Jurnal Pengendalian Hayati
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Pengaruh Pemberian Vermikompos pada Media Tanam Terhadap Efektivitas Gliocladium sp. dalam Mengendalikan Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Semangka (Citrulus vulgaris, Schard)
Full text linkWatermelon is one of the plants that have good prospects and has high economic value, but its production is currently experiencing a decline. Decreased production caused by the pathogen Fusarium oxysporum which causes fusarium wilt disease in plants. losses caused by fusarium wilt attacks reach 20-30%. Utilization of Gliocladium sp. and vermicompost is an alternative step in controlling fusarium wilt. The results showed that the use of Gliocladium sp. and vermicompost can suppress the development of fusarium wilt disease. The use of Gliocladium sp. and vermicompost 250 grams/polybag can suppress the attack of fusarium wilt disease with a percentage of suppression of the incidence of disease by 70% and suppress the severity of the disease by 38.5% compared to controls. and has a control effectiveness value of 73.68% which is categorized very well. The use of Gliocladium sp. and vermicompost also affect plant growth and production
Pengendalian Penyakit Pustul Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines Pada Kedelai Dengan Bacillus spp. Asal Filosfer Gulma di Pertanaman Kedelai
Full text linkSoybean pustule disease by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines (Xag) is one of the important diseases of soybean plant. Application Bacillus spp. origin of weed phyllosphere has a great potential as an alternative to control because it is isolated to origin of same region as Xag is the phyllosphere. Research by Nurcahyanti and Ayu obtained the best five isolates of Bacillus spp. of weeds phyllosphere in soybean cropping in inhibiting Xag in vitro. This study used the complete random draft (RAL) 6 treatment, 4 repeats, each unit consists of 4 plants wich treatment application of 5 isolates of Bacillus spp. namely K = control; A = Bacillus JG 1.3; B = Bacillus JG 3.6; C = Bacillus JG 1.4.1; D = Bacillus BGd 1.1; E = Bacillus Bp 2.2. The results showed that application of Bacillus spp. could inhibit Xag in vitro with bacteriostatic mechanism and isolates Bacillus BGd 1.1 has the greatest inhibition of 14.25 mm. Fifth Bacillus spp. can suppress the development of disease and isolates Bacillus BGd 1.1 has best results with the incubation period during 13 HSI, the severity of disease 10.07%, infection rate 0.045 unit/day as well as the effectiveness of control 85.72%. The fifth isolates of Bacillus spp. can not increase the number of leaves but can increase number of branches and isolates Bacillus JG 1.3, Bacillus JG 1.4.1 and Bacillus BGd 1.1 can increase the height of soybean crop
Uji Alat Augmentasi dan Konservasi Parasitoid Telur Kepik Hijau (Nezara viridula L.) pada Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max L.)
Full text linkSoybean pod damage caused by N. viridula reached 61.37% of the total pods and 61.67% of the total seeds attacked. Efforts were made, namely the application of chemical insecticides made from active chlorpyrifos which can reduce the population of N. viridula to reach 57.4% and the insecticides made from deltamerin which are reducing the population by 51.6%. Control is needed that can reduce the negative effects caused by chemical insecticides, one of which is mechanical control. Mechanical control can be done one of them with augmentation and conservation tools. the research is by taking the eggs of N. viridula in the field and laying the eggs in an augmentation and conservation tool with several treatments of different filter cloth diameters, 0.1 mm; 0.3 mm; 0.2 mm; and 0.6 mm. Observations were made by looking at and counting the number of parasitoids that were able to pass through the filter cloth and those that did not pass through the filter cloth, followed by identification of the species of the parasitoid that was obtained. The results showed that the parasitoids were able to escape in all treatments but with varying amounts. The difference in number can be influenced by the presence of parasitoids in the field and the level of parasitoid parasitation. Likewise with Trichogramma sp also able to pass on all treatments. Therefore, the most suitable treatment is treatment with a 0.1 mm diameter filter cloth. The identified parasites were T. rowani and T. podis
Viabilitas Bacillus sp. Sebagai Agen Antagonis Patogen Tanaman Dalam Formulasi Berbahan Dasar Tepung
