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An Eastern Christian theology of the married priesthood and its implications for dialogue with the Latin church
No full textThe ordination of celibate or married priests is among the many traditional differences between Eastern and Latin Catholic Christianity. Although not a principal source of disagreement between them, it is nevertheless a difference with a complicated background. Nevertheless, the divergence between the two traditions has been exacerbated in contemporary presentations of priestly celibacy in Latin Catholicism, according to which celibacy is “ontologically” required of the ministerial priesthood. The Eastern Christian tradition is sometimes labelled an innovation or rupture from the pristine norm of the apostolic tradition. Meanwhile, the Eastern Churches have struggled to formulate a systematic response to these claims, which furthers a situation in which both disciplines cannot be received theologically on a par with one another. In view of the need to address this lacuna, the following thesis will engage with the theological relationship between celibacy, marriage, and the ministerial priesthood in the Eastern and Western Churches. It will provide a summary of the theological backgrounds for a better understanding of the contemporary developments in Latin Catholic theology. Since aspects of this development are problematic for engagement with the Christian East, a theological response is required to account for the practice of ordaining married men to the priesthood in the Eastern Churches. This study will demonstrate that a theology of the married priesthood is possible for the Eastern Churches, grounded firmly upon their own theological and sacramental traditions, especially in a more positive integration of asceticism, marriage, and sexuality into the sacramental experience of the Church. In proposing an Eastern Christian theology of the married priesthood, this study aims to provide a unique and valuable contribution to ongoing ecumenical dialogue between the Orthodox and Catholic Churches, with positive appreciation for the disciplines and traditions of each.</p
Adolescents’ chronotype and its association with obesity-related outcomes: The EHDLA study
No full textObjective: This study aimed to assess associations between chronotype and obesity-related indicators in a sample of Spanish adolescents.
Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from The Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) Study, which included a representative sample of adolescents from Spain. A total of 820 adolescents (54.7% girls) aged 12-17 years were included in the analyses. The adolescents' chronotype was determined using the Morningness/Eveningness Scale in Children. Obesity-related indicators included body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, triceps and medial calf skinfolds, sum of skinfolds, and body fat percentage. Generalized linear models were used to examine the relationship between the Morningness-Eveningness score and chronotype status and the above-mentioned obesity-related indicators in adolescents. All analyses were adjusted for sex, age, socioeconomic status, sleep duration, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and energy intake.
Results: The morningness chronotype was associated with higher abdominal obesity (odds ratio [OR] = 1.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12 to 2.50; p = 0.001), waist-to-height ratio (unstandardized beta coefficient [B] = 0.01, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.05; p = 0.029) and skinfold calves (B = 1.04 95% CI 0.24 to 1.94; p = 0.011), compared with the intermediate chronotype.
Conclusion: Adolescents with a morningness chronotype may be more prone to abdominal obesity than their counterparts with an intermediate chronotype. Effective intervention-related approaches can be applied to those with a morningness chronotype.</p
Trans people, well-being, and labor market outcomes
No full textAcceptance of one’s gender identity and congruence between one’s gender identity and outward appearance are associated with less adverse mental health symptoms, and greater life and job satisfaction. However, trans people are subject to human rights violations, hate crimes, and experience higher unemployment and poverty than the general population. Trans people often feel that they are citizens who are not allowed to be themselves and practice their authentic identity. Many biased treatments of trans people could be attenuated if legal protections and inclusive workplace practices were in place.</p
Emerging Partnerships of SDGs and HRM Practices During the Pandemic: A Study of the Indian IT Industry
No full textPost-pandemic, the world of work has changed, and the pandemic has accelerated the responsible business agenda, representing a huge opportunity for the human-centric approach to HRM to transform the world of work. The drive towards responsible and sustainable business demands a new way of thinking, and the old conventional thinking approach addressing piece-meal solutions is an approach of the past. The human resource management (HRM) practices of multinational corporation (MNC) subsidiaries in India in the IT sector are studied within an institutional theory framework to look at how MNCs operating in India are incorporating the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Applying the tenets of DiMaggio and Powell’s (1983) work, we understand that an MNC subsidiary located in India will be influenced by both potentially contradictory pulls from institutional factors in the local environment and international isomorphic processes. With a qualitative approach and primary data collected via in-depth interviews with 52 HR professionals (including host and subsidiaries) from 8 MNCs, our findings indicate that the subsidiaries based in India are mostly adopting the pattern exhibited by larger organizations in their environment that are viewed as successful (mimetic isomorphism) in implementing the SDGs. There is still a huge scope for improvement in these subsidiaries in terms of investing in people’s capabilities for future sustainable work. The research contributes to the bourgeoning literature on HRM practices and how MNC subsidiaries operate in different contexts and cultural settings in the IT sector.</p
