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Prevalence and Measures for Curbing Ponzi Schemes in Public Tertiary Institutions in Nigeria
No full textThe Nigerian business space is witnessing an upsurge in unregulated investment proposals that are promising unreasonable returns on investment. This paper examined prevalence and measures for curbing Ponzi schemes in Public tertiary institutions in Nigeria. Rationale choice theory, and mixed methods research design were employed. The study population was sixty-eight thousand, three hundred and fifty (68,350), while the sample size was one thousand and ninety-three (1,093) undergraduates. Multi-stage and purposive sampling techniques were used in selecting study participants. Data were generated using structured questionnaire and in-depth interviews (IDI) guide. Through the aid of SPSS quantitative data were processed and analysed using frequency distribution, percentages, graphic illustration and chi-square (x2) inferential statistics, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically. The findings revealed that undergraduates involve in Ponzi schemes and greater proportion of them have had up to 5 years of involvement. The study also showed that between 50% to 70% of the students had invested in a Ponzi scheme. It again indicated that money they invested in Ponzi schemes was very much. This paper concludes that there is prevalence of Ponzi schemes in public tertiary institutions, and that undergraduates spent significant part of their academic years gambling in those schemes. Therefore, it recommended amongst others that, financial crimes monitoring commissions and agencies in the country should intensify their efforts in the fight against fraud by deploying technology in tracking and clamping down Ponzi schemes once they are floated. This approach will give them no chance to spread to the public domain
Democracy and Stiffened Media Freedom in Nigeria
Get PDFThe world over, media freedom is an essential pillar of democracy. A sacred institution that is responsible for informing the citizens of the successes and failures of government, the articulator of the people’s needs and desires to the government, and the provider of a platform for the open exchange of information and ideas. The media promotes change, informs and educates the public, and also persuades and entertains the masses on a variety of issues. The media is essential in promoting good governance, especially in a democratic setting. The media can contribute a lot to improving the government’s accountability, transparency, rule of law, more efficient markets, and a more informed society. However, reality has revealed a huge gap between the theory of ideal democratic principles that recognise media freedom and the praxis of non-interference in the delivery of the mandate of the media profession in Nigeria. Every passing day, the stiffening of the freedom of the media is felt by the citizens in different forms, including but not limited to: restriction of access to platforms to disseminate and receive information; unwarranted media regulations; harassment and intimidation of journalists, among others. This paper, therefore, sets out to examine and critically analyse the role of the mass media in promoting good governance in Nigeria. The paper determines the extent to which the media, whether print, electronic, or the new media, can be used to promote good governance in Nigeria in this present political dispensation and also provides some recommendations on how best to use the media to make the government accountable to the citizens. The paper therefore recommends that the Nigerian government should allow the media to operate without any form of unjust restraint, as they are the watchdogs of every society. They constantly monitor political, socio-cultural, and economic trends and report back to society
Gandhian School of Educational Thought
Get PDFIn the changing global scenario, the main aim of education is to help people develop themselves as global and local responsible citizens who will make conscientious efforts for building a humane world with peace and harmony. The focus of education should be the development of values of peace and harmony based on the human mindset: human rights, mutual respect, mutual trust, cooperation, respect for life, social justice, open-mindedness, and co-existence. Keeping this in mind, it is necessary to reorient and restructure the education programme to include education for peace and harmony. The essence of this work is to expose the Gandhian school of educational thought. This work argues that trusteeship is a unique socio-economic doctrine of Gandhi; however, it has not received the serious attention of social scientists. This study examines trusteeship from a holistic perspective, which is an approach favoured by Gandhi. It highlights the theoretical and practical aspects of trusteeship and examines its present-day relevance
Cosmocentric and Deep Ecology Movement: An Extreme Web of Valuing Nature
Get PDFThe core concern in environmental ethics is non-anthropocentrism, and the pursuit of environmental justice would be an unproductive endeavour without addressing this concept. The feasibility of non-anthropocentrism, strictly defined, poses a significant challenge. The consideration of the Deep Ecology movement, without engaging in circular reasoning, allows for the contemplation of non-anthropocentrism. However, it is widely speculated that the implementation of a Deep Ecology initiative is a plausible option. The philosophical framework of deep ecology is characterised as having metaphysical underpinnings. Environmental ethics are inherently practical and have real-world applications. However, the subject matter of environmental ethics has transitioned from the metaphysical realm. A major issue that ensues pertains to the potential incongruity between the Deep Ecology movement, which can be characterised as a metaphysical or ontological theoretical framework that is non-anthropocentric in its nature, and environmental ethics, which is primarily concerned with practical and applied aspects. Given the metaphysical nature of deep ecology, the question arises as to how it aligns with practical or applied ethics. Numerous scholars believe that, within the realm of environmental ethics, deep ecology, or cosmocentrism, lacks substantial pertinence. Cosmocentrism can be characterised as having metaphysical or ontological foundations. This study aims to investigate the concept of cosmocentrism as a fundamental aspect of promoting environmental justice. The term “extreme” is applicable in this context since it delineates the boundaries of environmental ethics.
