11237 research outputs found
Sort by
The formation of AI capital in higher education: enhancing students’ academic performance and employment rates
No full textThe study evaluates the effectiveness of a 12-week AI module delivered to non-STEM university students in England, aimed at building students' AI Capital, encompassing AI-related knowledge, skills, and capabilities. An integral part of the process involved the development and validation of the AI Capital of Students scale, used to measure AI Capital before and after the educational intervention. The module was delivered on four occasions to final-year students between 2023 and 2024, with follow-up data collected on students' employment status. The findings indicate that AI learning enhances students' AI Capital across all three dimensions. Moreover, AI Capital is positively associated with academic performance in AI-related coursework. However, disparities persist. Although all demographic groups experienced progress, male students, White students, and those with stronger backgrounds in mathematics and empirical methods achieved higher levels of AI Capital and academic success. Furthermore, enhanced AI Capital is associated with higher employment rates six months after graduation. To provide a theoretical foundation for this pedagogical intervention, the study introduces and validates the AI Learning–Capital–Employment Transition model, which conceptualises the pathway from structured AI education to the development of AI Capital and, in turn, to improved employment outcomes. The model integrates pedagogical, empirical and equity-centred perspectives, offering a practical framework for curriculum design and digital inclusion. The study highlights the importance of targeted interventions, inclusive pedagogy, and the integration of AI across curricula, with support tailored to students’ prior academic experience.</p
Open superficial venous arterialization for limb salvage
No full textBackground: Patients with chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI) unsuitable for conventional endovascular or surgical revascularization are treated with major amputation. Superficial venous arterialization (SVA) presents an alternative option. No cases report success beyond 2 years.Methods: Retrospective review of patients undergoing SVA between 2019 and 2023 by 2 surgeons in a regional vascular unit. The primary end point was limb salvage. Presentation, comorbidities, and symptom resolution were recorded. Patients were followed up clinically and with duplex ultrasound.Results: Five patients underwent open lower limb SVA using the Lengua technique. Indications were tissue loss in 4 and severe ischemic rest pain in 1. Median age was 68 (range 50-71) years, 2 were female. Median follow-up was 5 months (range 1-36) with the longest ever reported follow-up at 3 years. Eighty percent were technically successful. Limb salvage rate was 40%, rest pain resolved and wounds healed in both. The other three had amputations - 2 transtibial and 1 transfemoral. Of these, one patient had a functioning graft but no benefit in perfusion or pain and requested amputation.Conclusion: SVA offers an unconventional but simple option for limb salvage for younger, fitter patients with CLTI. Key technical considerations, prerequisite anatomy and reasons for failure are described.</p
The social construction of Queens Park Rangers' greatest season
No full textThis article appraises critical social agents, occurrences and situations related to the performance of one professional football team in a specific season. While in 1975-76 Queens Park Rangers (QPR) were lauded for their entertaining and attractive playing style and overachieved in relation to the club’s history, they fell agonisingly short of winning the top English division. The interpretive institutional ecology approach of Everett Hughes, a prominent sociologist of the second Chicago School, is employed as a frame of reference within which to consider the social construction of this team performance, and Hughesian conceptual tricks of the trade are utilised in analysing key turning points, dilemmas and contradictions of status, and going concerns, featuring in this sociological case study narrative.</p
Unveiling the association between emotional eating and psychosocial health in Spanish adolescents: the EHDLA study
No full textEmotional eating has been associated with several adverse health outcomes, yet research examining its relationship with psychosocial health among adolescents remains limited. The objective of the study was to investigate the association between emotional eating and psychosocial health in Spanish adolescents. Cross-sectional data were collected from 633 participants (56.9% female) aged 12–17 years from all three secondary schools in the Valle de Ricote (Spain), as part of the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) study. Emotional eating was assessed using the Emotional Eating Scale Adapted for Use in Children and Adolescents (EES-C), while psychosocial health was measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). To explore the relationship between emotional eating and psychosocial health, generalised linear models (GLMs) were applied. Results revealed significant associations between higher levels of overall emotional eating (unstandardized beta coefficient [B] = 0.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.02–0.07, p = 0.001) and elevated SDQ scores. Specifically, these associations were evident in response to anger (B = 0.16, 95% CI 0.07–0.25, p = 0.001), anxiety (B = 0.13, 95% CI 0.05–0.21, p = 0.001), restlessness (B = 0.17, 95% CI 0.06–0.29, p = 0.004), and helplessness (B = 0.25, 95% CI 0.06–0.45, p = 0.011). These findings suggest that adolescents who engage in emotional eating may experience greater psychosocial challenges. This study underscores the importance of considering adolescent dietary habits as a crucial aspect in psychosocial health.</p
Global and regional estimates of vaccine-associated herpes zoster and their related vaccines from 1969 to 2023
No full textVaccine-induced immunosuppression can reactivate the varicella-zoster virus, potentially leading to the development of herpes zoster. However, the literature on this topic is inconsistent, resulting in limited clarity. Therefore, we aimed to enhance our understanding of vaccine-associated herpes zoster and establish guidelines for future research, utilizing a global database to improve global public health. We investigated vaccine-associated adverse events in herpes zoster using reports (~ 13 million reports) from the WHO international pharmacovigilance database. Data were analyzed for the global number of reports, reported odds ratios (ROR), and information components (IC) to determine the potential association between 18 vaccines and vaccine-associated herpes zoster reports in nearly 170 countries and territories from 1969 to 2023. Of 7,805,380 vaccine-associated adverse events, there were 51,985 herpes zoster reports. Vaccine-associated herpes zoster showed the highest strength of association with COVID-19 mRNA vaccines (ROR, 11.85 [95% CI, 11.70-12.01]; IC, 2.74 [IC0.25, 2.72]), followed by encephalitis (ROR, 4.07 [95% CI, 3.37–4.92]; IC, 2.00 [IC0.25, 1.68]), influenza (ROR, 3.44 [95% CI, 3.28–3.62]; IC, 1.77 [IC0.25, 1.69]), and ad5-vectored COVID-19 vaccines (ROR, 3.05 [95% CI, 2.97–3.14]; IC, 1.54 [IC0.25, 1.50]). The ROR and IC of vaccine-associated herpes zoster in males (ROR, 7.94 [95% CI, 7.80–8.08]; IC, 2.47 [IC0.25, 2.45]) and females (ROR, 6.71 [95% CI, 6.62–6.80]; IC, 2.30 [IC0.25, 2.28]). The ROR and IC increased with advancing age. Our findings emphasize the need to consider the immune status of vaccine recipients and to implement appropriate compensation and management manuals for vaccine-associated herpes zoster.</p
Honestly exaggerated: howler monkey roars are reliable signals of body size and behaviourally relevant to listeners
No full textNo description supplied</p
Topographic Modeling of Equestrian Surfaces: An Innovative Perspective with Photogrammetric Aerial Survey
No full textThe topographic assessment of equestrian surfaces is essential for controlling the surface mechanical behavior and its biomechanical effects on horses. The use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) emerges as a precise alternative to conventional topographic methods. This study aimed to apply the photogrammetric aerial survey method for the topographic modeling of equestrian surfaces. Thus, a survey was conducted using UAVs on five equestrian surfaces (I, II, III, IV, and V) with mechanical behavior measured through hardness, moisture, grip, depth, maximum drilling depth (MDP), and composition. The data were analyzed for normality using the Shapiro-Wilk test, homogeneity of variance using the F-test for two samples and Bartlett's test, with means compared by the Tukey test and paired T-test (P < 0.05). To quantify the effect of topography on the surface, Principal Component Analysis was used. The results demonstrate that there are differences (P < 0.05) in slope and morphology in the longitudinal and transverse measurement directions among the equestrian surfaces, as well as between the measurement directions. The observed differences result from construction processes, geographical characteristics, and soil composition. However, surface I exhibits functional slope and morphology indices for a non-constructed environment, while surface V demonstrates effective slope parameters for surfaces with a constructed base. Topography accounted for 17.86% of the total variation found. For future studies, it is recommended to investigate the effects of animal load, focusing on thehorse-hoof-surface interaction using the photogrammetric aerial survey method</p
Britain and Ireland from the Treaty to the Troubles Independence and Interdependence, C. 1921-1973
No full textUsing extensive and fresh archival material, this book places the relationship between the United Kingdom and Ireland after 1921 in a new light, encouraging us to rethink the dominant narrative of conflict and strife. While the work does not shy away from the clear points of dispute, it contends that these were far from the full story.Clearly, partition and the Troubles seen from the late 1960s onwards cast a long shadow, but disputes over Northern Ireland must be placed alongside those successes seen elsewhere. Unpacking a variety of topics including trade, tourism, the treatment of tuberculosis, and migration, this work covers new ground in social and political history. It balances an analysis of high politics – Cosgrave and de Valera on the one side and Baldwin and Attlee on the other – with the actions of ordinary people – nurses, doctors, sports fans, and labourers. The British–Irish story is also placed in a wider context through comparison with both countries’ dealings with America and an outline of their coordinated entry into the European Economic Community.This study will be an ideal resource to both students and all those wishing to consider and re-examine the fate of the United Kingdom, Ireland, and the British Empire.</p
Prevalence of Mpox Vaccine Acceptance Among Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textBackground: Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, is a re-emerging viral disease. Vaccine acceptance is crucial for preventing its spread. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the acceptance of the Mpox vaccine among student populations. Methods: We searched electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase, up to 14 September 2024. The studies included were observational, such as cross-sectional and cohort studies, and specifically assessed vaccine acceptance for Mpox vaccines among students. R version 4.4 was used to perform the meta-analysis, and sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of the findings. The publication bias was evaluated using Doi plots. Results: Of the 143 studies initially identified, eight studies were included in the final analysis, comprising a total of 16,129 participants. The overall vaccine acceptance rate was 58.6%, with considerable variability across studies (I2 = 100%). The sensitivity analyses indicated that acceptance rates ranged between 45% and 70%. The Doi plot demonstrated the presence of moderate publication bias. Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis shows moderate acceptance of the Mpox vaccine among students. Future studies should investigate the factors influencing vaccine acceptance and design targeted strategies to improve coverage, which will be essential for controlling Mpox and ensuring successful vaccination campaigns.</p
Let's Go Fly the Kite
No full textDesign is everywhere—woven into the fabric of our daily lives, shaping everything from the products we use to the environments we navigate. Yet, much of this design follows a linear, extractive model that prioritizes efficiency over sustainability, accessibility, and shared value. The Distributed Design Platform has long challenged this paradigm, advocating for alternative ways of thinking and making that are more inclusive, regenerative, and community-driven.We are thrilled to announce the launch of Driving Design Vol. 3, the latest in our series of publications that capture the ongoing evolution of Distributed Design. This volume serves as a living archive, offering a dynamic collection of essays, conversations, zines, and visual explorations that critically examine the (re)distribution of making, knowledge, value, and power.Through the voices of designers, makers, and thinkers from across our global network, Driving Design Vol. 3 is more than just a reflection—it is a call to action. We invite you to explore how design can be reimagined, reconfigured, and redistributed for a more equitable and sustainable future.</p
Data sources:
Access Repository Dashboard
Do you manage Open Research Online? Become a CORE Member to access insider analytics, issue reports and manage access to outputs from your repository in the CORE Repository Dashboard! 👇