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SHEAR BEHAVIOUR ANALYSIS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM USING NON-LINEAR FINITE ELEMENT SIMULATION
Get PDFThis paper investigates shear behaviour of reinforced concrete using multi-surface plasticity model. This analysis uses nonlinear finite element simulation using 3D-NLFEA finite element package. The experimental data adopted from the results of experimental test on eighteen beams where nine beams carried out by Bresler and Scordelis in 1963 and similar nine beams carried out by Vecchio and Shim in 2004. The constitutive model for the concrete material which used in this simulation is based on the plasticity-fracture model and considered the tension stiffening effect for the concrete. The result of the numerical simulation latter compared with the experimental test including load-deflection response, cracking pattern, and failure mode. Based on the analysis result, it was found that the load-deflection response shows slightly higher response compared with the experimental result. However, the cracking pattern and failure mode of the beam shows good result which is in compliance with the experimental test
Optimal Control of HIV-1 Spread in Combination with Nutritional Status and ARV-Treatment
Get PDFHIV-1 is a virulent virus, it has the ability to easily spread the virus. This study aims to optimally control the spread of the HIV-1 virus with SIPA (Susceptible-Infection-PreAIDSAIDS) model by using nutritional status and ARV-treatment. Assessment of nutritional status is carried out on people with HIV/AIDS (ODHA). The results showed that the control in the form of nutritional status and ARV-treatment was able to reduce the infected subpopulation. Routine assessment of nutritional status can form balanced nutrition for ODHA. ARV-treatment works by reducing the amount of HIV viral load, so that HIV infection cannot cause disorders of the immune system
Numerical results of Crank-Nicolson scheme on unsteady nano fluid under the effect of Prandtl, Mixed Convection, and Magnetohydrodynamics
Get PDFIn this paper, we are interested in the numerical results on the temperature and velocity profiles over a sphere of unsteady nano fluid by dealing with the effect of Prandtl, mixed convection, and magnetohydrodynamics. We first employ the boundary layer theory to establish the continuity, momentum, and energy equations. We further solve those differential equations numerically by using the finite difference scheme of Crank-Nicolson and Thomas algorithm for the iteration technique. The temperature and velocity profiles are established graphically for the variations of Prandtl, mixed convection, and magnetohydrodynamics. The velocity profile decreases when the variations of Prandtl numbers increase. Moreover, the velocity profiles increase when the variations of mixed convection and magnetohydrodynamics are increased. The temperature profiles are decreased for all variations of Prandtl numbers, mixed convection and magnetohydrodynamics
Perancangan Ulang Halte Bus Pada Kawasan Urban dengan Pendekatan Parametrik Bentuk Belah Ketupat dengan Daun Pegagan (Studi Kasus: Halte Bus City Tour Sarinah)
Get PDFKota Jakarta merupakan kotanya pusat perbelanjaan yang membuat area tersebut memerlukan layanan transportasi, salah satunya Bus City Tour. Oleh sebab itu, area ini harus memiliki fasilitas yang memadai agar dapat menarik para turis untuk berkunjung ke Jakarta, yaitu dengan cara meningkatkan fasilitas halte bus agar pengguna halte merasa aman dan nyaman pada saat berada di Halte bus tersebut. Namun Halte Bus City Tour yang terdapat di Sarinah memiliki desain yang tidak sesuai dengan lingkungan sekitar berupa banyak gedung yang sudah maju dan berkembang. Oleh karena itu, perancangan ulang halte bus ini dilakukan untuk menciptakan halte bus yang sesuai dengan lingkungan sekitar agar menarik para wisatawan untuk berwisata dengan menikmati fasilitas transportasi umum dengan aman dan nyaman. Metode penelitian yang digunakan merupakan metode Parametrik Kualitatif yang mencakup kajian pustaka, observasi, kuesioner, dokumentasi, analisa, dan studi banding serta menggunakan computational design thinking dengan menggunakan metode abstraksi bentuk daun pegagan yang dikombinasikan dengan bentuk belah ketupat yang ada pada Gedung Sarinah. Media yang dipakai berupa software sketchup beserta plug-in nya. Perancangan ini bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan fasilitas dari segi keamanan, kenyamanan dan estetika pada halte serta penelitian juga bisa menjadi sumber pembelajaran dan sebagai acuan studi interior. Sehingga hasil perancangan ulang halte bus dapat memberikan desain halte yang menarik para wisatawan serta dapat berfungsi lebih optimal