Full text linkBacterial biopesticide formulations needed because the use of bacteria in the suspensions can reduce the ability to control disease in plants. Therefore, a bacterial suspension needs to be mobilized in the formula with a carrier (Carrier) to maintain the viability of bacteria. This research uses the formulation of Bacillus sp. made from rice flour, corn, tapioca and talc with the addition of urea, glucose and CMC. Formulation of Bacillus sp. flour based with the addition of urea, glucose and CMC were tested with Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines and Colletotrichum sp. in vitro. The results showed that Bacillus sp. after formulation it is still able to maintain viabiitas and antagonistic power. Viability of Bacillus sp. the best is in the formulation of rice flour at 14 hsi at 4.94 X 1014 cfu / g while the inhibition zone of Bacillus sp. the best is the corn flour formulation of 13.1 mm and the inhibitory capacity of Bacillus sp. the best is in tapioca flour formulation at 42 hsi at 62.89
Induksi Ketahanan Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merril) dengan Cendawan Endofit Trichoderma harzianum dan Beauveria bassiana untuk Menekan Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Batang (Sclerotium rolfsii)
Full text linkSclerotium rolfsii is a pathogen that causes stem rot disease that causes a decrease in soybean production. This stem rot disease can cause damage to all parts of the plant both in the vegetative and generative phases. Proper control is needed to reduce stem rot disease by induction of plant resistance using endophytic fungi such as Trichoderma harzianum and Beauveria bassiana. This experiment used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments that were repeated 5 times, namely P1 = control, P2 = T. harzianum application + S. rolfsii inoculation, P3 = B. bassiana application + S. rolfsii inoculation, and P4 = Combined application (T. harzianum + B. Bassiana) + S. rolfsii inoculation. Based on research that has been done shows that the incubation period and phenol analysis in soybean plants did not significantly affect soybean crop resistance while in the incidence of disease and disease severity showed a very significant effect on soybean crop resistance. In this study the plants that were applied with T. harzianum and B. bassiana were included in the category of resistant to S. rolfsii pathogens, while the control treatment was included in the susceptible category to S. rolfsii pathogens
Potensi Bacillus spp. sebagai Agen Biokontrol untuk Menekan Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Melon (Cucumis melo L.)
Full text linkFusarium wilt caused by F. oxysporum, is a disease that often attacks melon plants. F. oxyporum is a fungus that infects through the roots and clogs vascular vessels in plants and causes plants to wither with necrotic symptoms. Bacillus spp as a biological agent capable of controlling fusarium wilt by antibiotic mechanism. Bacillus spp obtained was then carried out by testing to determine its potential as a biological recognition agent. This research was carried out starting from the isolation of F. oxysporum, isolation and inoculation of Bacillus spp., Gram test, hypersensitivity test using tobacco plants, to calculate the intensity of attacks and analyze. The study was conducted with 5 treatments namely control, F. oxysporum without Bacillus spp., F. oxysporum with isolates BJM4, BJM5, and BJM9. The results showed that BJM5 isolates can suppress fusarium wilt disease with a disease severity value of 23.75%, the lowest compared to all treatments applying Bacillus spp. this was also shown by the results of antagonistic tests on PDA media that BJM5 isolates could suppress F. oxysporum fungi by 0.6 or 60%
Patogenisitas Jamur Entomopatogen Aschersonia sp. Sebagai Pengendalian Hama Kutu Sisik Citricola Coccus pseudomagnoliarium (Kuw.) (Homoptera : Coccidae) Pada Tanaman Jeruk
Full text linkOne of the pests that attack the citrus plant is the scales of the citricola scales Coccus pseudomagnoliarium (Homoptera: Coccidae) which attack the branches and branches of the orange plant. This research aims to determine the level of pathogenicity of Aschersonia sp. in controlling C. pseudomagnoliarium pests in citrus plants. This research was conducted by knowing the level of pathogenicity of Aschersonia sp. in C. pseudomagnoliarium pests based on observations of C. pseudomagnoliarium nymph mortality variables, mycosis, mummification, and LC50 values (Lethal Concentration 50) and LT50 (Lethal Time 50). This research can provide information on the pathogenicity of Aschersonia sp. against C. pseudomagnoliarium in citrus plants. The highest percentage of mortality occurred at the treatment density of 109 spores/ml with a value of 77.50% and the lowest percentage of mortality occurred at the treatment density of 105 spores/ml with a value of 15.00%. LC values indicate that the spores density of 2.8 × 107 spores/ml has been able to kill 50% of the test insects, while to kill 90% of the test insects requires a density of 2.4 × 1010 spores/ml and to kill 95% of the test insects requires a density 1.6 × 1011 spores/ml. The LT50 calculation results show that the 1 × 109 spore density treatment has the smallest LT50 value of 3.11 days
