Göteborgs universitets publikationer - e-publicering och e-arkiv
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Socialt kapital i en digitaliserad värld: En kvalitativ studie av studenters upplevelser av ens sociala situation i samband med distansstudier i coronapandemi
No full textThe covid-19 pandemic had a huge effect across the world. Countries responded to it in many
different ways and the changes played out multiple times, many of the changes have led to
changes still seen after the pandemic officially ceased to exist as a global emergency.
In Sweden, a country deemed fit to handle the crisis well, most of the work and studies moved
from the physical place of offices and schools to being done from home through various digital
platforms. Students at the universities, often seeing the social part of the university experience as
important, had to limit their social activities to various degrees. Not only was this a big change in
how they performed their daily work, but also affecting their life in general. Since the pandemic
is still very new, the subject is a hot topic to research and analyse, this paper will contribute to
that research.
The purpose of this study is to examine how social capital was affected among university
students during remote learning in the COVID-19 pandemic. This has been completed through a
qualitative study by interviewing students who themselves have experienced studying at
university during the time of the covid-19 pandemic. The empirical data is analysed with a take
on digital competence and social science theory, more specific social capital.
The result of the study has shown that students that endured online studies whilst at university
during the pandemic experienced the quality of their studies as lower compared to being
physically present at school. The digital tools used were not challenging enough to be developing
their skill in that area. The students’ social situation changed drastically, from living social lives
filled with activities, to having less encounters with other people and loosing friends along the
way. Individual and collective social capital lessened with the individuals not participating in
social activities and acting in their social networks to the same extent as before the pandemic
I väntan på att bli en levande stadsdel; En etnografisk studie av Frihamnen
No full textThe decommissioning of centrally located port areas has become increasingly widespread
throughout the Global North, driven by technological advancements and evolving logistical
networks. These vacated sites often stand in contrast to their surrounding urban fabric, presenting
significant challenges for redevelopment. Frihamnen, situated in Hisingen, Gothenburg,
exemplifies this condition. Once a functioning port, it is now designated to become a central and
inclusive urban district—the envisioned “heart” of the city. However, delays in planning have left
the area in a protracted state of liminality. Characterized by derelict industrial structures, scattered
construction materials, and recreational facilities, Frihamnen embodies the concept of the urban
void: a transitional, ambiguous space within the urban landscape.
This study examines how individuals engage with Frihamnen in its current, indeterminate
condition, with particular attention to the ways in which personal memories and imagined futures
inform their sensory and emotional experiences of the space. Employing methods of participant
observation and interview, and guided by Sarah Pink’s theory of sensory ethnography, the research
offers a counter-narrative to prevailing institutional discourses of redevelopment. By
foregrounding subjective, embodied encounters, the study advocates for the integration of diverse
epistemologies and methodologies in the conceptualization and transformation of urban
environments, particularly those situated within contexts of spatial and temporal uncertainty.
This paper will be written in Swedish
The pursuit of my healthy self - interview study with patients in ASIH
No full textAbstract
Background: Palliative care must be based on a holistic approach to increase the quality of life for people with incurable and severe illness. The 6 S is a model for person-centered palliative care puts the person in focus. The model is based on the patient's self-image and the goal is to try to understand how illness and living close to death change the self-image. The person's self-image and experience of dignity can be negatively affected in the event of a serious illness, but this can be counteracted through active measures. This means that it is important that the nurse has knowledge of how the person experiences their self-image and uses that knowledge in their nursing.
Aim: To describe the patient's experience of self-image and how the nurse contributes to preserving the self-image in advanced home care.
Method: Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten patients enrolled for at least two weeks in advanced home care (ASIH). The interviews were analyzed with qualitative content analysis.
Results: The study involved six men and four women aged 52–86 years. Self-image in change was described as preserving my healthy self and gaining new insights about life. Furthermore, the self-image could be affected by circumstances the participants could not control, information and the nurse's relationship and profession.
