolatina, al presentar a los hijos de aquellos como destinatarios y vehículos de mecenazgo regio. Todos estos autores celebran la «hermosa generación» que ve despuntar la figura del príncipe Juan y sus hermanas. Los versos que tienen como destinatarias a las hijas de los Reyes Católicos (Isabel, María, Juana y Catalina) obedecen a un nuevo paradigma dentro de la actividad literaria de la Temprana Modernidad: ofrecer ejemplos literarios de modelos de virtud, instrucción y de comportamiento cortesano, y al mismo tiempo servir como vehículo de mecenazgo regio. Este modelo de mujer descrito en verso conformará un referente de comportamiento cuya recepción no se restringe exclusivamente a las hijas, sino a toda la corte. En los versos de Juan Barba, Antonio de Nebrija, Cataldo Sículo, el bachiller de la Pradilla, Pedro Marcuello y otros autores del periodo, tanto en castellano como también en latín, se definirán estas imágenes literarias, adornadas de mesianismo y laudatio a los monarcas, donde se resalta el mito de la edad dorada y que sean estas mujeres quienes lo encarnen. En este trabajo se analizarán estas imágenes literarias de virtud y comportamiento que, en sus descripciones —más morales que físicas—, redundan en la consideración de la poesía como instrumento propagandístico de la monarquía, ensalzando la figura de las hijas de los Reyes Católicos como referente.The literary activity of the main authors of the time of the Catholic Monarchs not only focused on the figure of the monarchs, but also prefigured a new theme within historiographical, circumstantial or memorial poetry, even neo-Latin, by presenting their children as recipients and vehicles of royal patronage. All these authors celebrate the «beautiful generation» that saw the rise of Prince Juan and his sisters. The verses addressed to the daughters of the Catholic Monarchs (Isabel, María, Juana and Catalina) obey a new paradigm within the literary activity of the Early Modern period: to offer literary examples of models of virtue, instruction and courtly behavior, and at the same time to serve as a vehicle for royal patronage. The model of womanhood described in verse will form a point of reference for behavior not only for the daughters of the Catholic Monarchs, but also for the whole court. In the verses of Juan Barba, Antonio de Nebrija, Cataldo Sículo, the bachiller de la Pradilla, Pedro Marcuello and other authors of the period, writing in both Castilian and Latin, these literary images are defined, adorned with messianism and turned into a panegyric to the monarchs, becoming a myth of the golden age embodied by women. This article analyzes these literary images of virtue and behavior whose descriptions —more moral than physical— convert the poems into propaganda for the monarchy, extolling the daughters of the Catholic Monarchs as a point of reference.Este trabajo forma parte del proyecto de investigación siguiente: «Literatura y reginalidad en la España de los siglos XVI y XVII: las mujeres de la casa de Austria» (Proyecto PAIDI, PROYEXCEL_00847, Junta de Andalucía, IP: Cristina Moya García)
Declarada de interés turístico autonómico. Semana Santa. Torrevieja 2026. Unidos por la Pasión
No full textCartel de la 45ª Semana Santa de Torreviej
Early evidence of oral humor in the 20th century: an analysis of the sound recording collection of the Biblioteca Nacional de España
No full textEl objetivo del presente artículo es proponer un primer análisis lingüístico y diacrónico de las grabaciones orales humorísticas extraídas de la colección de registros sonoros de la Biblioteca Digital Hispánica (BDH), recurso de la Biblioteca Nacional de España (BNE). Este artículo combina dos líneas de trabajo generales: por un lado, el estudio diacrónico del español del siglo XX, ya que las grabaciones de la BNE pertenecen a este siglo, más concretamente a la franja que abarca la primera mitad (1900-1956); por otro lado, el estudio diacrónico del humor verbal en español, un terreno todavía inexplorado, especialmente en las primeras décadas del siglo por una cuestión de defecto de datos derivada de la dificultad de acceso a fuentes orales reales antiguas. La BNE, disponible en línea, ofrece una selección de material oral que oscila entre la narración y el chiste, por lo que, por primera vez, se puede acceder a una documentación real que permita análisis filológicos diacrónicos del humor. El análisis programático propuesto parte de materiales organizados en una cronología de grupos de cinco años (microdiacronías) hasta la última muestra, de 1956, y se basa en parámetros lingüísticos y rasgos propios del registro, el género discursivo, así como en factores contextuales y culturales. Como resultado, se han observado tendencias en la presencia o ausencia de determinados tópicos y arquetipos para generar humor, así como en el uso de indicadores humorísticos y su relación con procesos inferenciales. Estos primeros resultados pueden utilizarse como base para poder ampliar la muestra y plantear una investigación de corte cuantitativo, teniendo en cuenta, además, que la BNE seguirá añadiendo más materiales humorísticos a la BDH. Por último, el trabajo desea reivindicar la utilidad de la BNE como fuente de obtención de muestras orales que contribuya a cubrir, progresivamente, huecos en la investigación diacrónica del siglo XX.This paper aims to propose a first analysis of humorous oral recordings