Evaluasi Kebijakan, Tindakan, dan Antisipasi Dampak dari Kenaikan Muka Air Laut dan Bencana di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Losari, Kota Makassar sebagai Kota Pesisir
Get PDFSebagai negara kepulauan, beberapa kota di Indonesia memiliki sejarah perkembangan kota yang berasal dari wilayah pesisir. Sebagai salah satu kota pesisir, Kota Makassar memiliki perkembangan yang pesat baik dalam aspek sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya. Kawasan Pantai Losari yang berada di Kota Makassar memiliki kawasan terintegrasi dalam berbagai bidang ekonomi, sosial, dan budaya serta pariwisata. Kota Makassar termasuk dalam Kawasan Perkotaan Mamminasata. Perubahan lingkungan dan bencana laut memiliki dampak yang luar biasa, sehingga perlu dilakukan perawatan potensi laut di masa depan dan layanan ekosistem yang menumbuhkan kebutuhan di pesisir. Sumber daya manusia, IPTEK dan infrastruktur sebagai salah satu aspek penting dalam pengembangan dan pembangunan wilayah yang berbasis kemaritiman dan kebencanaan. Kawasan Pantai Losari memiliki isu permasalahan yakni meningkatnya permukaan air laut yang disebabkan adanya perubahan iklim dan perencanaan mitigasi bencana pada kawasan pesisir pantai losari masih harus ditingkatkan di masa yang akan datang. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kebijakan, tindakan, dan antisipasi dampak dari kenaikan muka air laut dan bencana yang terjadi seperti banjir dan tsunami di Kawasan Pantai Losari di masa yang akan datang. Metode yang digunakan adalah kajian studi literatur dan metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis overlay data spasial. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah kebijakan perencanaan tata ruang khususnya di dalam Kawasan Pantai Losari harus lebih mempertimbangkan kawasan rawan bencana, tindakan untuk mengantisipasi terjadinya dampak yang akan terjadi akibat naiknya muka air laut dan bencana diantaranya meninggikan dataran, bangunan berupa tipe rumah 7 dan tipe gedung bertingkat tipe 2, membuat jalur evakuasi dan titik lokasi evakuasi berupa horizontal dan vertikal, serta melakukan sosialisasi dan edukasi kepada masyarakat tentang mitigasi bencana
Efficient Auxiliary Information Based Exponentially Weighted Moving Coefficient of Variation Control Chart using Hybrid Estimator : An Application to Monitor NPK Fertilizer
Get PDFIn this era, manufacturing sectors should ensure the quality of their production process and products. They must reduce the variability that occurs in their operation. Coefficient variation control charts have become important statistical Process Control (SPC) tools for monitoring processes when the process mean linear function with the standard deviation. In recent years, auxiliary information-based-CV control charts using memory type structure have been investigated to enhance the sensitivity of control charts. Auxiliary information is selected when the variable remains stable during the monitoring period. Nevertheless, the AIB statistic is constructed based on lognormal transformation, and no research investigated the memory type CV chart using estimator of AIB-CV from the combination of ratio and regression form called hybrid form. This research proposes a hybrid auxiliary information-based exponentially weighted moving coefficient of variation (Hybrid AIB-EWMCV) control chart for detecting small to moderate shifts in the CV process. The Average Run Length (ARL) simulation shows that increasing the level of correlation and sample sizes enhances the detection ability of the control chart. Also, the proposed chart performs well than existing chart. A real dataset from fertilizer manufacturing is implemented to explain the condition of the process by using a Hybrid AIB-EWMCV control chart
The spatiotemporal variable effects of individuals’ CO2 emission in Bandung Metropolitan Areas
