Göteborgs universitets publikationer - e-publicering och e-arkiv
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THE ROLE OF CULTURAL NARRATIVES AND SOCIAL IDENTITY IN PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES. A survey experiment in the car-state Germany.
Get PDFThis thesis examines whether and how cultural narratives influence public support for environmental policies of the European Union (EU). It contributes to the field of European Studies by demonstrating how such narratives can shape the acceptance of EU policies within a culturally diverse union. Focusing on Germany’s car-state narrative, the study examines public support for the ban on internal combustion engine vehicles by 2035. Drawing on Social Identity Theory, the thesis explores how different framings of the policy activate identity-related mechanisms that shape individual support.
To test these effects, a face-to-face survey experiment was conducted in Germany in April 2025 (N = 264). Participants were randomly assigned to two mini-experiments. The first group was exposed to an identity-affirming frame aligning with the cultural narrative of the car-state (TG1). The second group was exposed to an external threat frame presenting the policy as an EU mandate (TG2). The results show that aligning the policy with Germany’s car-state narrative increased support. A majority of participants in TG1 (93.9%) approved the ICEV ban when e-fuels were included as an option or held a neutral stance. This indicates that national cultural narratives can meaningfully shape public support for EU environmental measures. While identity-affirming frames clearly increase support, the EU frame, which was intended to trigger out-group threat, did not significantly reduce support as previously assumed.
By demonstrating how national identity can be activated through targeted framing, the thesis contributes to a better understanding of the cultural conditions under which EU environmental policies gain public support
Exceptionella klustringsprocesser för urskog: Simulering och analys av exceptionell klustring i trädpopulationer
Get PDFI detta arbete modelleras ett exceptionellt klustrat punktmönster med hjälp av spatiala punktprocesser. Punktmönstret representerar den spatiella placeringen av träd i skogsområdet VES13,
givet av ERIKA-projektet som genomförts i Finland. Syftet är att återskapa det observerade
mönstret genom att utveckla och analysera modeller anpassade till denna typ av data. Simuleringar genomförs i programmeringsspråket R med hjälp av paketet spatstat.
För att efterlikna det trädmönstret givet av datamängden testades först några standardmodeller för klustrade punktmönster såsom Thomasprocessen, den omodifierade Thomasprocessen
samt en kombination av dessa kallad halvvägs Thomasprocess. Modellerna lyckades skapa kluster men inte exceptionella kluster, så för att bättre fånga dessa utvecklades tre nya modeller
som även tar hänsyn till biologiska faktorer. den iterativa Thomasprocessen skapar kluster
genom en iterativ generering av dotterpunkter, medan den intensitetsstyrda Thomasprocessen tillåter parameteranpassningar för större kontroll över storleken och tätheten på kluster.
Slutligen anpassas en hierarkisk Poissonprocess där intensiteten styrs av ett latent fält, vilket
modellerar klustring genom variation av intensiteten.
Avslutningsvis jämfördes modellerna med ett test och olika sammanfattande statistiskor. Resultaten visar att de modeller med hänsyn till biologiska faktorer lyckas efterlikna det exceptionella klustermönstret från datamängden bäst
Pianistic composition with focus on one finger
Get PDFSyftet med arbetet är att utforska metoder som har för avsikt att förbättra min förmåga till
komposition baserat på melodik. Detta görs genom att jag definierar melodisk komposition och sedan
skriver fyra kompositioner utifrån ett antal metoder som har för avsikt att påverka
kompositionsprocessen så att den blir mer melodiskt grundad. Arbetet visar på hur den melodiska
ingången resulterar i mer genomkomponerade kompositioner och får mig att känna mig mer
känslomässigt förankrad i musiken
Navigera i osäkerhet: Hur bilindustrin möter handelspolitisk instabilitet genom försörjningskedjestrategier
Get PDFIn an era marked by intensifying geopolitical tensions and shifting trade policies, global supply chains are increasingly exposed to political uncertainty. This bachelor thesis explores how actors in the automotive industry, which are highly dependent on international trade and complex supplier networks, strategically adapt their supply chains in response to such uncertainty. The thesis was conducted following Donald Trump’s re-election in 2024, as his return to the presidency in 2025 led to threats of and the reintroduction of increased tariffs and additional trade barriers.
