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Numerical Study of Heat Sink Models Mosquito Hotend on FDM 3D Printer to Determine Heat Transfer Characteristics
Get PDFFused Deposition Modelling 3D printing technology is generally used to print polymer-based materials in the form of filaments. The FDM process begins with the filament entering the liquifier area through the throat using a filament feed mechanism. During this process, clogging often occurs in hotend components because the filament melts before reaching heat block. The clogging phenomenon will result in the filament unable to extrude properly, so that the results are not optimal. In this research, numerical study will be carried out to review the temperature distribution of the Mosquito hotend, as well as the effect of variations in air flow velocity at speeds of 0 m/s, 0.25 m/s, 0.5 m/s, 0.75 m/s, and 1 m/s. Based on the results of the CFD simulation, it was observed that the temperature at the Mosquito hotend is spread asymmetrically. On the heat sink component, the part facing the inlet of the airflow and the farthest point from the heater, has a lower temperature than the opposite side. This causes an asymmetrical temperature distribution during the heat break, so that the filament melting process does not occur evenly, which will result in clogging. In addition, airflow with a faster velocity will provide a better cooling system quality. This happens because the convection coefficient increases with the increase in air velocity, thereby increasing the amount of heat to be dissipated
Connectivity of The Triple Idempotent Graph of Ring Zn
Get PDFLet R be a commutative ring and I(R) denotes a set of all idempotent elements of R. The triple idempotent graph of ring R, denoted by T I(R), is the undirected simple graph with vertex-set in R−{0,1}. Two distinct vertices u and v in T I(Zn) are adjacent if and only if there exists w ∈ R− {0,1} where w ̸= u and w ̸= v such as uv ∈/ I(R), uw ∈/ I(R), vw ∈/ I(R) and uvw ∈ I(R). In this research, we study the connectivity of the triple idempotent graph of ring integer modulo n, denoted by T I(Zn). The result is that the triple idempotent graph of ring Zn is a connected graph if n prime and n ≥ 7
Pemodelan Tingkat Pengangguran Usia Muda di Indonesia Tahun 2015-2021 dengan FEM SUR
Get PDFIndonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan tingkat pengangguran usia muda tertinggi di negara ASEAN. Selain itu, penyumbang tertinggi dari Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka (TPT) di Indonesia tahun 2015-2021 selalu berasal dari golongan penduduk usia muda (15-24 tahun). Padahal pada periode tahun 2020-2030 Indonesia mengalami bonus demografi, maka harus diwaspadai bahwa bonus demografi bisa berubah menjadi bencana demografi apabila pemerintah Indonesia tidak bisa memanfaatkan sumber daya manusia usia produktif. Tingginya tingkat pengangguran usia muda di Indonesia berbeda-beda di setiap wilayah dan dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis variabel-variabel yang memengaruhi tingkat pengangguran usia muda di 34 provinsi Indonesia tahun 2015-2021. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel dengan pendekatan Fixed Effects Model Seemingly Unrelated Regression (FEM SUR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi, indeks harga konsumen (IHK), jumlah penduduk, indeks pembangunan manusia (IPM), dan rata-rata upah berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengangguran usia muda di 34 provinsi Indonesia tahun 2015-2021
Perancangan Komik Digital Kisah R. A. Kartini Sebagai Upaya Membangun Karakter Remaja Perempuan Indonesia Usia 15-18 Tahun
Get PDFAbstrak— Budaya patriarki yang masih ada di kalangan masyarakat dan kurangnya minat perempuan terhadap pendidikan dapat menyebabkan kondisi perempuan Indonesia masih tertinggal dibandingkan dengan laki-laki. Oleh sebab itu diperlukan adanya pendidkan karakter kepada remaja, terutama remaja perempuan. Dengan adanya pendidikan karakter pada remaja perempuan diharapkan dapat menerapkan perubahan nilai-nilai sikap, moral, dan pola berpikir para generasi muda penerus bangsa. Sebagai salah satu upaya untuk membangun karakter remaja perempuan di Indonesia, diperlukan adanya media yang efektif untuk menyampaikan materi pendidikan karakter. Makalah ini meneliti bagaimana cara membuat komik digital kisah R. A. Kartini sebagai upaya membangun karakter