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Web Accessibility of African Ministries of Health Before and After COVID-19: A Comparative Approach
No full textThis article presents a study of the accessibility of ministry of health websites in African countries. The COVID-19 pandemic was a wakeup call to improve accessibility of health information services. The lockdown due to COVID-19 made the Web the sole focal point for health information. More than 57,000 public and private health centers were coordinated by central governments in Africa, so the role of ministries of health in disseminating health information became very important. To determine if these ministry of health websites have improved their accessibility since then, a total of 110 websites representing 55 African countries were evaluated against Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) version 2.1. By using two automated web accessibility evaluation tools (AWAETs), MAUVE++ and WAVE, this study evaluates the performance of web accessibility parameters such as accessibility score, accessibility errors, accessibility contrast errors and implementation of Accessible Rich Internet Applications (ARIA) for the years 2019 and 2024. The results show that African ministry of health websites have not improved in web accessibility, and some have even deteriorated in performance. Therefore, more efforts need to be made to overcome this situation, to make health information accessible to all and get prepared for emergencies to come
Transcender do câncer ao nascimento. Reformulando a doença por meio da espiritualidade
No full textLos pacientes con cáncer colorrectal sufren múltiples dolencias físicas y mentales que los llevan a buscar refugio en la espiritualidad. El objetivo de la investigación fue comprender la manera como las personas con cáncer colorrectal experimentan la espiritualidad durante su enfermedad. Para esto, se realizó una investigación fenomenológica con 12 pacientes con cáncer colorrectal; los audios de las entrevistas fueron trascritos y analizados en unidades de significado temáticas. La experiencia de los participantes con cáncer colorrectal se representa con un tema central denominado “Del cáncer a nacer, reformulando la enfermedad por medio de la espiritualidad”; y los subtemas: “La espiritualidad como una fuente de fortaleza para afrontar la enfermedad”, “Tener fe en un ser supremo que guía los médicos, un camino para perder el miedo a la muerte y la enfermedad”, “Volver a vivir después de estar condenado a morir” y “Trascender del cáncer a nacer”. Se concluye que trascender del cáncer a nacer por medio de la espiritualidad brinda a los pacientes con cáncer colorrectal la fortaleza para afrontar la enfermedad, perder el miedo a la muerte y les da la esperanza de volver a vivir después de estar condenados a morir.Patients with colorectal cancer suffer from multiple physical and mental ailments that lead them to seek refuge in spirituality. The objective of this study was to understand how people with colorectal cancer experience spirituality during their illness. A phenomenological study was conducted with 12 patients with colorectal cancer, and the interviews were transcribed and analyzed into thematic meaning units. The experience of the participants with colorectal cancer is represented by a central theme called “from cancer to birth, reformulating the disease through spirituality” and the subthemes: “spirituality as a source of strength to face the disease”, “having faith in a supreme being who guides doctors, a way to lose the fear of death and disease”, “Living again after being condemned to die”, and “Transcending from cancer to birth”. It is concluded that transcending from cancer to birth through spirituality gives colorectal cancer patients the strength to face the disease, lose the fear of death, and gives them hope to live again after being condemned to die.Os pacientes com câncer colorretal sofrem de várias doenças físicas e mentais que os levam a buscar refúgio na espiritualidade. O objetivo da pesquisa foi entender como as pessoas com câncer colorretal vivenciam a espiritualidade durante a doença. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa fenomenológica com 12 pacientes com câncer colorretal; as entrevistas em áudio foram transcritas e analisadas em unidades de significado temático. A experiência dos participantes com câncer colorretal é representada por um tema central chamado “Do câncer ao nascimento, reenquadrando a doença por meio da espiritualidade”; e os subtemas: “A espiritualidade como fonte de força para enfrentar a doença”, “Ter fé em um ser supremo que orienta os médicos, uma forma de perder o medo da morte e da doença”, “Viver novamente depois de ser condenado a morrer” e “Transcender do câncer ao nascimento”. Conclui-se que transcender do câncer para o nascimento por meio da espiritualidade dá aos pacientes com câncer colorretal a força para enfrentar a doença, para perder o medo da morte e dá a eles a esperança de viver novamente depois de terem sido condenados a morrer
PLANT-DERIVED hybrid pigments supported on nanoclays for the sustainable colouration of polypropylene by injection moulding
No full textIn this work, we evaluate the feasibility of plant-derived hybrid pigments such as chlorophyll and anthocyanin, supported on halloysite, for the colouration of polypropylene (PP) by injection moulding. Powder blends with mass fractions of [0.1; 2] % were prepared, and lunchbox lids were moulded on a production tool. We characterised process behaviour, dimensional stability, tensile properties, colour response, dynamic olfactometry, and DSC. The nanoclay-pigment hybrids proved processable within the studied range. Dimensional deviations remained within ±1 % with respect to PP. Strength and modulus stayed close to the PP reference, with a moderate decrease in elongation as loading increased. Regarding colour, within-part uniformity was ΔE∗ab [0.1; 0.4] for PP and [0.5; 0.9] for the hybrids, consistent with room for improved dispersion. DSC showed Tm [164.5; 165.2] °C and Xc [71; 74] % with no relevant changes. Odour concentration increased vs. PP (+31 % at 1 % chlorophyll; +72 % at 2 % anthocyanin), with no off-odour perceived by the panel. Overall, the hybrid pigments enable colouring PP by injection moulding while preserving functionality; priorities for industrial transfer are to optimise dispersion and reduce odour
Reyes de las Casas, S. (2024). Literatura e imaginario nacional puertorriqueño: la obra de Luis Palés Matos en su contexto. Colección Literatura, 171. Editorial Universidad de Sevilla
No full textAna Davis González «Reyes de las Casas, S. (2024). Literatura e imaginario nacional puertorriqueño: la obra de Luis Palés Matos en su contexto. Colección Literatura, 171. Editorial Universidad de Sevilla», 398 pp. ISBN: 978-84-472-2605-4
Assessment of the educational sensory–based approach for dental treatment of children with autism in Central Italy