extracted from the Biblioteca Digital Hispánica (BDH), a digital resource included in the Biblioteca Nacional de España (BNE). This work brings together two general research lines: on the one hand, the diachronic study of the 20th century in Peninsular Spanish, as the BNE recordings date from this period (specifically, to the first half of the century, 1900–1956); on the other hand, the diachronic study of verbal humor in Spanish, a field that remains largely unexplored, particularly during the early decades of the century, due to the scarcity of data caused by the difficulty of accessing authentic old oral sources. The BNE, which is available online, offers a selection of oral materials ranging from jokes to storytelling; these materials allow for a first diachronic analysis of humor in old, real oral recordings. The programmatic analysis proposed is based on a chronological data organization throughout five-year groups (micro-diachronies) up to the last sample, documented in 1956. Some linguistic parameters and features have been considered, such as register, discourse genres, as well as cultural and contextual factors. As a result, certain trends have been identified, including the presence or absence of topics employed to generate humor, as well as the use of linguistic humorous markers related to pragmatic inferential processes. Initial findings in this paper can serve as the basis for further quantitatively oriented research, especially considering that the BNE continues adding new materials to the BDH. Lastly, this paper aims to highlight the value of the BNE as a source of real oral samples that can progressively help fill existing gaps in diachronic research on the 20th century in Spanish.Este trabajo ha sido posible gracias al proyecto CIPROM/2021/038 Hacia la caracterización diacrónica del siglo XX (DIA20), de la Generalitat Valenciana, y al proyecto de I+D+I PID2021-125222NB-I00 Aportaciones para una caracterización diacrónica del siglo XX, financiado por MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ y por FEDER Una manera de hacer Europa
Design of Low-Pass Corrugated Filters Based on Half-Mode Groove Gap Waveguide Technology
No full textIn this paper, low-pass corrugated filters based on half-mode groove gap waveguide (HMGGW) technology are proposed for the first time. The design process starts from the equivalent classical low-pass implementation in corrugated rectangular waveguide. Then, the final response is achieved after a slight re-optimization of groove widths and lengths. As a proof of concept, two corrugated low-pass filters with upper cutoff frequencies at 27 and 29.5 GHz, and maximum attenuation rejection at 34.5 and 39 GHz, respectively, have been designed and manufactured. In spite of the frequency range of operation, the return losses are better than 19.5 dB for both tuning-less filter prototypes, while measured insertion losses are lower than 0.25 dB and 0.3 dB, respectively, in almost the entire passband. The very good agreement between simulations and measurements fully validates the use of this new emerging technology for the implementation of low-pass filters at high frequency bands.This work was funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “FEDER, a way of making Europe,” through Subprojects C43, and C41 of the Coordinated Projects PID2022-136590OB
Embankment construction with limestone powder waste: From laboratory to full-scale implementation
No full textLimestone powder waste is a by-product generated in the polishing and cutting activities of the natural stone industry. In this research, the effect of limestone powder waste as an additive, either alone or in combination with hydrated lime, on the geotechnical properties of three clayey soils has been studied. Moreover, the suitability of limestone powder waste as a standalone material for embankment construction has been assessed. The geotechnical properties were measured in the laboratory by the Proctor, free swell, CBR, unconfined compressive strength and oedometer tests. A full-scale embankment was also constructed with four different sections combining natural soil, limestone powder waste, and lime. A final section with only limestone powder was also constructed. The strength and deformability of these sections were assessed by the plate load test, the dynamic probe test and the footprint test. The laboratory test results indicate a general improvement in the strength and deformability of the soil when mixed with limestone powder waste. The strength increased by up to 88%, while the deformation was reduced by 32% when the by-product was added to the natural soil. When added to the soil and lime samples the strength increased by up to 59% and the deformation was reduced by 15%. The in-situ tests confirmed a reduction in deformability of up to 83% and an increase in soil strength when the by-product was added. Finally, the section with only limestone powder showed less deformability than the others, indicating that this by-product can be used for road embankment construction.This work is supported by the funding scheme of the European Commission, Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Staff Exchanges in the frame of the project UPGRADE – GA 101131146. This project has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Universities under the project PRX21/00554, by Conselleria de Innovación, Universidades, Ciencia y Sociedad Digital (Generalitat Valenciana) under the project CIBEST/ 2022/52, and developed within the framework of the project INNVA1/ 2021/8 of the Agencia Valenciana de Innovación (Generalitat Valenciana)