Translation and Psychometric Properties of a Polish Version of the Body Acceptance by Others Scale-2 (BAOS-2)
No full textThe 13-item Body Acceptance by Others Scale-2 (BAOS-2) measures generalised perceptions of body acceptance by others. Here, we examined the psychometric properties of a novel Polish translation of the BAOS-2. A sample of 1,183 adults (898 women, 285 men; age M = 28.98) from Poland completed a Polish version of the BAOS-2, alongside measures of body appreciation, pressure to conform to appearance ideals, self-compassion, self-esteem, and impression management. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis identified a stable unidimensional model of the Polish BAOS-2, with all 13 items retained. Additionally, the Polish BAOS-2 evidenced complete invariance (i.e., through to latent mean invariance) across gender identity. Scores on the BAOS-2 evidenced adequate composite reliability and, in a retest subsample (n = 260), showed complete invariance across four weeks. Evidence of convergent, criterion-related, discriminant, and incremental validity was very strong when based on observed BAOS-2 scores, but weaker when based on latent BAOS-2 scores. Whether examined at the observed or latent level, greater body acceptance by others was consistently and strongly associated with higher body appreciation. These results suggest that the psychometric properties of the Polish BAOS-2 are robust and that this instrument can be confidently utilised in future research with Polish adults.</p
Factors that influence the mental health of bus drivers: A systematic review
No full textObjective: Bus drivers are at risk of ill health due to their job, and specific stressors can lead to physical, psychological, and behavioural outcomes. The driver's state of mind and body has a significant role in how well they operate the bus. The primary objective of this systematic review is to analyse the factors affecting the mental health of drivers around the globe. Methods: The review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidance. APA PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Regional Business News, Business Source Ultimate, CINAHL Ultimate, and SPORT Discus were searched for relevant studies. The initial search returned 102 studies that were subjected to further screening using the inclusion and exclusion criteria and 11 studies were selected for the review. Results: This review identified alcohol and substance abuse, job stress and poor working conditions, occupational factors, driver-passenger communication tension and complex driving environments as the major factors that affect the mental health of bus drivers. Conclusion: The findings of this review will help researchers, governments, policy makers, bus companies and bus drivers’ unions to identify key areas of priority to focus on when considering the mental health of bus drivers. Future studies need to use qualitative method to further explore bus drivers lived experience of mental health issues and more women drivers need to be considered in these studies
The rationale for the use of singing, listening, playing instruments and movement with music for people living with dementia
No full textThis thesis will explore the types of musical activities initiated by music therapists and informal caregivers as well as the musical activities that show possible improvement in specific areas of cognition and behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia.It has been established that there is a lack of knowledge in how music interventions are used for people with dementia (van der Steen, et al., 2018) and that music therapy using a specific treatment protocol resulted in higher efficacy (Livingston et al., 2014).The rationale for the use of various musical activities within music therapy and music interventions for people living with dementia is explored, specifically, singing, listening, playing instruments and movement with music. The study uses a mixed methods research design. Data was collected from 3 sources, a systematic literature review, HOMESIDE, an international music and reading intervention randomised controlled trial (Baker et al., 2019) and a survey of UK music therapists’ practice. The data analysis used non-parametric statistical tests (Field, 2018), inductive content analysis (Elo and Kyngäs, 2008), and reflexive thematic analysis (Braun and Clarke, 2019) to connect the perspectives of researchers, music therapists, informal caregivers and people living with dementia. This research study was conducted as a sub-project of the HOMESIDE study where a large portion of the data is collected from.Findings show that there is a proclivity towards using singing or listening over movement or musical instruments based on, personal preferences of the informal caregivers and music therapists, practical considerations such as access to instruments or an appropriate location, and a belief that the musical activity will best support the person with dementia. Findings also show that certain musical activities may be best used for certain symptoms. In particular, singing is often used to maintain the use of language. Quantitative evidence shows that there is a significant reduction in the severity of nighttime behaviours between baseline and post-intervention timepoints Z=2.5, pIt is recommended that future studies focus on exploring the effect on specific musical activities on specific symptoms of dementia, with the aim to maintain or improve the use of language, reduce unwanted night-time behaviours and reduce irritability. Further research should connect the effects of specific musical activities and the scientific knowledge which may explain why these changes occur. This can identify areas where music therapy could be more targeted to the needs of the person living with dementia considering the need, most appropriate activity to use and the necessary training for informal caregivers and music therapists required for regular intervention.</p
Keynote Lecture: at Romantic Making Conference 2024: Remains, Reuse and Reinventing
No full textHour-long Keynote lecture at the International Association of Romanticism conference. Th lecture examined four Romantic Machines, reuse of scrap materials, circular economies, efficiance and zero emission machinery
Prevalence, predictors and outcomes of self-reported feedback for EMS professionals: a mixed-methods diary study.