Grounded in Supply Chain Network Design Theory, Resource Dependency Theory, and Information Processing Theory, the thesis focuses on three central strategies: regionalization, multisourcing, and supply chain integration. These approaches are identified in the literature as important tools for building resilience and agility in the face of external disruptions. The thesis adopts a qualitative and deductive research approach, drawing on semi structured interviews with representatives from Volvo Cars, DFDS, Wallenius Wilhelmsen, and the Swedish industry association Fordonskomponentgruppen (FKG).
Findings show that while the strategies are well supported in theory, their practical application varies depending on organizational resources, market position, and technological readiness. The effects of political uncertainty are shaped by each company’s specific context, prerequisites and strategic priorities. The thesis concludes that theoretical models must be adapted to firms’ operational realities, and it emphasizes the importance of context specific approaches over universal best practices. By illustrating the gap between strategic intention and execution, the thesis contributes both to academic understanding and to managerial decision making.I en tid präglad av tilltagande geopolitiska spänningar och förändrade handelspolitiska riktlinjer, utsätts globala försörjningskedjor i allt högre grad för handelspolitisk osäkerhet. Denna rapport undersöker hur aktörer inom bilindustrin, en bransch starkt beroende av internationell handel och komplexa leverantörsnätverk, strategiskt anpassar sina försörjningskedjor som svar på denna osäkerhet. Rapporten är genomförd i ljuset av Donald Trumps återval 2024, då hans övertagande av presidentämbetet 2025 lett till hot om och återinförande av höjda tullar och fler handelshinder.
Med teoretisk förankring i Supply Chain Network Design Theory, Resource Dependency Theory och Information Processing Theory, så fokuserar rapporten på tre centrala strategier: regionalisering, multisourcing och integration av försörjningskedjan. Dessa strategier identifieras i litteraturen som viktiga verktyg för att bygga motståndskraft och flexibilitet i mötet med externa störningar. Rapporten använder en kvalitativ och deduktiv forskningsansats, baserad på semistrukturerade intervjuer med representanter från Volvo Cars, DFDS, Wallenius Wilhelmsen och branschorganisationen Fordonskomponentgruppen (FKG).
Resultaten visar att även om strategierna har starkt teoretiskt stöd, så varierar deras praktiska tillämpning beroende på organisationens resurser, marknadsposition och teknologiska mognad. Effekterna av handelspolitisk osäkerhet formas av varje företags unika kontext, förutsättningar och strategiska prioriteringar. Rapporten drar slutsatsen att teoretiska modeller måste anpassas till företagens operativa verklighet och betonar vikten av kontextspecifika angreppssätt snarare än universell bästa praxis. Genom att belysa gapet mellan strategisk ambition och faktisk implementering, bidrar rapporten både till akademisk förståelse och till praktiskt beslutsfattande
I Politikens Tjänst- Hur tjänstemän överbryggar informationsdiskrepans
No full textThe democratic delegation process begins with elected politicians who make decisions on
political issues, while bureaucrats are responsible for implementation. The Principal-agent
theory suggests that this delegation chain can be weakened by information asymmetry
between the politician and the bureaucrat, leading to bureaucrats effectively making the
decisions. Swedish municipalities can be described as having a large information asymmetry
between politicians and bureaucrats, but earlier studies show that these bureaucrats are
interested in making politicians decide and are rather perceptive to politicians' wishes. This
raises the question of how bureaucrats bridge the information asymmetry and put politicians
in charge. To explore this, this study will conduct interviews with both bureaucrats and
politicians in Swedish municipalities. The results highlight three strategies that bureaucrats
use to address information asymmetry. The first focuses on educational ways for knowledge
transfer. The second restricts information based on politicians' views of what they consider
valuable. The third strategy also imposes restrictions on information, but it is not influenced