untuk remaja usia 15-18 tahun. Dalam perancangan ini metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Sumber data primer didapatkan dari observasi, kuesioner dan wawancara, sedangkan sumber data sekunder melalui studi literatur. Teknik analisis yang digunakan untuk merumuskan data yang telah didapatkan adalah metode Analisis 5W + 1 H, analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Perancangan komik digital ini menghasilkan rancangan komik digital tentang kisah hidup RA Kartini yang diunggah pada platform Line Webtoon. Kedepannya diharakan dengan adanya komik digital ini dapat memberikan inspirasi dan motivasi, kepada remaja perempuan melalui keteladanan sosok R A Kartini, Abstract— The patriarchal culture that still exists in the community and the reduced women’s interest in education can cause the condition of Indonesian women is less advanced compared to men. Therefore, it is necessary to have character education for teenagers, especially teenage girls. With character education in adolescent girls, it is hoped that they will be able to realize changes in the values, attitudes, morals, and mindsets of the younger generation of the nation's successors. As one of the efforts to build the character of teenage girls in Indonesia, it is necessary to have an effective media to convey character education materials. This paper discusses how to design a digital comic about the story of R. A. Kartini as an effort to build character for teenage girls aged 15-18 years. The data collection method used in this design is a qualitative method with primary data sources as well as quantitative. Primary data sources are obtained from observations, questionnaires and interviews, while secondary data sources are through literature studies. The analytical technique used to formulate the data that has been obtained is the method of 5W + 1 H analysis, qualitative descriptive analysis and quantitative descriptive analysis. The design of this digital comic resulted in a digital comic about the life story of R. A. Kartini which was uploaded on the Line Webtoon platform. In the future, it is hoped that this digital comic can provide inspiration and motivation for young girls aged 15-18 years through the example of R A Kartini
Studi Numerik Pengaruh Variasi Coupling Beam Pada Sistem Coupled Steel Plate Shear Wall (CSPSW)
Get PDFCoupled Steel Plate Shear Wall (CSPSW) adalah sistem penahan beban lateral yang efisien yang terdiri dari dua atau beberapa Steel Plate Shear Wall (SPSW) yang saling terhubung pada setiap lantai, CSPSW memiliki kemampuan deformasi kekakuan awal yang tinggi, berperilaku daktail, dan mendisipasi energi yang besar, sehingga cocok menjadi sistem penahan gempa besar. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan validasi numerik dan eksperimental dari Daniel & Larry (2017), serta pemodelan gedung 15 lantai dengan menggunakan sistem Coupled Steel Plate Shear Wall (CSPSW), selain itu membuat 4 model 3 lantai yang dibedakan berdasarkan panjang dan section coupling beam dan dianalisa dengan Finite Element Method (FEM) dengan menggunakan program bantu Abaqus CAE. Hasil analisa sistem CSPSW yaitu berupa kurva histeresis, pola deformasi, kapasitas disipasi energi dan kapasitas gaya geser. Kesimpulan hasil analisa yaitu intermediate coupling beam (CSPSW1-I dan CSPSW2-I) lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan long coupling beam (CSPSW1-L dan CSPSW2-L)
Identifikasi Kuantifikasi Risiko Finansial sebagai Dasar Analisis Value for Money pada Proyek Pembangunan Rumah Susun Tambak Wedi Surabaya
Get PDFLahan di wilayah kota Surabaya semakin terbatas sehingga kesenjangan tercipta antara jumlah rumah kepemilikan yang dibangun dengan yang dibutuhkan. Hal ini mendorong Pemerintah Kota Surabaya untuk menginisiasi pembangunan rumah susun dalam mengatasi adanya keterbatasan lahan serta memenuhi kebutuhan rumah yang layak bagi masyarakat dengan melibatkan partisipan swasta melalui Kerjasama Pemerintah dan Badan Usaha (KPBU). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan identifikasi dan kuantifiasi risiko finansial pada proyek sumah susun dengan metode Probability Impact Matrix (PIM) serta analisis aliran kas. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa risiko yang memiliki penilaian sangat tinggi adalah kenaikan biaya operasional dengan batas minimal persentase penurunan 20% untuk pembiayaan kategori layak