Self-Ignition of Biomass: Parameters and Scaling
No full textTo analyze the possible reasons that could cause organic waste to undergo self-heating and self-ignition, two fermentative wastes and chemical oxidation at low temperatures have been studied. Poultry waste and fecal matter were selected to observe whether these fermentative wastes behave differently from lignocellulosic wastes in the temperature range of 120–170 °C. The study suggests that the oxidation process and vapor sorption are similar to those of lignocellulosic materials, and simulations indicate that long periods, lasting many months or more, are required for self-ignition to occur at low temperatures. The oxidation of fresh grass has been studied over a wide temperature range, from 50 to 165 °C, revealing an increase in the heat evolved at low temperatures compared with what would be expected from the extrapolation of data obtained at high temperatures. Simulations suggest that self-ignition can occur after a relatively short period of time of approximately 1–4 days at low temperatures.University of Alicant
Spatio-temporal variation of the heat islands as a determinant of urban thermal comfort in the Metropolitan Area of Toluca Valley, Mexico
No full textLas islas de calor urbanas son un problema importante con diversas consecuencias negativas en las zonas urbanas, generando una disminución en el confort térmico y malestar de los habitantes por el incremento de la temperatura ambiental. Este estudio evaluó la dinámica espacio-temporal de las islas de calor superficiales y el confort térmico urbano en la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de Toluca, México. Se calculó el NDVI y la temperatura superficial terrestre a partir de imágenes Landsat para determinar las islas de calor y el confort térmico urbano. Se observó que existen diferencias en la distribución de las islas de calor a lo largo del año siendo verano y otoño las estaciones más afectadas, principalmente en las áreas más urbanizadas. El confort térmico también muestra variaciones estacionales, donde más del 30% de la superficie evaluada presenta malas condiciones. Las variaciones en la distribución e intensidad de las islas de calor y el confort térmico están influenciadas por los cambios estacionales en la cobertura vegetal, lo cual se evidencia en la correlación negativa observada entre el NDVI y la temperatura superficial terrestre, así como con las islas de calor superficiales. El estudio presenta algunas limitaciones, entre las que se incluyen la baja resolución espacial de las imágenes para capturar detalles finos, su limitada frecuencia temporal, la interferencia de nubes, una capacidad espectral restringida para ciertos análisis y una disponibilidad histórica variable. No obstante, la información generada puede ser de gran ayuda para el diseño de estrategias de planificación territorial que promuevan la sostenibilidad de la zona.Urban heat islands constitute a major problem with various negative consequences in urban areas, resulting in a decrease in thermal comfort and greater discomfort among inhabitants due to the increase in ambient temperature. This study evaluates the spatiotemporal dynamics of surface heat islands and urban thermal comfort in the Metropolitan Area of the Toluca Valley, Mexico. NDVI and land surface temperature have been calculated using Landsat images to determine heat islands and urban thermal comfort. Differences in the distribution of heat islands have been observed throughout the year, with summer and autumn being the most affected seasons, mainly in highly urbanized areas. Thermal comfort also displays seasonal variations, with over 30% of the area evaluated presenting poor conditions. Variations in the distribution and intensity of heat islands and thermal comfort are influenced by seasonal changes in vegetation cover, evidenced by the negative correlation observed between NDVI and land surface temperature, as well as with surface heat islands. The study has some limitations, including the low spatial resolution of the images to capture fine details, their limited temporal frequency, cloud interference, a limited spectral capacity for certain analyses, and variable historical availability. However, the information generated can be highly useful in the design of territorial planning strategies that promote the sustainability of the area.Este trabajo fue realizado en el marco del proyecto 6890/2023E financiado por el COMECYT
Microplastics in marine sponges (Porifera) along a highly urbanized estuarine gradient in Santos, Brazil
