Wawasan: Jurnal Ilmiah Agama dan Sosial Budaya
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Grounding Peace through the Word of God and Bearers of the Word: A Christian-Muslim Comparative Theology
Full text linkThe theological debate between Islam and Christianity has been going on for centuries. The debate covered various theological issues such as the meaning of the revelations to the Prophet Muhammad, the revelations of the Qur’Än, then the divinity of Jesus, the Incarnation of Jesus, the Trinity, and so on. The theological debates between the two religions often lead to contradictions and conflicts. This article aims to carry out a comparative study of critical theological issues, namely the Incarnation of Jesus and the Revelation of the Qur'an as the Word of God, and the meaning of the roles of Mary and Muhammad as carriers of God's Word. I use comparative analysis to seek a mutual understanding of two different religious concepts and traditions. From the results of the analysis, I propose that the main thesis is the theological vision of the revelation of God's Word both through incarnation and revelation of the Qur'an is to ground God's peace
Traces of Hadhramaut Intellectualism and Its Influence on The Development of Da'wah of 21st Century in Indonesia
Full text linkHadhramaut Yaman has a tradition of intellectualism that attract students in Indonesia. More and more students plan to deepen their religious knowledge at three pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) in Tarim, Hadhramaut, namely Darul Musthofa, Rubath Tarim, and al-Ahgaff University. This research discusses the historical study of Hadhramaut and traces of intellectualism between Hadhramaut Ulama (scholars) with Indonesian Ulama from the Kitab Kuning (yellow book) commonly studied in pesantren. In addition, it will analyse the role of Tarim Hadhramaut alumni in developing the da'wah movement in Indonesia. This research uses literature studies through a historical approach by collecting previous research through books, articles, online news, and library studies, field observations will also be conducted. This study shows that the genealogy trace between Walisongo and the Alawiyyin in Hadhramaut. In addition, the network of Hadhramaut Ulama with Nusantara has an intellectual impact, such as the book Safinatun najah by Sheikh Salim bin Sumair received appreciation by giving explanations and commentary by Nusantara Ulama. The Habib in Tarim still has a strong da'wah influence in Indonesia, especially after the first 30 students of Darul Musthofa became alumni and established ta'lim assembly or pesantren. Hadhramaut pesantren network is connected through santri (student) who studied at Darul Musthofa, Rubath Tarim, and al-Ahgaff University. The three institutions show an inclusive character suitable for application in Indonesian pesantren
The Participation of Religious Organisations and Their Contributions to the Countermeasure of HIV/AIDS in Indonesia
Full text linkSeveral works available on religion and HIV/AIDS indicated that several religious groups in the world, including Indonesia, are still reluctant to be involved in the prevention of HIV/AIDS. However, the involvement of the two largest religious organisations in Indonesia, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Moluccas Protestant Church (Gereja Protestan Maluku/GPM) in combating HIV/AIDS for the last ten years deserve to be investigated and studied, as new evidence which refutes the above studies. The result of this study shows, first, the involvement of NU and GPM in the prevention of HIV/AIDS showed the potential of religious organisations in health development, particularly as a progressive strength in the fight against pandemics such as HIV/AIDS. Second, the most fundamental forms of involvement are changing religious views about HIV/AIDS as a cursed disease into a disaster or a test that requires patience. NU and GPM also organise social activities, public education, and policy advocacy for HIV/AIDS programs. Third, although this article has not been able to present the decrease of HIV/AIDS prevalence in Indonesia as a result of religious organisations involvement such as NU and GPM, however, at least there have been some contributions from both organisations toward the decrease of negative stigmatisation to people living with HIV/AIDS
Xenophobia in South Africa: Alignment of policy-making with the aim of the Missio Dei (Mission of God)