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) using Multivariate Control Chart Hotelling’s T2 with Dimensional Reduction of Factorial Analysis of Mixed Data (FAMD) and Autoencoder
Get PDFTraditional multivariate control charts for network intrusion detection encounter significant challenges including false alarms due to non-conforming network data traffic distributions, limitations in identifying outlier intrusions caused by masking effects, and handling diverse data types. This paper introduces a T2-based multivariate control chart that leverages dimensional reduction techniques using Factor Analysis of Mixed Data (FAMD) and Autoencoder to address these issues. FAMD reduces data with both quantitative and qualitative variables, while Autoencoder focuses on dimensionality reduction for quantitative variables, enhancing multivariate control chart performance. The proposed chart, a modified T2, is compared to conventional T2 with dimensionality reduction through FAMD and Autoencoder. Results from simulating data using UNSW-NB 15 demonstrate T2's superior performance with dimensionality reduction compared to conventional T2. Under various conditions, conventional control chart T achieves 64% accuracy, T2 with FAMD achieves 74%, and T2 with Autoencoder reaches 76%. Notably, T2 with FAMD excels in detecting normal activity as intrusion compared to Autoencoder. This approach holds promise for improving network intrusion detection accuracy, especially in mixed-data environments
Slope Stability for Landslide in Road Preservation Working Packages Ende-Wolowaru and Junction-Kelimutu STA 8+425
Get PDFOn the Ende-Kelimutu national road section at STA 8+425, according to the identification and field survey, the landslide that occurred at this point was caused by high rainfall intensity and geological factors of the slope. As the road supervisor, the Balai Pelaksanaan Jalan Nasional (BPJN) of East Nusa Tenggara has designed a landslide treatment using a combination of cantilever walls and drilled poles. Soil investigation data at STA 8+425 shows that the slope is dominated by sand with N-SPT values above 15 to a depth of 14.45 meters. When making design improvements, a number of rainfall data from several weather observation stations are needed, in order to determine the effect of rainwater infiltration on the landslides that occur. This study aims to determine the influence of rainwater infiltration on the occurrence of landslides at the study site, where the results of the analysis conducted with Geostudio prove the truth. Modeling with the combination of SEEP/W and SLOPE/W, the FS value before the landslide was 2.302 and then decreased to 0.35 during the landslide
The Improvement of Existing Slope Reinforcement System and The Design of Alternative Slope Reinforcements Case Study: Lainea-Awunio Road Section Km 98+050 South Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province
Get PDFThe landslide that occurred on the Lainea-Awunio KM 98+050 national road in South Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi caused a partial collapse on the road and disrupted traffic flow. For this reason, slope rehabilitation has been carried out using the construction of retaining walls. Based on the Geological Map and test results, it was found that the soil at the location has a high soil bearing capacity, but in reality, landslides occur during the rainy season and cracks are found on the slopes, therefore it is necessary to analyze slope stability using a cracked soil approach. In this research, slope stability analysis was analyzed using authentic soil data and with a cracked soil approach, slope stability analysis was analyzed using using the GEO5 auxiliary program and reinforcement planning was calculated using manual calculations. After the analysis, it was discovered that the slope that was initially predicted to be safe (SF>1) turned out to be a collapse (SF<1), and the reinforcement system that had been implemented in the field after being evaluated turned out to be not stable enough and required additional reinforcement. The additional reinforcement is designed using bored piles with a diameter of 1 meter to a depth of 13 meters to increase the safety factor from SF=0,66 to SF=1,60. Meanwhile for slopes without reinforcement bored piles with a diameter of 0,8 meters to a depth of 16 meters was used to increase the safety factor from SF=0,51 to SF=1,65