No full textBackground: Providing feedback to healthcare professionals and organisations on performance or patient outcomes may improve care quality and professional development, particularly in Emergency Medical Services (EMS) where professionals make autonomous, complex decisions and current feedback provision is limited. This study aimed to determine the content and outcomes of feedback in EMS by measuring feedback prevalence, identifying predictors of receiving feedback, categorising feedback outcomes and determining predictors of feedback efficacy.
Methods: An observational mixed-methods study was used. EMS professionals delivering face-to-face patient care in the United Kingdom’s National Health Service completed a baseline survey and diary entries between March-August 2022. Diary entries were event-contingent and collected when a participant identified they had received feedback. Self-reported data were collected on feedback frequency, environment, characteristics and outcomes. Feedback environment was measured using the Feedback Environment Scale. Feedback outcomes were categorised using hierarchical cluster analysis. Multilevel logistic regression was used to assess which variables predicted feedback receipt and efficacy. Qualitative data were analysed using content analysis.
Results: 299 participants completed baseline surveys and 105 submitted 538 diary entries. 215 (71.9%) participants had received feedback in the last 30 days, with patient outcome feedback the most frequent (n=149, 42.8%). Feedback format was predominantly verbal (n=157, 73.0%) and informal (n=189, 80.4%). Significant predictors for receiving feedback were a paramedic role (aOR 3.04 [1.14, 8.00]), a workplace with a positive feedback-seeking culture (aOR 1.07 [1.04, 1.10]) and white ethnicity (aOR 5.68 [1.01, 29.73]). Feedback outcomes included: personal wellbeing (closure, confidence and job satisfaction), professional development (clinical practice and knowledge) and service outcomes (patient care and patient safety). Feedback-seeking behaviour and higher scores on the Feedback Environment Scale were statistically significant predictors of feedback efficacy. Solicited feedback improved wellbeing (aOR 3.35 [1.68, 6.60]) and professional development (aOR 2.58 [1.10, 5.56]) more than unsolicited feedback.
Conclusion: Feedback for EMS professionals was perceived to improve personal wellbeing, professional development and service outcomes. EMS workplaces need to develop a culture that encourages feedback-seeking to strengthen the impact of feedback for EMS professionals on clinical decision-making and staff wellbeing.</p
Genotypic Variations Associated with Changes in Body Mass in Response to Endurance Training
No full textThis study investigates the extent to which different genotypes can explain changes in body mass following an 8-week running program, in a UK population. Participants were randomly assigned to either a training (n = 17) or control group (n = 21). Participants’ diets were not altered, only the exercise regime was manipulated to isolate effects. The exercise group completed a periodized running program consisting of 20–30 min, over an agreed route, three times per-week, whilst the control groups refrained from daily exercise. Participants were screened at the end of the study for 1,000 gene variants using a DNA test kit. Results demonstrated a significant reduction in body mass, within the exercise, compared to the control group (p = .002). This reduction in body mass varied significantly (p = .024) between individuals within the exercise group. Moreover, genetic analysis identified 17 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with this variation (r2 = .74; p < .001). These findings indicate that individuals with specific alleles are better predisposed to weight-management, compared to their counterparts, following an exercise program. This study helps to bridge the gap between population health and exercise science and can inform research in the application of genetics to help develop individually tailored health interventions.</p
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