Get PDFMany investigations have been using disaggregated measurements to estimate individuals' CO2 from road passenger transport, especially in developed countries. Nevertheless, similar investigation in developing countries emphasized their focus on aggregate measurements and system dynamics. There is a lack of disaggregated measurement in developing countries, particularly in Indonesia, and how the effects of spatiotemporal variables such as socio-demographic, travel parameters, and activity pattern variables correspond with CO2 estimations. Since Indonesia is dominated by motorcycle users, this study will show motorcycles' contribution to CO2 emissions. The results of 2.23 kg-CO2 per day of individuals’ CO2 emissions in Indonesia is quite low in comparison to results in some developed countries such as the Netherlands and Sweden. It is presumably because around 86.05% of individuals in the observations used private motorcycles to travel and a low number of the undertaken trip in the BMA (Bandung Metropolitan Area). Around 91.39% of CO2 emissions were emitted by individuals who take 80% of using private motorcycles and cars. This study shows that the disaggregated modeling on estimating CO2 emissions might be able to reveal which individuals can be targeted to reduce their CO2 emissions and what can be done to help government policy in reducing CO2. Female part-timer workers, female non-workers, and senior citizens are those who show the lowest contributions to CO2, and providing acknowledgments might make them keep such achievements. Whose daily travel time is below 106 and 125 minutes might be clustered as the targeted group of individuals that can reduce their CO2 production. Incentive schemes such as providing internet vouchers or vouchers to use ride-hailing might help to change their habits to shift some of their trips by taking non-motorized mode, public transport, and/or ride-hailing services. Keeping public amenities at a farther distance might reduce people increase trips and travels by using motorized mode. But increasing the distance might make effects social exclusion, in turn, social health
Editorial
No full textThis JIFAM 4(2) August 2022 publishs 3 papers related to Covid-19 and 2 papers related soil mechanics for infrastructures.The JIFAM Editorial Team express their gratitude to the authors who already submitted their papers for the fourth volume second issue
Green Reduction of Graphene Oxide (GO) from Coconut Shell Using Rose Water in Various Temperature
Get PDFGraphene and its related materials have attracted much interest in various applications regarding its exceptional physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. Reduction of graphene oxide (GO) from natural resources is recognized as one of the promising methods for low-cost and large-scale production of graphene-based materials. However, the reduction of GO is generally involves the application of toxic and poisonous substances. To counter this challenge, the green reduction which employ non-hazardous substances was introduced by numerous researchers. In this research, the green reduction of graphene oxide from coconut shell was investigated using rose water at room temperature, 70, 80, 90, and 100 oC. The prepared GO and green reduced GO (rGO) were characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope - Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and I-V measurement. The low-cost and easy-handle green reduction of GO was obtained by immersing in rose water at room temperature which exhibit carbon to oxygen ratio, C/O of 2.97. Moreover, the effect of oxygenated-functional group to the electrical properties was also strongly discussed
Drying Process Optimization and Efficiency of Aluminum Fluoride (AlF3) Plant
Get PDFAluminum Fluoride (AlF3) is a substantive material used to reduce the melting point temperature of the Aluminum from 1500oC to 600-850oC. The production applies a wet process using raw materials of Fluosilicic Acid and Aluminum Hydroxide with a by-product of Silica Dioxide. In this case, AlF3 products are expected to have a maximum H2O content of 2.6%. However, in the production process, the H2O content reached 3% due to the inoptimum drying process. Therefore, the optimization process was carried out by increasing the dry air temperature of the recycle from stage 2 to stage 1 in the drying process, so that the mass transfer of H2O from AlF3 crystals to the air can be maximized. After the optimization, it was found that the H2O content has met the quality standard of 1.8%