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An in-depth dataset of northwestern European arthropod life histories and ecological traits
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317947.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)17 p
Learning the painful way: The role of pain in psychopathy, decision-making and empathy
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317826.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)Psychopathy is associated with manipulativeness, lack of empathy, impulsivity, and antisocial behavior. Current models suggest that these traits may stem from deficits in learning from punishments. This thesis explored pain sensitivity, learning from painful outcomes and empathy in psychopathy. In Chapter 2, I demonstrated that some personality traits reduce sensitivity to certain types of pain. In Chapters 3 and 4 I showed that people with higher psychopathic traits are less affected by the pain and distress of others because they experience their own emotions and pain less intensely. Finally, in Chapters 5 and 6, I used EEG and computational models to study how people learn from pain and rewards. Those with high psychopathic traits struggled to integrate past experiences and learn from painful outcomes due to reduced pain sensitivity. However, certain psychopathic traits improved learning from tailored rewards. These findings suggest psychopathy might involve a disconnect between learning from rewards and punishments but tailoring rewards may help address some decision-making deficits. Overall, the observed difficulties with pain empathy, pain sensitivity, and learning indicate that people with high psychopathic traits struggle to feel pain, understand others' pain, and learn from painful experiences, both their own and others'.Radboud University, 14 april 2025Promotor : Oosterman, J.M. Co-promotor : Brazil, I.A.267 p
Mitochondrial dysfunction drives a neuronal exhaustion phenotype in methylmalonic aciduria
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317748.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)17 p
Brain Markers of Resilience to Psychosis in High-Risk Individuals: A Systematic Review and Label-Based Meta-Analysis of Multimodal MRI Studies.
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318013.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)Background/Objectives: Most individuals who have a familial or clinical risk of developing psychosis remain free from psychopathology. Identifying neural markers of resilience in these at-risk individuals may help clarify underlying mechanisms and yield novel targets for early intervention. However, in contrast to studies on risk biomarkers, studies on neural markers of resilience to psychosis are scarce. The current study aimed to identify potential brain markers of resilience to psychosis. Methods: A systematic review of the literature yielded a total of 43 MRI studies that reported resilience-associated brain changes in individuals with an elevated risk for psychosis. Label-based meta-analysis was used to synthesize findings across MRI modalities. Results: Resilience-associated brain changes were significantly overreported in the default mode and language network, and among highly connected and central brain regions. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the DMN and language-associated areas and central brain hubs may be hotspots for resilience-associated brain changes. These neural systems are thus of key interest as targets of inquiry and, possibly, intervention in at-risk populations
Comparison of dermal and eschar fibroblasts in full skin equivalents.
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316627.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)Full-thickness burn wounds pose significant problems, demanding specialised therapies to avoid complications and promote recovery. Eschar tissue, which forms in response to severe burns, contains viable fibroblasts, which migrate from the surrounding tissue in response to burn injury and exhibit a myofibroblast phenotype. The goal of this study was to characterise eschar-derived fibroblasts and examine their use for engineered in vitro full skin equivalents in comparison to normal dermal fibroblasts, which were harvested from non-injured skin. Microarray analysis indicated that eschar fibroblasts differ from dermal fibroblasts in various biological processes including inflammation, extracellular matrix formation, cell migration and differentiation. Skin equivalents with eschar fibroblasts showed similarities to those generated using normal dermal fibroblasts in terms of epidermis and dermis formation. However, in contrast to dermal fibroblast-based full skin equivalents, eschar fibroblast-based equivalents exhibited macroscopic contractile behaviour. In addition, eschar fibroblasts-based equivalents demonstrated higher alpha-smooth muscle actin expression on mRNA and protein levels. In conclusion, our findings suggest that eschar fibroblasts-based full skin equivalents hold promise as a platform to study burn wound environments as eschar fibroblasts are clinically more relevant fibroblasts and able to mimic certain aspects of the challenging wound environment in vitro
Gendered life-course trajectories of childcare and informal care in the Netherlands