Full text linkGenerally, the problem of xenophobia remains a complex and challenging topic for most countries of the world, for Africans and South Africans in particular. Constructed upon existing literature, this paper contributes to the discourse on anti-immigrant or xenophobic feelings in South Africa. This paper uses Missio Politica as a missiological framework combined with political theology to examine xenophobia. Although alluring further extensive research, it represents the neglected step in organising the vast body of missiological perspectives on the subject of xenophobia regarding the objective of the Missio Dei. It is entirely devoted to seeking answers to the question of xenophobia by appealing to the correct understanding of Missio Dei’s goal as demonstrated in the account of Noah's Ark in Genesis 6-9. Consequently, it concludes that to circumvent xenophobic incidents, African countries must first prioritise salvation for their local citizens, just as Noah did with his own family, before attempting to invite the entire continent into the tiny ark of salvation. Correspondingly, it concludes that South African policy-makers should familiarise themselves with important religious ideologies of their constituencies to shape public policies that are compatible with societal religious aspirations. Xenophobia has become an issue of great concern, particularly in South Africa. In the discipline of missiology, the current literature does not provide a clear methodology for solving xenophobia. This study represents the first missio politica analysis of the impact of xenophobia on the goal of Missio Dei
The Qur'an in A Christian Majority: A Case Study of Tolerance in the 29th MTQ in Saumlaki, the Moluccas, Indonesia
Full text linkThis paper analyses the acceptance of the majority of Christians towards implementing the 29th Qur'anic Recitation Competition (MTQ) in Maluku Province. MTQ is a form of Islamic Awakening, an event for Muslims. However, this event was held in Saumlaki, where the Muslim population is only four percent (4%). This MTQ is an anomaly where the relationship between Muslims and Christians is mutual respect, unlike in other places that are usually in conflict. Therefore, this MTQ is unique and exciting because a Christian majority carries it out, and a pastor leads the committee of the event. In this study, the acceptance of the Christian majority toward MTQ will be further examined using qualitative research and a sociological approach. The primary sources of this research are stakeholders and parties who participated in the 29th MTQ activities of Maluku Province. The data sources were determined by purposive sampling, while the secondary sources of this research were books and articles relevant to the research theme. This research shows that there is an identity transformation carried out by the majority of Christians in accepting the implementation of the MTQ, such as the use of the hijab by event organisers, who are Christians, in each segment of the competition; the use of the Catholic Center Hall as a venue for the competition, where a cross and a painting of the Virgin Mary were displayed for the Syarhil (explanation) of the Qur'an competition. This research also found a convergence in the relationship between the Muslim minority and the Christian majority. As explained, religious activities such as MTQ can be an adhesive of the relationship between Islam and Christianity and an example of religious moderation
Woman Hymns and Christian Songs: Analysing women's marginalisation in Kidung Jemaat
Full text linkSingings is a tool used by Christians to worship. The song forms the attitude of its adherents by following the verses contained in the song. This paper aims to analyse the Kidung Jemaat song used by Christians in Indonesia using the lens of feminist theology. The dominance of the patriarchal concept causes an imbalance in relations between society and the church. The research was carried out by qualitative research, observing and carefully reading the poems used by the church in general, especially Kidung Jemaat. The study found that church hymns mention very little about women's stories, whereas the Bible talks about women's ministry in the community. The people's attitude was formed over the years, causing women to be marginalised in Christian singing. As a result, women are also marginalised in worship in the church and community. The church needs to encourage church musicians to create women's songs in the church
From Rituals to Resilience: Unleashing the Potential of Islamic Kejawen Tradition in Enhancing Community Disaster Awareness
Full text linkIslamic Kejawen tradition is carried out by most Javanese. Islamic Kejawen is an acculturation process between Islamic values and Javanese values, especially in the mysticism aspect. This writing aims to analyse the Islamic Kejawen tradition in Sendang Village and its role in increasing community awareness in dealing with disasters. This research employs a qualitative method including library and field research. The data was obtained using interviews, participation observation, and collecting secondary data. The secondary data was gathered from books, journals, and other scientific works. The study found that the Islamic Kejawen tradition has a significant role in developing community harmony one of which is preserving nature through the annual cultural festival. Furthermore, this tradition has a role in increasing the community’s awareness of avoiding disasters. The Tetek Melek tradition, the jaranan, Grebeg wuyen are the annuals festival conducted in increasing community awareness of their livelihood. The festival conducted is not only for blessing rituals toward the sanctification of God for their wealth but also as media in increasing community awareness for maintaining the environment. In Javanese mysticism, it is explained that God exists in every sphere of activity and natural phenomena as a manifest of the Almighty God’s rewards. The contribution of this research is to provide knowledge about local wisdom in the Kejawen Islamic tradition, especially those found in Sendang Village, Tulungagung Regency. The analysis of this study explains that the Kejawen Islamic tradition can build awareness of disasters