Conclusion: In person-centered palliative care, the nurse starts from the patient's self-image. The starting point for patients' experience of self-image when they are enrolled in ASIH is the experience of the healthy self. Self-image can be affected by ambivalent information and that the patient strives to take control. The self-image can be affected by external circumstances like increased dependence such as one does not have control over, but it is also affected by the nurse's relationship and profession.Bakgrund: Den palliativa vården skall utgå från en helhetssyn för att öka livskvaliteten för personer med obotbar och svår sjukdom. De 6 S:n är en modell för personcentrerad palliativ vård som sätter personen i fokus. Modellen har patientens självbild som utgångspunkt och målet är att försöka förstå hur sjukdom och att leva nära döden förändrar självbilden. Personens självbild och upplevelse av värdighet kan påverkas negativt vid svår sjukdom, men detta kan motverkas genom aktiva åtgärder. Detta innebär att det är viktigt att sjuksköterskan har kunskap om hur personen upplever sin självbild och använder den kunskapen i sin omvårdnad.
Syfte: Att beskriva patientens upplevelse av självbild och hur sjuksköterskan bidrar till att bevara självbilden inom avancerad hemsjukvård.
Metod: Kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med 10 deltagare inskrivna i minst två veckor i avancerad sjukvård i hemmet (ASIH). Intervjuerna analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys.
Resultat: I studien deltog sex män och fyra kvinnor i åldern 52–86 år. Självbild i förändring beskrevs som att bevara mitt friska jag och få nya insikter om livet. Vidare kunde självbilden påverkas av omständigheter deltagarna inte kunde rå över, information samt sjuksköterskans relation och profession.
Slutsats: Vid personcentrerad palliativ vård utgår sjuksköterskan från patientens självbild. Det som är utgångspunkten för patienters upplevelse av självbild när de är inskrivna i ASIH är upplevelsen av det friska jaget och insikten om livets ändlighet. Sjuksköterskan bör också veta att självbilden kan påverkas av ambivalent information och att patienten själv strävar efter att själv ta kontroll. Det finns yttre omständigheter som kan påverka självbilden såsom ökat beroende, sådant man inte råder över, men det finns också möjlighet för sjuksköterskan att påverka självbilden positivt genom sin relation och profession i förhållande till patienten
Handling Data Leakage in Automotive Datasets for Object Detection
No full textBackground: Object detection is a central component of automotive perception
systems that supports safe operation of autonomous driving technologies.
The performance of such models is typically evaluated using large-scale image
datasets, where choices in dataset construction and splitting strategies strongly
influence the ability to detect objects correctly and accurately. Specifically,
image similarity between training and test sets can unintentionally create data
leakage, a situation where information from the test set is indirectly accessible
during training, leading to overly optimistic performance estimates and threatening
the reliability of evaluation results. This can have serious consequences
in safety-critical domains such as autonomous driving, where a robust and
trustworthy object detection model is a prerequisite for deployment.
Objective: The overall aim of this thesis is to investigate the problem of
data leakage in automotive object detection research. Specifically, it seeks to
understand how different dataset splitting strategies impact the evaluation
performance of models, and also to establish methods for detecting data leakage
in existing train-test splits of frequently used automotive datasets to enable a
more reliable assessment of object detection models.
Method: The research follows an empirical approach and is structured with
four studies. Papers A and B adopt a quantitative, experimental design to
investigate the extent of various data splitting strategies of automotive image
datasets and the overall impact on the model performance. Papers C and
D follow a design science methodology, introducing the D-LeDe method for
detecting data leakage in any existing data split, and evaluating its effectiveness
on multiple automotive datasets and object detection model architectures.
Findings: The results in paper A demonstrate that image similarity can
have a measurable impact on reported performance in object detection models.
Results in paper B show that splitting data based on semantic similarity can
significantly enhance the overall performance. The proposed D-LeDe method is
presented in paper C to detect data leakage in any existing data split. Paper D
presented how effectively the D-LeDe method performs across different datasets
and with multiple models to identify which of the splits have data leakage in
them.
Conclusions: This thesis demonstrates that data leakage caused by image
similarity across dataset partitions is a tangible and non-trivial problem in
automotive object detection. Even modest overlap between training and test
sets can inflate model performance, leading to overly optimistic conclusions
about generalisation. In larger or highly redundant datasets, the effect can be
even stronger. The findings confirm that data leakage is a systematic risk that
can occur in many renowned datasets and can compromise the reliability of
models benchmarked using the default splits of such datasets. Recognising this
problem and practicing caution to avoid data leakage is therefore essential to
ensure the reliability of automotive perception models
White adipose tissue functionality - Biological sex- and PCOS-related differences
No full textAdipose tissue is a dynamic energy storage and endocrine organ that plays a central role in metabolic regulation. Its function and distribution differ between the sexes, influencing the susceptibility to metabolic and endocrine disorders. One example is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common endocrine disorder affecting women. This thesis explores how sex differences and androgen excess in PCOS shape the structure and function of adipose tissue and how these differences contribute to metabolic and hormonal imbalances. In Paper I, we demonstrated that macrophage-mediated intracellular collagen degradation is a critical process in healthy adipose tissue expansion. Our findings highlight that this process is disrupted in obese insulin resistant mice, associated with accumulation of collagen fragments within the tissue. These fragments may contribute to fibroinflammatory processes in obesity. In Paper II, we explored sex differences in adipose tissue extracellular matrix. Females showed a more adaptive subcutaneous adipose tissue remodelling, with lower tissue stiffness and higher adipocyte precursor cell proliferation than males. These findings were supported by human data, suggesting that sex-specific differences in collagen composition influence adipose tissue function and metabolic health. In Paper III, proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses revealed that women with PCOS have altered muscle and adipose tissue protein expression, including changes in lipid metabolism, muscle fibre composition, and possibly mitochondrial functions. Electrical stimulation significantly impacted protein and phosphorylation profiles related to tissue remodelling. In Paper IV, we investigated adipose tissue dysfunction in two mouse models of PCOS. Chronic androgen exposure led to weight gain, adipocyte hypertrophy, reduced adipocyte precursor cells proliferation, and altered immune cell profiles, particularly in visceral adipose tissue. In contrast, prenatal androgen exposure led to a slightly increased fat mass without weight gain, enhanced adipocyte precursor cell proliferation and reduced adipogenesis. In vitro findings suggest that insulin resistance and macrophage-produced factors influence the functionality of adipocyte precursor cells in PCOS. In conclusion, differences in collagen remodelling, adipocyte precursor cell activity, and insulin signalling contribute to sex- and PCOS-related differences in adipose tissue functionality
Deferred Revenue and Profitability in Tesla’s Software-Integrated Model: A Case Study under ASC 606
No full textMSc in Accounting and Financial ManagementThis thesis examines financial reporting considerations related to the Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 606, which governs revenue recognition under U.S. GAAP. The study focuses on software-bundled business models in the electric vehicle (EV) sector, with Tesla Inc. as the primary subject of analysis. With growing vehicle software offerings—such as Full Self-Driving (FSD), premium connectivity, and over-the-air updates— traditional revenue recognition under a bundled sale is complicated by the fact that the company’s performance obligation is spread over time.
Testing Tesla’s annual reports from 2013 through 2023, I use a quantitative approach to analyze the impact on reported profitability and earnings volatility of deferring revenues. The results reveal that Tesla’s increasing amount of deferred revenue, which primarily comes from software sales, is a short-term obstacle to profit but acts as a smoothing mechanism on earnings between periods. While software-driven revenue is still a small portion of the top line it's vastly out-sized in its strategic influence - contributing to margin expansion as well as financial predictability.
Also, this study adds to the body of literature by uniting technical accounting guidelines with industry-specific strategic considerations in new sectors. It also highlights the requirement for ongoing academic and regulatory focus on how emerging business models interface with legacy financial systems
Alternative, Mainstream, and Everything In Between: Information-Seeking Repertoires in Prolonged Crises
No full textDespite a rapidly changing media environment, research on information-seeking during crises has often departed from traditional assumptions, focusing either on organizational communication perspectives or on how individuals turn to single sources. This dissertation introduces a novel framework for understanding how individuals combine different types of sources in so-called information-seeking repertoires during a societal crisis.
The thesis comprises four studies conducted in the context of prolonged, oscillating, societal crises. It advances our understanding of how individuals combine information sources and how such repertoires change across phases of a societal crisis. It contributes by offering insights into (i) the dual nature of information-seeking repertoires as both stable and dynamic in prolonged, oscillating, crises, (ii) the role of individual factors such as trust and emotions in shaping repertoires, and (iii) differences in informationseeking dynamics across social groups. Taken together, the findings highlight the value of moving beyond information-seeking from single sources to analyze the combination of sources individuals use, with implications for both theory and crisis communication practice
Vasopressin for prevention of blood loss during liver surgery; physiological and clinical studies.