No full textBackground: For some children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), over-responsivity to sensory stimuli in a dental office environment and communication barriers can result in uncooperative behavior, in extreme cases necessitating the use of general anesthesia. Tailored educational approaches are a promising tool to address these issues. Objective: This study assesses the effectiveness of an existing educational approach, called the educational sensory–based approach (ESBA), which aims to improve cooperation during dental care treatment of children with ASD. The relevant research questions are whether children improve their levels of cooperation during the implementation of the phases of the ESBA and how such improvement depends on study variables. According to our definition, an initially uncooperative child (Frankl scale at first visit rated negative or definitely negative) is considered to have improved by the end of a certain phase if their Frankl scale rating at the end of the phase is positive or definitely positive, while an initially cooperative child (Frankl scale at first visit rated positive) is considered to have improved by the end of a certain phase if their Frankl scale rating at the end of the phase is definitely positive. Methods: In this study, a retrospective repeated-measures design was used. The final sample comprised 45 initially uncooperative and 40 initially cooperative children with ASD who completed the ESBA program between 2013 and 2020. Data included demographic and clinical examination variables, medical history, and child behavior and cooperation. A statistical analysis was performed using 3,328 cumulative logit models to address the relevant research questions. Results: A statistically significant improvement across the different phases of the ESBA program was observed, independent of the other explanatory variables in the study. The 95% confidence intervals for the predicted probability that an initially uncooperative child would improve by the end of the ESBA program were [0.71 and 0.88], whereas the probabilities for an initially cooperative child improving were lower at [0.04 and 0.20]. Conclusions: The ESBA represents a promising tool for managing dental care in children with ASD. It facilitates cooperation and limits reliance on general anesthesia. The findings from this study can inform clinical practice in pediatric dentistry, particularly in managing patients with ASD, and provide a starting point for other medical teams to implant and implement alternative educational approaches
Poetry and women’s sovereignty. Verses on the ladies from the Trastámara and Habsburg dynasties
No full textEste número monográfico se enmarca dentro del proyecto de investigación «Literatura y reginalidad en la España de los siglos XVI y XVII: las mujeres de la casa de Austria» (Proyecto PAIDI, PROYEXCEL_00847, Junta de Andalucía, IP: Cristina Moya García)
La sombra más corta orientando el patio de la escuela
No full textCómo podemos organizar el horizonte con la sombra más cort
Decisiones empoderadoras: El papel de la educación de las mujeres en la salida de matrimonios insatisfactorios
No full textThis study aimed to examine the role of women’s higher education and social empowerment in enabling them to leave undesirable marriages and reclaim personal autonomy within restrictive social settings. A quantitative survey research design was employed to gather data from a sample of 289 divorced women in Peshawar, Pakistan, all of whom had obtained marital separation through Khula (a form of divorce initiated by the wife under Islamic law) by their own will. These participants, holding at least a master’s degree, were selected using the snowball sampling technique. Data were collected using three self-developed scales measuring women’s education (independent variable), leaving unsatisfactory marriages (dependent variable), and social empowerment (mediating variable). The collected data were analysed using IBM SPSS and AMOS software for statistical precision and model testing. The results indicated a weak but statistically significant direct relationship between women’s education and their ability to leave undesirable marriages. Furthermore, social empowerment considerably mediated the relationship between women’s education and their ability to leave a dissatisfying marriage. Notably, education on its own (direct effect) had only a modest influence, but when education contributed to greater social empowerment (indirect effect), it had a much stronger impact on women’s ability to exit unsatisfactory marriages. These findings underscore the critical role of higher education and social empowerment in enhancing women’s agency, offering valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders committed to advancing women’s independence and rights in patriarchal societies.Este estudio tuvo como objetivo examinar el papel de la educación superior y el empoderamiento social de las mujeres para facilitarles la salida de matrimonios no deseados y la recuperación de su autonomía personal en contextos sociales restrictivos. Se empleó un diseño de investigación cuantitativa mediante encuesta para recopilar datos de una muestra de 289 mujeres divorciadas en Peshawar, Pakistán, que habían obtenido la separación matrimonial mediante Khula (una forma de divorcio iniciada por la esposa según la ley islámica) por voluntad propia. Estas participantes, con al menos un título de máster, fueron seleccionadas mediante la técnica de muestreo en cadena. Los datos se recopilaron utilizando tres escalas de elaboración propia que medían la educación femenina (variable independiente), la salida de matrimonios insatisfactorios (variable dependiente) y el empoderamiento social (variable mediadora). Los datos recopilados se analizaron con los programas IBM SPSS y AMOS para la precisión estadística y la prueba del modelo. Los resultados indicaron una relación directa, débil pero estadísticamente significativa, entre la educación femenina y su capacidad para salir de matrimonios insatisfactorios. Además, el empoderamiento social influyó considerablemente en la relación entre la educación de las mujeres y su capacidad para abandonar un matrimonio insatisfactorio. Cabe destacar que la educación por sí sola (efecto directo) tuvo una influencia modesta, pero cuando contribuyó a un mayor empoderamiento social (efecto indirecto), su impacto en la capacidad de las mujeres para salir de matrimonios insatisfactorios fue mucho mayor. Estos hallazgos subrayan el papel fundamental de la educación superior y el empoderamiento social para fortalecer la capacidad de acción de las mujeres, ofreciendo información valiosa para los responsables políticos y las partes interesadas comprometidas con el avance de la independencia y los derechos de las mujeres en las sociedades patriarcales