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318439.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)Unpaid caregiving remains highly gendered both in the context of childcare for young children and informal care provided to ill or ageing family members, friends, or neighbors. Using a life-course framework, this study expands previous research which generally treated these care types as separate life domains, by exploring the variety in caregiving trajectories including both childcare and informal care as integral parts of life courses. In addition to identifying and describing clusters of caregiving trajectories, we examine to what extent these are stratified by gender and education. We use unique retrospective survey data on informal caregiving combined with longitudinal data on childrearing, collected by the LISS Panel in the Netherlands (N = 1631). Using sequence and cluster analysis, we created caregiving trajectories covering up to 50 years of individual life courses and identified six clusters of caregiving trajectories that differed in care-heaviness, based on different combinations of the timing, duration, order, and intensity of care episodes. Our findings indicate path-dependency in care patterns, whereby most individuals who have engaged in unpaid care, provided both childcare and informal care at various points throughout their lives. In addition, while patterns of caregiving over the life course did not differ by gender, women were overrepresented in care-heavier clusters while men were more likely to follow the least care-heavy clusters. Theoretical expectations predicting educational differences based on opportunity costs and normative pressure were not supported. Given the anticipated rise in informal care due to population ageing and welfare state retrenchment, our findings suggest that while both women and men will be increasingly confronted with balancing unpaid care with other commitments, the gender gap in care-heaviness might persist and even widen.24 p
Hormonal biomarkers remain prognostically relevant within the molecular subgroups in endometrial cancer
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312972.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access
Intrinsically Correct Sorting in Cubical Agda
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316735.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)CPP '2
Preface to special issue: EXPRESS/SOS 2019 and EXPRESS/SOS 2020
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316738.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access
Cast-OFF 2: One Week Versus 3-5 Weeks of Plaster Cast Immobilization for Non- or Minimally Displaced Distal Radius Fractures-A Stepped Wedge Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.
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315969.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)OBJECTIVES: Implementation of 1 week of cast immobilization followed by gradually increasing wrist mobilization for non- or minimally displaced distal radius fracture (DRF) and comparison of the functional outcomes and pain scores with the usual care (3-5 weeks of cast immobilization). DESIGN: A randomized stepped wedge cluster design, prospective cohort. SETTING: Academic and peripheral hospitals in levels 1, 2, and 3 trauma centers. PATIENT SELECTION CRITERIA: All patients between 18 and 85 years old with an isolated non- or minimally and nonreduced DRF were eligible for inclusion. Participating hospitals were randomized to transition from usual care (3-5 weeks of cast immobilization) to 1 week of cast immobilization, following the stepped wedge design. OUTCOME MEASURES AND COMPARISONS: Patient characteristics, secondary dislocation, surgical treatment, visual analog scale, Patient Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE), Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Pain Interference, Pain Catastrophizing Scale 4, and patient satisfaction were compared between control and intervention group at weeks 1, 3-5, 6, months 3, 6, and 12. A difference around 11 points on the PRWE scale was considered clinically significant. RESULTS: Four hundred two patients were included (control n = 197 vs. intervention n = 205, 267/135, female/male). There were no differences in age (53.7 ± 18.6 vs. 53.3 ± 19.5, P = 0.27), sex (66% vs. 67% female, P = 0.44), dominant hand fractured (44% vs. 53%, P = 0.39), and type of fracture (39% vs. 41% extra-articular, P = 0.44). After 6 weeks, the PRWE score showed no clinically significant differences (-4.5 [confidence interval -12.9 to 4.02], P = 0.30). No significant differences were observed for function, pain scores, and patient satisfaction between groups (all P > 0.05). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in secondary dislocation rate (control 1.5% vs. intervention 1.0%, P = 0.32) and operation rate (control 1.5% vs. 1.5% intervention, P = 0.92). CONCLUSIONS: This study compared 1 week of cast immobilization followed by gradually increasing wrist mobilization to the usual care of 3-5 weeks for nonreduced DRF. No clinically significant differences in function, pain scores, patient satisfaction, secondary dislocation, and operations were observed. Therefore, 1 week of plaster immobilization can be safely recommended for the non- or minimally displaced and nonreduced DRF treatment. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence