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Rancang Bangun Alat Ukur Curah Hujan Elektronik
No full textKehidupan dan perencanaan dalam bidang pertanian sangat tergantung pada keadaan cuaca terutama suhu, penyinaran matahari, dan ketersediaan air. Oleh karena letak geografis Indonesia pada ekuator. maka ketersediaan sinar matahari dan terjaganya kestabilan suhu dapat terpenuhi sepanjang tahun dalam jumlah yang cukup, tetapi tidak demikian halnya dengan air, karena air pada umumnya dipenuhi dari curah hujan pada musim hujan dan saluran irigasi pada musim kemarau. Agar pemanfaatan air hujan dapat lebih elektif, diperlukan pengukuran yang tebih elektif pula. Untuk keperluan tersebut telah dibuat alat ukur curah hujan erektronik dengan menggunakan sistem konstruksi cantilever sebagai detektor, dan sistem umpan batik pada alat perekamnya (recorder), serta dengan harga yang relatif lebih murah. komponen-komponen penyusunnya mudah diperoleh di pasaran. dan kemampuan yang cukup memadai. Prototipe alat ukur curah hujan hasil rancang bangun mempunyai kepekaan 0.51329 mm panjang/(mm curah hujan), ketidaktelitian 2,57493 mm-curah hujan, dan besar ketidaktepatan 2,59153 mm-curah hujan pada tingkat kepercayaan 95
Hydrolysis of Soybean Protein by Aspergillus sojae, A. oryzae, and Rhizpus oligosporus
No full textThree species of molds, i.e. Aspergillus sojae. A. oryzae and Rhizopus oligosporus were used to hydrolyze soybean proteins. Whole soybeans were soaked overnight and cooked in boiling water for an hour, drained, sterilized at 121°C for 15 minutes, then cooled and inoculated with A. oryzae. A. sojae, and R. oligosporus. As a control treatment another batch of soybeans was prepared for spontaneous fermentation. Fermentation tasted for five days. Based on the colony forming units (CFU), A. sojae, A. oryzae R. orgosporus and the control reached the stationary phase on the third day of fermentation. The CFU of A. sojae and A. oryzae were higher than that of the others, with 107 - 108 CFU/g dry weight for A. sojae and A oryzae and 106 - 107 CFU/g dry weight for the others. The proteolytic activity of A. sojae. oryzae, R. oboosporus and the control was maximum on the third day. The proteolytic activity of A: sojae and A. oryzae using soybean as substrate was higher (180 - 200 units tyrosine/g dry weight) than the other two groups (100 - 120 UT/g dry weight).Based on the efficiency of hydrolysis, A. sojae and A. oryzae had a higher hydrolysis percentage, giving 32 - 33% and total soluble nitrogen of 2.1 - 2.2 percent/g dry weight. The hydrolysis efficiency of R. ologosporus and the control was 21 - 22%. with the total soluble nitrogen 1.4 - 1.5 percent/g dry weight. The difference in initial pH i.e. pH 5.0: pH 6.0 and pH 6.7 did not affect the soluble nitrogen production significantly
Pendeteksian Lapisan Keras di Dalam Tanah Podzolik dengan Menggunakan Teknik Penginderaan Jauh
No full textKerusakan Partikel Pangan Selama Dalam Pemompaan
No full textDamage to food particles during pumping was studied using potatoes shaped into cubes, cylinders and spheres. The variables studied included particle size ratio, density ratio, particle volumetric fraction, Reynolds number, Froude number, and Euler number. The results indicated that the particle size ratio, the Reynolds number, the Froude number, and the Euler number significantly affected the broken particle fraction. The effect of the volumetric fraction of particle was found to be significant when it was less than 0.01. The density ratio and the flow direction of liquid did not have significant effects on the particle fractio
Model Hidrologi Produksi Air Bulanan Bagian II : Analisis Korelasi Antara Parameter Model dan Karakteristik DAS
No full textAn automatic parameter optimization routine was presented. Eleven small watersheds (less than 1000 square km) in Central Java were used for calibration. A method for estimating four parameters water yield model was obtained Equations for predicting the parameters were developed on the correlation analysis between model parameters and measurable watershed characteristics
Optimasi Sintesis Karboksi Metil Selulosa (CMC) dari Pelepah Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Get PDFPalm midrib contain 89.63 % of cellulose. Cellulose is the main raw material synthesis of carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC). The purpose of this research was to determine the optimum conditions of carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) synthesis from palm midrib. In this research, the concentration of NaOH, NaMCA weight, and the temperature of carboxymethylation reaction were examined. The response optimized on the CMC was the degree of substitution (DS). The optimum conditions of CMC synthesis from palm midrib cellulose was obtained from 10 % of NaOH, 4.57 g of NaMCA, and the reaction temperature of 46.59 °C. Response Surface Methodology calculation showed that CMC with optimum condition had the degree of substitution (DS) value of 0.83, while in the verification test the DS value was 0.75. ABSTRAKPelepah kelapa sawit mempunyai kandungan selulosa sebesar 89,63 %. Selulosa merupakan bahan baku utama sintesis karboksi metil selulosa (CMC). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi optimum sintesis CMC dari pelepah kelapa sawit. Faktor yang diteliti pada penelitian ini adalah konsentrasi NaOH, berat NaMCA, dan suhu reaksi karboksimetilasi. Respon yang dioptimasi pada CMC yang dihasilkan adalah derajat substitusi (DS). Kondisi optimum sintesis CMC dari selulosa pelepah kelapa sawit didapatkan dengan konsentrasi NaOH 10 %, berat NaMCA 4,57 g, dan suhu reaksi 46,59 °C. Hasil dari perhitungan RSM menunjukkan CMC dengan kondisi optimum memiliki nilai DS sebesar 0,83 sedangkan uji verifikasi menunjukkan nilai DS sebesar 0,75