Tropical Medicine Journal
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The HLA-DR Expression on Monocytes in Acute Dengue Infection
Get PDFIntroduction: Dengue is the most common disease of mosquito-borne infection. According to the World Health Organization, it is estimated that 50 million cases ofdengue infection have been reported annually. Macrophages andmonocyte are thought to play an important role in dengue infection both as primary targets of viral infection and as a source of immunomodulatory cytokines.Whenmonocytes are infectedby dengue viruses, it processed the virus by lyses it and expressed the antigen on its surfacemembrane bind together with HLA class II molecules. HLA-DR-expressing monocytes in acute dengue patientsespecially the intensity is still poorly understood.Measurement of at difference days of infectionwill give an evidence about the role ofmonocytes in dengue pathogenesisObjectives: To observe the kinetics on percentage of HLA-DR expressingmonocytes and themedian of HLA-DR expression intensity in acute dengue infection.Methods: This researchwas an observational type study conducted by cross sectionalmethod towards all the dengue patients in Dr. Sardjito’s General Hospital. Blood samples were drawn from 32 acute dengue infected patients from Day 1 to Day 6th. The HLA-DR expression was measured flow cytometrically using FACS Calibur.Results: The data showed that the mean difference in acute dengue infection from Day 1 to Day 6 is not significant with the p-value larger than 0.05, (p>0.05).Conclusion: The peak level of activated HLA-DR monocyte was at day 2 and then decreasing until day 6. There were no significant changes in percentage of HLA-DR-expressing monocytes from the day 1 to the day 6 and the median intensity of HLA-DR expression in acute dengue infection.Keywords HLA-DR-expressing monocytes, Acute Dengue Infectio
DEVELOPMENT OF A PROTOTYPE OF MALARIA CLINICAL DIAGNOSTIC DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM
Get PDFIntroduction : Malaria is a public health problem that still causes mortality, particularly in high risk population. Kabupaten Nias is one of the malaria endemic areas. Malaria diagnosis is mainly determined according to physical examination, despite the fact that laboratory examination is the gold standard of malaria diagnosis. To help health workers in diagnosing malaria accurately, it is necessary to develop a decision support system for malaria diagnosis.Objectives: To develop a prototype of malaria diagnostic decision support system.Methods: It was a descriptive study with action research design to explore each phase in the development of a prototype of malaria diagnostic decision support system. Participants of the study consisted of 5 general practitioners in RSU Gunungsitoli and 2 nurses in Puskesmas Gunungsitoli.Results: The study created an application model of computer-based malaria diagnostic decision support system designed using PHP programming language and MySQL database. This system worked by entering malaria clinical symptoms into the expert system, and data of symptoms were processed by the expert system to determine diagnosis and medical advice that was useful to assist health staff in making decision.Conclusion: Malaria diagnostic decision support system that had been developed attracted the interest of health workers and help them in diagnosing malaria clinically.Keywords: diagnostic decision support system, prototype, malaria, computer application, Gunungsitol