No full textBackground: Hepatic resection is a major surgical procedure, with risk of substantial blood loss and need for blood transfusion. Blood loss and red blood cell transfusion are associated with postoperative morbidity and mortality, including time to recurrence of cancer. Various strategies are used to reduce blood loss, such as mechanical vascular occlusion and low central venous pressure anesthesia. Vasopressin is a non-adrenergic vasoconstrictor with prominent effects on the splanchnic circulation, used in treatment of vasoplegia in septic shock, but not previously evaluated in hepatic resection.
Aim: The aim of this thesis was to describe the effects of vasopressin on hepato-splanchnic hemodynamics, blood loss, transfusion requirements and postoperative outcomes during liver resection.
Methods: In Paper I, the effects of vasopressin and nitroglycerin on portal and hepatic venous pressure and portal and hepatic venous blood flow, were evaluated in an experimental study on 13 patients. In Paper II, the change of biomarker levels compared to baseline were described in 18 patients scheduled for hepatic resection, and the feasibility of a larger trial was assessed. Paper III described the protocol for a randomized, placebo-controlled double-blinded trial, comparing effects of vasopressin and placebo on blood loss, transfusion requirements and postoperative outcomes in hepatic resection. The trial included 270 patients, and the results are presented in Paper IV.
Results: Vasopressin did not affect the portal pressure but reduced the portal blood flow by 47% (SD 19%). Addition of nitroglycerin reduced the portal blood flow further, by 55% (SD 13%) and the hepatic venous blood flow by 30% (SD 13%). The portal pressure was reduced below baseline, but at the cost of hemodynamic instability. In Paper II, creatinine, troponin and lactate increased after hepatic resection, but there was no difference in biomarker levels between the vasopressin and placebo groups in Paper IV.
In Paper IV, blood loss at the end of surgery was median 450 ml (min 5; max 26500) in the argipressin group vs median 500 ml (min 10; max 10 000) in the placebo group, RR 0.90 (95% CI: 0.70-1.17). The number of patients who required blood transfusion during the study period was 43 (36.8%) in the vasopressin group and 52 (41.3%) in the placebo group, OR 0.84 (95% CI 0.48-1.49). There were less complications in the vasopressin group at 30 days after surgery, primarily due to less postoperative infections.
Conclusion: Vasopressin reduces portal and hepatic blood flow, but this effect does not translate to reduced blood loss or transfusion requirements after hepatic resection performed with low central venous pressure anesthesia and use of Pringle maneuver. The vasopressin-group had less complications at 30 days after surgery
The Remains of the Folk Era / Women’s labour in Rural Greece
No full textMFA DesignThe Remains of the Folk Era is a practice-based design project that explores how cultural memory, women’s labor, and inherited knowledge can be communicated through material form. The installation centers around a life-sized wooden vessel, painted with colorful geometric patterns. Onto its surface, I attached tufted textile elements referencing Greek traditional female garments such as aprons and headscarves. In addition, key words from my theoretical research and selected phrases from oral history surveys were handwritten directly onto the wooden structure using marker pens. These layered elements work together as a non-verbal narrative surface. The vessel stands on a single fur-covered base with four distinct colors one on each side.
The base emphasizes the sensory quality of the work and also invites visitors to approach and potentially sit, creating a point of physical contact with the installation. This integration of color, softness, and scale reinforces the work’s tactile dimension and makes space for quiet engagement.The main piece is accompanied by three smaller tufted containers. My personal reaction
to the subjects discussed in the gigantic vessel is reflected in their design, which features vibrant colours and patterns inspired by Greek folklore. The small vessels provide a modern, personal interpretation, while the central structure preserves collective memory.The pieces collectively investigate how material, surface, and touch-focused design approaches might reawaken ancestral forms.The project is grounded in feminist design, craft practices, and critical heritage studies. It addresses how tradition can be sustained through reinterpretation and how tactile engagement can support cultural storytelling in contemporary design
