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Temporal trends and patterns in suicidal ideation among adolescents in 23 countries from 2003 to 2021
No full textAlthough suicidal ideation is a significant issue among adolescents, previous studies have largely relied on cross-sectional data collected at a single time point or have been limited to individual countries, providing limited insight into temporal trends across diverse populations. Therefore, we aimed to examine temporal trends in suicidal ideation among adolescents across 23 countries. We analyzed data from the Global School-Based Student Health Survey (2003–2021), which included adolescents aged 13–15 years in 23 countries. Each participant participated in multiple surveys, and survey years varied by country. Prior to trend estimation, we compared linear and quadratic fits where more than three surveys were available to identify near-linear patterns. Temporal trend was quantified as the average annual percentage change (AAPC), which was calculated by weighted log-linear regression on the log prevalence rates of the survey years, applied separately to boys and girls. The study analyzed 185,941 school-attending adolescents (46.45% male) across 23 countries. The prevalence of suicidal ideation showed significant upward trends in six countries: Myanmar (AAPC, 32.04%/year; 2007–2016), Guyana (AAPC, 8.88%/year; 2010–2014), Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (AAPC, 3.87%/year; 2007–2018), Mongolia (AAPC, 3.67%/year; 2010–2013), Bolivia (AAPC, 3.02%/year; 2012–2018), and Seychelles (AAPC, 2.54%/year; 2007–2015). Conversely, five countries exhibited significant declines, including Benin (AAPC, -8.60%/year; 2009–2016), Kuwait (AAPC, -6.40%/year; 2011–2015), and the Maldives (AAPC, -4.33%/year; 2009–2014). Sex-specific differences in trends were nominally significant (p<0.05) in six countries—Benin, Kuwait, Argentina, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Thailand, and Guyana— but only two (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Thailand) remained statistically significant after Bonferroni correction. In five of these countries (excluding Guyana), girls exhibited more unfavorable patterns, showing either a greater increase or a smaller decrease in suicidal ideation compared to boys. This study highlights divergent trends in adolescent suicidal ideation across 23 countries, with rising prevalence in some regions and notable sex differences. The findings underscore the need for continued surveillance and context-specific mental health interventions.</p
Illusory ownership of one's younger face facilitates access to childhood episodic autobiographical memories
No full textOur autobiographical memories reflect our personal experiences at specific times in our lives. All life events are experienced while we inhabit our body, raising the question of whether a representation of our bodily self is inherent in our memories. Here we explored this possibility by investigating if the retrieval of childhood autobiographical memories would be influenced by a body illusion that gives participants the experience of ownership for a ‘child version’ of their own face. 50 neurologically healthy adults were tested in an online enfacement illusion study. Feelings of ownership and agency for the face were greater during conditions with visuo-motor synchrony than asynchronous conditions. Critically, participants who enfaced (embodied) their child-like face recollected more childhood episodic memory details than those who enfaced their adult face. No effects on autobiographical semantic memory recollection were found. This finding indicates that there is an interaction between the bodily self and autobiographical memory, showing that temporary changes to the representation and experience of the bodily self impacts access to memory.</p
Branding with purpose: corporate reputation, CSR, and SDGs in advertising
No full textIn the realm of advertising, the convergence of corporate reputation, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has emerged as a transformative framework through which brands communicate their values, ethos, and commitment to societal and environmental stewardship. This integration is increasingly vital in an era where consumers evaluate brands not only by the quality of their products but also by the ethical footprint of their actions and communications (Fernandes, Guzman, and Mota 2024; Singh et al. 2024). Advertising now functions as a moral and managerial interface between corporations and society, an arena where ethical intent, corporate authenticity, and consumer perception intersect (Lee et al. 2024; Pimentel et al. 2025).</p
Unlocking innovation in SMEs with a contingent approach: how does leadership ambidexterity promote organizational ambidexterity and innovation performance?
No full textWith the burgeoning concepts of organizational ambidexterity and ambidextrous leadership, this research intends to understand how entrepreneurial firms like small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with resource constraints leverage leadership ambidexterity to achieve organizational ambidexterity, the simultaneous pursuit of exploration and exploitation, and improve product innovation performance. Using a contingency approach, this research draws upon the opportunity-based entrepreneurship theory and proposes that individual-level entrepreneur's leadership ambidexterity, a simultaneous engagement of transformational and transactional leadership, can serve as a viable micro-foundation driver for SMEs to achieve firm-level organizational ambidexterity and subsequent innovation performance. Nevertheless, the effect of leadership ambidexterity on organizational ambidexterity depends upon the firm's entrepreneurial resource allocation strategies, such as resource orientation and reward philosophy. By adopting a two-informant survey approach, the data from a sample of 151 SMEs from manufacturing industries in China was collected. Results confirmed the positive links between leadership ambidexterity, organizational ambidexterity and product innovation performance. The positive effect of leadership ambidexterity on organizational ambidexterity remained consistent across different levels of resource orientation, but the positive impact diminished with an increased emphasis on value-based reward philosophy.</p
Global incidence and prevalence of trigeminal neuralgia, 1945-2024: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textNo description supplied</p
The association between existing health conditions and adverse events from Botulinum toxins: findings from a UK cross-sectional survey in 2024
No full textBackground: There is growing demand for Botulinum toxin (BoNT) injections in the UK. However, there is a scarcity of research in relation to associations between medical conditions and BoNT adverse events.Objectives: To investigate cross-sectional associations between existing medical conditions and the likelihood of adverse events in a large sample of UK BoNT users.Methods: A cross-sectional observational survey on individuals’ (≥18 years) experiences and adverse events with cosmetic BoNT injections. Data were collected on participants age, gender, existing health conditions, acute and long-term adverse events following BoNT treatment. To investigate the association between pre-existing physical conditions and the occurrence of post-BoNT adverse effects, multivariable logistic regression models were performed.Results: 919 participants who received BoNT were included in the analysis. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that several pre-existing physical and psychiatric conditions were significantly associated with increased odds of specific post-BoNT adverse effects. Notably, individuals with skin disease (odds ratio [OR] 22.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.64–132.03, p=0.001), type 1 diabetes mellitus (OR 110.34, 95% CI 3.85–3381.06, p=0.002), chronic migraine (OR 7.69, 95% CI 1.84–27.61, p=0.003), and thyroid disorders (OR 6.18, 95% CI 1.27–23.44, p=0.012) demonstrated significantly higher odds of developing nausea following BoNT administration. Multiple other significant associations were found between numerous existing health conditions and numerous adverse events.Conclusions: This study found that autoimmune, endocrine, neurological, and mental health comorbidities significantly increase the likelihood of adverse outcomes, ranging from bruising and ptosis to mood disturbance, neuromuscular weakness, and apparent treatment failure.</p
MIQE 2.0: revision of the minimum information for publication of quantitative real-time PCR experiments guidelines
No full textBackground: In 2009, the Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real-Time PCR Experiments (MIQE) guidelines established standards for the design, execution, and reporting of quantitative PCR (qPCR) in research. The expansion of qPCR into numerous new domains has driven the development of new reagents, methods, consumables, and instruments, requiring revisions to best practices that are tailored to the evolving complexities of contemporary qPCR applications. Content: Transparent, clear, and comprehensive description and reporting of all experimental details are necessary to ensure the repeatability and reproducibility of qPCR results. These revised MIQE guidelines reflect recent advances in qPCR technology, offering clear recommendations for sample handling, assay design, and validation, along with guidance on qPCR data analysis. Instrument manufacturers are encouraged to enable the export of raw data to facilitate thorough analyses and re-evaluation by manuscript reviewers and interested researchers. The guidelines emphasize that quantification cycle (Cq) values should be converted into efficiency-corrected target quantities and reported with prediction intervals, along with detection limits and dynamic ranges for each target, based on the chosen quantification method. Additionally, best practices for normalization and quality control are outlined and reporting requirements have been clarified and streamlined. The aim is to encourage researchers to provide all necessary information without undue burden, thereby promoting more rigorous and reproducible qPCR research. Summary: Building on the collaborative efforts of an international team of researchers, we present updates, simplifications, and new recommendations to the original MIQE guidelines, designed to maintain their relevance and applicability in the context of emerging technologies and evolving qPCR applications.</p
Art and Care, study day (resumed), Cambridge Festival
No full textIncluding a series of thematic conversations across care ethics and arts, considers how we can look at the world from new, acquired critical, creative and poetic perspectives. The event aims to collect, share and learn from best practices from the perspectives of creative research and care ethics, in physical and digital realms.</p
M&S cyberattacks used a little-known but dangerous technique – and anyone could be vulnerable
No full textThe cyberattack that has targeted Marks & Spencer’s (M&S) is the latest in a growing wave of cases involving something called sim-swap fraud. While the full technical details remain under investigation, a report in the Times suggests that cyber attackers used this method to access M&S internal systems, possibly by taking control of an employee’s mobile number and convincing IT staff to reset critical login credentials...</p
An International, Expert-based, Multispecialty Delphi Consensus Document on Stroke Risk Stratification and the Optimal Management of Patients with Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis
No full textOBJECTIVE: The optimal management of patients with asymptomatic (AsxCS) and symptomatic (SxCS) carotid stenosis is controversial and includes intensive medical management (i.e., best medical therapy [BMT]) with/without an additional carotid revascularization procedure (i.e., carotid endarterectomy [CEA], transfemoral carotid artery stenting [TFCAS] or TransCarotid Artery Revascularization [TCAR]). The aim of this international, expert-based, multispecialty Delphi Consensus document was to reconcile the conflicting views regarding the optimal management of AsxCS and SxCS patients. METHODS: A three-round Delphi Consensus process was performed including 63 experts from Europe (n=37) and the United States (n=26). A total of 6 different clinical scenarios were identified involving patients with either AsxCS or SxCS. For each scenario, 5 treatment options were available: (i) BMT alone, (ii) BMT plus CEA, (iii) BMT plus TFCAS, (iv) BMT plus TCAR, or (v) BMT plus CEA/TFCAS/TCAR. Differences in treatment preferences between U.S. and European participants were assessed using Fisher's Exact Test, and odds ratios were used to quantify the magnitude and direction of association. Consensus was achieved when >70% of the Delphi Consensus participants agreed on a therapeutic approach. RESULTS: Most participants concurred that BMT alone is not adequate for the management of a 70-year-old fit male or female patient with 80-99% AsxCS (52/63; 82.5% and 45/63; 71.5%, respectively). In contrast, most panelists would opt for BMT alone for an 80-year-old male AsxCS patient with several co-morbidities (48/63; 76.2%). The majority of participants would opt for BMT plus a carotid revascularization procedure for an 80-year-old male SxCS patient with a recent ipsilateral cerebrovascular event, an ipsilateral 70-99% SxCS and a 5-year predicted risk of ipsilateral ischemic event of 10% (54/63; 85.7%), 15% (59/63; 93.6%), or 20% (63/63; 100%). The opinion of U.S.-based participants varied from that of Europe-based respondents in some scenarios. CONCLUSIONS: The panel agreed that BMT alone is insufficient for most patients with SxCS, and that select subgroups of AsxCS patients may also benefit from revascularization, especially when high-risk features are present. Patients should be stratified according to their predicted stroke risk, as well as their individual clinical/anatomical/imaging features and should be treated accordingly.</p
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