Hajj: Between Thirst of Spirituality, Symbolic Capital and Fetishism in the Sasak’s Lombok
Full text linkNowadays hajj become a social class in Sasak society, with the symbolic capital attached to it making the title holder also try to construct a strategy about distinguishing itself (distinction) through costumes, daily attitudes, and what they consumed. This paper explores the correlation between the hajj title and the symbolic capital that they achieve for being a pilgrimage to Mecca, and how the role of hajj in Sasak people to strengthen ummah is compared to the common people that legitimate the new social class as different as them in the community. The genealogy of hajj titles that make up social class is studied through Pierre Bourdieu's concept of Social Praxis related to symbolic capital and distinction. This study used a new ethnography concept from Paula Saukko such as self-reflexivity, polivocality, and between self and others to explore the data. As a result, the hajj title becomes the identity as well as the legitimacy of the position of the Hajj subject in society. Even in some areas of Lombok, the title of hajj is an effort to move away from the low social class and can be equivalent to the social class of nobility. The critic of the study of hajj and umra cannot ignore the commercialisation of hajj or umra travel, which further emphasises the commodification of religion and also increasingly envelops the people in a pseudo-consciousness
From Pixels to Peace: Unraveling the Multifaceted Narrative of Religious Tolerance in Social Media
Full text linkReligious tolerance has contributed to a national campaign related to religious moderation through the Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affairs which continues to be promoted to a wide audience in Indonesia. All elements take part in the realisation of religious tolerance to fight radicalism, extremism, and ideas that refer to disintegration. Furthermore, the narrative of religious tolerance aims to build peace in diversity. In an increasingly sophisticated world, religious narrative campaigns do not only occur in the religious institution but also occur in the social media space, as happened on Instagram such as @toleransi.id. There are around 38 thousand followers on this account and their followers continue to grow so that the nuances of the narrative of religious tolerance become colourful and rich. This research utilises library research using qualitative methods and the lens of virtual ethnography theory. By posting content from the @toleransi.id account, the research results show that community interaction in the media space in discussing religious tolerance shows a strong correlation between the real and virtual worlds. Second, it shows the interaction of virtual communities with a wider scope than in real communities. Third, the discussion of the theme focused on adjusting the context of the media account of tolerance
Investigating the Method of Da'wah and the Role of Political-Economy of Jemaah Tarbiyah in Urban Malang Society
Full text linkSince the emergence of the overwhelming electoral vote for Partai Keadilan Sejahtera (Prosperous Justice Party) in the 2019 legislative election in Malang City, we discovered the impact of political-economy of Jemaah Tarbiyah on the urban society is a significant boost in electability for PKS. The subject selected is an Islamic philanthropic organisation, Ash-Shahwah Foundation (YASA) in Malang City as the sympathisers of Jemaah Tarbiyah. The supportive factors for regulating the political economy of Jemaah Tarbiyah include the method, role, and participation of YASA in Malang City. Through the method of da'wah, the figure of Jemaah Tarbiyah, Abu Haidar, stated that shalat is the key to success in life, and this has been successfully gaining hundreds of members. The role of YASA is to educate the urban society that obligatory alms become a lifestyle for their charitable politics. YASA becomes an intermediary to the connection of elite-mass or mustahiq-cadres' relationships for gaining trust and getting massive electoral votes. The urban society participation, particularly the benefactors, can be seen from their enthusiasm in donating their wealth and demonstrating solidarity among individuals to strengthen informal religious learning courses in mosques. Findings show that the political economy of Jemaah Tarbiyah initiated the great success of gaining substantial electoral votes through philanthropic practices used as indirect support and funding for election campaigns. Notably, there is a political tendency for YASA to change its paradigm of philanthropic practice, for which the initial goal was to raise humanitarian aid and charitable funds and to shift funds toward financing a campaign