Efektivitas Pelapisan Benih (Seed Coating) Berbahan Aktif Cendawan Antagonis Untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Rebah Kecambah (Damping Off) Kacang Tanah
Full text linkPeanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the strategic commodities in agriculture that is widely used as food and oil preparations. The constraint in the production of peanut is the Slclerotium rolfsii Sacc attack which causes a loss of 40-75%. Alternative control that using the antagonist Trichoderma harzianum with coating techniques. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of T. harzianum with coating techniques in suppressing S. rolfsii and their effect on seed viability. This research was carried out at the Plant Protection Laboratory and at Green House of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember With the research design used a Factorial Complete Randomized Design. Consisting of 2 factors. The result showed that P2W1 (Kaolin and 1-week storage) effectively controlled S. rolfsii with an effectiveness value of 61,7% extending the 12 days after inoculations for incubation period, being able to maintain a better population of biological agents, 30 % severity, 100 % of viability, dry weight 11,74 grams, and 49,98 % or incidence
Aplikasi Herbisida Berbahan Aktif Campuran Atrazin-Mesotrion dan Paraquat dalam Pengendalian Gulma pada Pertanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.)
Full text linkCorn in cultivation is inseparable from several other organism disorder s that can inhibit or reduce that productivity. One of the disorders is caused by weeds. Application of herbicides with active ingredients on the mixture of atrazine-mesotrion, and paraquat which is applied to corn plants has its own effect on corn plants if it is applied not according to the time or recommended dosage. The experimental design used, namely Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with 6 treatments and 4 replications, namely P0 (control or uncontrolled), P1 (manual weeding 21 hst and 42 hst), P2 (Application of atrazine a nd mesotrione dose of 1.5 l / ha 21 hst), P3 (Application of paraquat dose 1 l / ha 21 hst), P4 (Application of atrazine and mesotrione dosage 1.5 l / ha 21 hst and 42 hst), P5 (Application of paraquat dose 1 l / ha 21 hst and 42 hst). The results showed that the use of herbicides with active ingredients atrazine, mesotrione, and paraquat had been able to effectively reduce the biomass of broad-leaf weeds and grasses. The use of the paraquat active ingredient applied at 21 hst showed the highest phytotoxicity symptoms in weeds and in maize plants. The use of two active ingredients of herbicide, manual weeding and control had no effect on plant height, growth rate, cob length, ear circumference, and had effect on shell weight
Pemanfaatan Deleterious rhizobacteria Untuk Mengendalikan Gulma Utama Tanaman Padi di Kabupaten Jember
Full text linkThe purpose of the study was to determine the characteristics of plant pathogens from Deleterious rhizobacteria (DRB) that have the potential as biological control agents in the main weeds of rice plants. This research was conducted in April-August 2019 at the Plant Protection Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember. Rhizobacteria sampling was taken from rice fields in Mayang District. Weed sampling technique is done by purposive randomized sampling. The collections of pathogen-infected weeds are then isolated using laminar airflow and identified through several test stages. DRB exploration results obtained by two microorganisms that can be used as biological control to control the main weeds of rice plants from the Pseudomonas group, they are P. syringae pv. glycinea (M1) and P. syringae pv. syringae (M2). Based on the identification of the two isolates morphologically that (M1) has a greenish-white color with a flat edge type. Whereas the isolate code (M2) has a yellowish murky white color with a rather irregular jagged edge type. However, the two isolates have similarities in spherical shape. The physiological observations of both M1 and M2 isolate from the Catalase test, fluorescent pigments produce gram-positive (+) while gram tests produce gram-negative (-). The conclusion of this research is the characterization of P. syringae pv. glycinea (M1) and P. syringae pv. syringae (M2) both morphologically and physiologically