by politicians' views, making it rather ineffective at bridging information gaps. The study
develops the principal-agent theory by acknowledging the bureaucrat's role in minimizing
information asymmetry and the need for active strategies. The study also contributes to the
field by identifying strategies that can be used to bridge information asymmetry. Further the
study suggests a new way to perceive informing strategies from the former focus on content
to a more comprehensive perspective where content, form of delivery and time are
considered
Potential of behavioral and morphological bias in invasive brook trout capture methods
Get PDFInvasive species in aquatic systems can result in numerous adverse effects such as reduced
native populations, loses in biodiversity, and degraded ecological services. When these effects
become too great to ignore management techniques available for invasive fish programs vary
greatly. Selective manual methods of species removal such as electrofishing and trapping
have been shown to be part of successful removal programs but typically require extensive
effort and multiple treatments. Electrofishing requires specialized equipment and training to
actively capture invasives whereas trapping uses commonly available traps and after
installation is more passive. Due to differences between capture method it was theorized by
this study that capture method may be biased for different behavioral and morphological
characteristics of invasive brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in Swedish streams. It was
theorized that bolder brook trout would be selected for by trapping as the method requires
trout to investigate and enter the new and foreign traps while electrofishing would select for
less bold individuals that would remain stationary upon disturbance. Morphological
differences could occur as salmonids such as brook trout demonstrate high phenotypical
plasticity as potentially part of dietary niche exploitation which has been linked to personality.
Behavioral analysis consisted of startle response field boldness testing at the study location,
group feeding boldness, and individual feeding behavior in a simulated stream.
Morphological analysis was performed using facial digitization and principal component
analysis. Results showed that capture method did not select for size, weight or individual
feeding or in-group boldness. Morphological analysis showed that while two facial morphs
made up 47% of facial morphological differences there was no significant difference in facial
morphology. Trapping did select for more bold than shy trout. This study’s findings suggest
that using only trapping will select for more bold trout, but further studies are needed to
understand the population impacts
NÄR DRÖMMEN OM ETT BARN GÅR FÖRLORAT - En litteraturstudie om hur sjuksköterskan kan möta kvinnans behov av omvårdnad vid tidig graviditetsförlust
Get PDFBakgrund: Tidig graviditetsförlust är en vanlig men ofta tabubelagd händelse som kan
medföra djup sorg, skuld och oro hos drabbade kvinnor. De har ofta ett stort behov av
emotionellt stöd, tydlig information och ett empatiskt bemötande från sjuksköterskan. Detta
ställer höga krav på personcentrerad omvårdnad. Syfte: Syftet är att beskriva hur
sjuksköterskan kan möta kvinnans behov av omvårdnad i samband med tidig graviditetsförlust.
Metod: En litteraturstudie genomfördes med utgångspunkt i Fribergs metodik för
litteraturöversikter och baserades på nio kvalitativa studier. Datainsamlingen utfördes genom
systematiska sökningar i databaserna PubMed och CINAHL, med fokus på peer-review artiklar
publicerade efter 2015. Urvalet av studier fokuserade på kvinnors upplevelser samt
sjuksköterskors erfarenheter i samband med tidig graviditetsförlust. Resultat: Resultatet
delades upp i kvinnans och sjuksköterskans perspektiv och mynnade i sex huvudteman;
betydelsen av ett empatiskt bemötande, betydelsen av trygg miljö, betydelsen av
tillfredställande information, sjuksköterskans stöd till kvinnan, att ge information och
förutsättningar för att ge bra vård. Slutsats: Studien visar att sjuksköterskans omvårdnad
brister i samband med tidig graviditetsförlust då kvinnans behov inte uppfylls på ett
tillfredställande sätt. De huvudsakliga fynden visar att det finns behov av, och utrymme för,
förbättring relaterat till empatiskt bemötande, trygg miljö och tillfredsställande information.
Det råder konsensus mellan sjuksköterskor inom kvinnosjukvården och de drabbade
kvinnorna, att detta är en komplex vårdsituation där det idag inte finns de rätta förutsättningarna
för den omvårdnaden som krävs
GUNS, FUNDS, AND LOBBYISTS Corporate Inside Tactics and Non-Legislative Lobbying of the European Commission
No full textThis thesis attempts to provide insight into a neglected subdomain of interest representation: the strategies and effects of political lobbying by defence industry firms in the European Union (EU). In doing so, it aims to identify the lobbying tactics of the opaque defence industry, and to investigate whether such lobbying efforts are associated with tangible economic benefits provided by EU institutions.
Building on theories of inside lobbying strategies and management theories of social capital, this study highlights meetings between firms and decisionmakers, discerning lobbying tactics of meeting many actors, breadth, from tactics of recurring single-point contact, depth. In both cases, the study expected positive relationships between inside lobbying and funding allocation. To test these hypotheses, this study creates a novel dataset combining firm-level data on funding allocations in the European Defence Fund (EDF) with data on meetings between high-level European Commission officials and firm representatives. Based on this unique dataset, a series of descriptive analyses and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regressions were conducted.
The results demonstrate how inside lobbying in this form in the EU is limited to certain large defence corporations, confirming their dominant role in the European defence industry. Nevertheless, the regressions provide only weak support for the positive relationship between inside lobbying in general and funding allocation. More specific regressions on depth and breadth found no statistically significant support for a relationship. However, the study and the dataset provide ample basis for future, more comprehensive analyses of defence industry lobbying in the EU
Från stockbåtar till klinkbyggda järnåldersskepp
No full textThis work aims to describe the origin of the Nordic clinker-built boats. This is partly done by comparing the preserved archaeological boat material from the Iron Age, in order to see a development line. Some important finds of Iron Age boats are therefore highlighted, but also some boat finds from earlier periods.
Since the boat finds are often incomplete, they need to be supplemented or put into context.
Experimental archaeology can provide answers to how boatbuilding was done, such as working
methods or different technical solutions.
The technique of clinker-built boats gradually emerged in Scandinavia during the Roman Iron Age,
probably starting with learning how to extend log boats
INVESTIGATING POST-FIRE TREE GROWTH AND VEGETATION RECOVERY. A comparison of fire resilience in mixed and coniferous forests
Get PDFClimate change entails risks of more frequent and intense weather events such as droughts, thunderstorms and a prolonged fire season. Forest fires are essential as a natural disturbance that creates variation in distribution of species and ages, as well as reducing competition of nutrients, water and light. Despite the high importance of forest fires, it is in human interest to prevent forest fires in environmental, social and financial aspects. The interests could include maintaining forests as a carbon sink, secure residents and properties in fire areas, as well as protecting forest capital from destruction of forest fires. The risks of uncontrollable destructive forest fires can be reduced by creating more fire resilient forests with the ability to recover from a forest fire, without significant loss. Simultaneously, the desired environmental, social and economic aspects can be fulfilled.
This thesis investigates post-fire growth and vegetation recovery for mixed and coniferous forests, aiming to compare their fire resilience. The study is conducted in the nature reserves Nötberget Södra and Ängrabrännan, in Ljusdal municipality, which experienced a significant forest fire in 2018. Tree-ring width (TRW) of pine and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were analyzed before and after the fire, to assess regrowth and vegetation recovery patterns.
Results indicate that the mixed forest of pine, spruce and birch exhibit a higher fire resilience compared to pure coniferous forests. Specifically, mixed forests showed an earlier and more substantial post-fire TRW regrowth and an ability in vegetation recovery while preventing significant loss. The reason for high fire resilience for mixed forests could be explained by the higher diversity that a mixed forests possess, where different species possess varied tolerances for different climate and weather conditions. Some tree species might withstand drought, while another is less ignitable. In that way, the entire forest population is not at risk of collapse in an extreme weather event or another attack. As discussed in this thesis, it is important to enlighten that all mixed forests do not have a high fire resilience. If tree species with different fire sensitive traits are combined, the risk of ignition in a forest could increase.
This thesis has contributed with more knowledge about fire resilience in mixed and coniferous forests. There are currently knowledge gaps about specific tree species combinations to optimize the forests’ fire resilience and its productivity. Further research is required to meet future challenges regarding climate change and human interests with environmental, social and financial aspects