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Hubungan Keadaan Kimiawi dan Mikrobiologik Bandeng Asap Pada Penyimpanan Suhu Kamar dengan Sifat Organoleptiknya
No full textPerubahan kimiawi dan keadaan mikrobiologik bandeng asap telah diamati selama penyimpanan pada suhu kamar. Bandeng asap dibuat dengan cara pengasapan panas (suhu ± 70°C) selama 3 - 4 jam dengan baban bakar serbuk gergaji kayu jati. Pengamatan keadaan kimiawi meliputi kandungan ammonia, kerusakan lemak, dan keadaan asamnya. Diperoleh keterangan, pengasapan dapat menaikkan kandungan ammonia dan total asam, tetapi menurunkan nilai TBA-nya. Namun setelah bandeng asap disimpan pada suhu kamar, kandungan ammonia dan nilai TBA-nya meningkat terus masing-masing mencapai 40% dim 160% pada penyimpanan empat hari. Total asam mula-mula menurun kemudian meningkat selama penyimpanan. Pengasapan juga menurunkan jumlah bolded lebih daripada 93%, tetapi pertumbuhan bakteri meningkat selama penyimpanan. Jamur dapat mulai tumbuh setelah penyimpanan dua hari, sedangkan pada bari ketiga penyimpanan bandeng asap pertumbuhan jamur menjadi nyata terlihat. Penyimpanan dua harti hampir tidak merubah penerimann (kesukaan) panelis terhadap bau dan kenampakan bandeng asap, pada saat kandungan ammonia dan nilai TBA-nya masing-masing baru mencapai 30 mg/kg dan 620 mg/kg. Bau dan kenampakan bandeng asap tidak lagi disukai panelis setelah penyimpanan berlangsung 4 hari, pada saat kandungan ammonia mencapai 39 mg/kg dan nitai TBA mencapai 680 mg/kg ikan asap
Model Hidrologi Produksi Air Bulanan Bagian I : Kalibrasi dan Analisis Kepekaan
No full textIn a hydrologic model, sensitivity analysis is essential in order to determine the importance of parameters on model outputs, and to expIore more completely the validity of the model. The study focused on calibrating and the sensitivity analysis of hydrologic model parameters. A monthly water yield model of rainfall-runoff relationship has been created in order to simulate runoff volumes. It was controlled by four parameters, those are: fo (infiltration capacity, mm/hr), Mc(the moisture-holding capacity of the lower zone, mm), Sm (maximum possible seepage rate, mm/day), and a (a constant defining the portion of seepage that appears as runoff). An automatic parameter optimization routine was presented. Eleven small watersheds (less than 1000 square km) in Central Java were used for calibration. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that the increasing value of Fo and Mo will be followed by the decreasing of model output (water yield). In contrast, the increasing value of Sm and a will be followed by the increasing of model output Fo more sensitive than Mc, Sm, and a.Based on graphical and statistical criteria, the monthly water yield can be simulated well by the model
Perubahan Kimia dan Sensoris Buah Salak Pondoh Selama Penyimpanan dalam Termodifikasi
No full textSalak pondoh (Salacca edulis RENW cultivar Pondoh) is an exotic fruit of Indonesia which is prospective as an export commodity. However, the problem is that the fruit has a short shelf life. The purpose of the investigation was to prolong the shelf life of the produce by storing them in a modified atmosphere (MA). The composition of MA was 02, 1-3% ; CO2, 0-6% and N2, 91-99% ; the storage temperature was 25°C. The results suggested that the best composition of MA was 02, 3% ; CO2, 6%, and N2, 91%. The optimum temperature for the storage was 25°C. After storage for 42 days at gives condition the fruit was still edible and in a good appearance. At contrast, the control samples deteriorated before 14 days storage
Perbaikan Teknik Pengemasan Buah-Buahan Segar Untuk Mengurangi Tingkat Kerusakan Mekanis, Studi Kasus di Propinsi Jawa Tengah
No full textMechanical damages of fresh fruits may happen in traditional packaging methods. The aim of research is to find some alternatives methods to reduce the mechanical damage during transportation. The variable used in the study are vibration and drop test, and the study was implemented for avocados. mangoes, bananas, and papayas. Using equivalent bruise index percentage, it is known that the packaging models suggested are capable to reduce the mechanical damages (% EBI) from 15,01%-22,33% through 1,57%-9,17%. The result obtained give alternatives for each commodity. The best packaging model for mangoes is the corrugated cartoon, followed by the wooden box V type, the plastic basket and traditional packaging (bamboo basket). Where as for avocados. the best packaging model is the plastic basket, followed by the corrugated. On the other hand, the corrugated cartoon is the best for papayas, followed by the wooden box V type, the plastic basket and traditional packaging (partition). The final result of the result suggests that the wooden box V type is the best for all commodities. This packaging uses a linked hinge which is easier for returning distribution, and surely it needs only little of space on transportation vehicles
Pengaruh Pengukusan Terhadap Kandungan Oryzanol dan Perubahan Sifat Kimia Minyak Bekatul Padi Unggul Selama Penyimpanan
No full textRice brans of three superior rice cultivars (IR-64, PB-36 and Cisadane) were steamed at 100 °C for 15 min, extruded and dried in an oven at 40-50 °C then stored in plastic containers at the ambient temperature for three months. Changes in rice bran oil and the oryzanol contents as well as chemical properties oh the oil after steaming and storage were investigated. In all rice cultivars investigated steaming increased oil content of the rice bran. The process decreased free fatty acid and Iodine values, but increased the peroxide value of the oil extracted from rice brans. Te oryzanol content of rice oils were relatively constant. During three months storage at the ambient temperature, the oil were content decreased but the oryzanol tended to increase. Iodine value of the oil extracted from rice brans significantly decreased, peroxide value increased until the second month but then decreased in the last month. Free fatty acids gradually increased during the storage time
Optimasi Model Persediaan Produk Makanan Ternak Pada Tingkat Distributor di Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
No full textInventory management is a general problem in manufactures, service companies, government institutions included feedmill distributor. Inventory policy in those institutions are determined by several objectives which the main are minimizing the total cost or investment inventory, the consumer satisfaction and maximizing the output efficiency. Structural problems related with feedmill inventory consists of total cost inventory, order quantity and reorder point. Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model is one of tools in order to solve problems above, in detail this tool is used to optimize feedmill inventory in the distributor level, especially in the feedmill manufacturing product, the milled corn and the rice sifting components. The result of the research shows that by using the EOQ model, there is a total cost inventory reduction, such as the feedmill manufacturing product decrease from 8,046,778 rupiahs to 1,890,865 rupiahs, the milled corn component from 1,785,721 rupiahs to 103,310 rupiahs and total cost inventory for the rice siftings component decrease from 598,812 rupiahs to 96,686 rupiahs. Based on the final result above, it is summarized that the EOQ model instrument minimized the total cost inventory in feedmill product on the distributor level