No full textMicroplastics (MPs) are ubiquitously found in environmental matrices, particularly affecting aquatic systems. While several marine species have been widely used to assess MP contamination, sponges (Porifera) are less used. The MPs contamination was assessed in the sun sponge (Hymeniacidon heliophila) along a gradient at the Santos Estuarine System (Brazil). A 14-fold difference between concentrations (particles g−1) was verified between the most (1.40 ± 0.81) and least (0.10 ± 0.12) contaminated sites, confirming the local contamination gradient. The MPs found were primarily polypropylene, small (1.2–1000 μm), fibrous, and colored. Considering total concentrations, sizes and shapes these spatial patterns were similar those previously detected in molluscs obtained in the same sites. On the other hand, they differed in polymeric composition and color categories. Such findings give important initial insights into the potential role of marine sponges as putative sentinels of MPs contamination.This research was supported by the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP n. 2022/14011-3). I.B. Castro (PQ 304398/2021-7) was recipient of research productivity fellowship from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). V.V. Ribeiro (FAPESP Proc. n° 2022/08669-6) was sponsored by São Paulo Research Foundation. C. Sanz-Lazaro was recipient of research fellwoship by Generalitat Valenciana (GVA-THINKINAZUL/2021/041; ECOBLUE) that forms part of the ThinkInAzulprogramme and was supported by the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities from Spain with funding from European Union NextGenerationEU (PRTR-C17.I1)
Microplastic in bivalves of an urbanized Brazilian estuary: Human modification, population density and vegetation influence
No full textMicroplastics (MPs) global ubiquitously affects particularly coastal regions under significant anthropogenic pressures, where there are limited monitoring efforts. Bivalves are valuable sentinels of MPs contamination. This investigation determined MP contamination in oysters, clams, and mussels at Santos-São Vicente, a heavily urbanized estuary in Brazil, focusing on socio-environmental predictors, spatial distribution, and interspecies variations. Elevated MPs levels were linked to higher human modification (β = 0.5747, p = 0.0223) and reduced population density (β = −8.918e-06, p = 0.0443), regardless of vegetation cover (p > 0.05). Such a negative connection between population density and MP contamination occurred due to the significant presence of industrial and port activities, leading to high MP discharges despite a low population. The simultaneous presence of the three species at specific sites is an intrinsic limitation for broad spatial studies, depending on their environmental availability. Despite higher concentrations in clams, mussels and oysters also exhibited spatial variations in MP concentrations, serving as suitable sentinels. The central and left segments of the estuary displayed elevated MP concentrations, consistent with a well-known contamination gradient. Clams accumulated more MPs (1.97 ± 1.37 [0.00 – 5.55] particles.g−1) than mussels (0.72 ± 1.07 [0.00 – 7.74] particles.g−1) and oysters (0.70 ± 1.03 [0.00 – 7.70] particles.g−1), suggesting higher bioavailability in sediments than the water column. MPs found across all species were predominantly smaller (<1000 µm), fragments or fibers, and colorless. These discoveries lay a groundwork for prospective global investigations by linking MPs concentrations to socio-environmental predictors, contributing to the development of local mitigation measures and global discussions.This research was supported by the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP n. 2022/14011-3). I.B. Castro (PQ 304398/2021-7) was recipient of research productivity fellowship from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). V.V. Ribeiro (FAPESP n. 2022/08669-6) was sponsored by São Paulo Research Foundation. C. Sanz-Lazaro was recipient of research fellwoship by Generalitat Valenciana (GVA-THINKINAZUL/2021/041; ECOBLUE) that forms part of the ThinkInAzulprogramme and was supported by the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities from Spain with funding from European Union NextGenerationEU (PRTR-C17. I1)
A Note on the Quarto Chapbooks of the English Don Bellianis
No full textThe sixteenth and seventeenth centuries saw the publication of a large number of Iberian books of chivalry in English translation, including Don Bellianis of Greece, originally written in Spanish in the mid-sixteenth century by Jerónimo Fernández. Don Bellianis was first translated into English in 1598 but had two continuations added in the second half of the seventeenth century that were originally composed in English by Francis Kirkman. While the rest of Iberian chivalric romances stopped being printed in the last decades of the seventeenth century, Don Bellianis was given a new lease of life thanks to its publication in new, shorter formats during the eighteenth century. This note discusses the three chapbook editions printed in London in quarto by William Onley, Charles Brown, and Thomas Norris at the turn of the eighteenth century and sheds new light on their dating and relation to each other. It shows that Brown used Onley’s edition as copy text and printed his edition at the end of 1712, in contrast with the ESTC’s record dating it to between 1682 and 1707. Norris’s edition is based on Brown’s and was printed between 1713 and 1715, rather than in 1715?, as the ESTC indicates. Based on evidence from the Registers of the Stationers’ Company, together with a bibliographical examination of the copies, the new publication dates herein proposed contribute to a better understanding of the place these chapbook editions occupy in the circulation of Don Bellianis in eighteenth-century England.Research for this note was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (ref. PID2020-115735GB-I00), whose support is herewith gratefully acknowledged