Efficacy of Leases and Tenancies in Nigeria
Get PDFThe objective of this study is to examine the effectiveness of leases and tenancies in Nigeria while analysing the associated challenges and potential avenues for enhancing the lessor-lessee and landlord-tenant relationships. Both leases and tenancies are forms of land ownership. While the phrases “leases” and “tenancies” are often used interchangeably, it is important to note that they do not strictly adhere to the same definition. Leases typically include a greater level of interest, while tenancies tend to have a shorter length. The legal meaning of a lease agreement is that the lessor maintains ownership, while in an assignment, the seller only conveys possession or occupancy. It is important to note that the Land Use Act did not eliminate the notion of leases and tenancies. Despite the presence of the Land Use Act (LUA), tenancy agreements continue to be regularly established in Nigeria since the legislation does not prohibit the conveyance of land or its subsequent development. It is important to underscore that, in addition to the Western and Midwestern states, which were the first adopters of the Landlord and Tenant Laws, primarily influenced by the English Landlord and Tenant Act of 1927, other states in Nigeria have since passed their own Landlord and Tenant Laws. This study posits that the performance and operation of leases and tenancies in Nigeria are suboptimal. The changes outlined in this paper have the potential to significantly mitigate these difficulties and provide opportunities for more efficient, effective, and enhanced leasing and tenancy practices in Nigeria. This article posits the need to enhance the institutional and legal frameworks governing leases and tenancies in Nigeria in order to provide adequate protection for both lessors and lessees.
Gandhian Perspective of Development
Get PDFWe are living in an age in which the major concerns of people are Facebook, WhatsApp, e-mail, e-commerce, sensex, gross domestic product, markets, dividends, globalisation, horse-trade politics, and such other aspects of commerce, economics, development, and politics. In such a stage, where does the value-based development, purity of means and ends, production by the masses instead of mass production, truth, non-violence, non-possession, gender equality, austerity in life, etc. preached by our Father of the Nation, Mahatma Gandhi, stand? The world has changed drastically in its inner and outer spheres; the life rhythm has turned totally in its core. In such a time, the ideals of Gandhian teaching seem ‘utopian’ and superficial to the new-gen, high-tech civilised individuals and groups. This work contains a detailed study of the prevalent development strategies and their drawbacks and lapses that make the situation more aggravating. It also analyses the Gandhian prescriptions for development and their significance in the modern world
Ecotourism: A Mechanism for Sustainable Tourism Development
Get PDFAn increasing number of studies around the world have stressed that "ecotourism’ is an appropriate form of tourism development that meets several indicators of sustainable tourism development. In order to analyse the aptness of ecotourism, which brings a balance between tourism and sustainable tourism development, an attempt is made to answer the following research question through this work: Does ecotourism, an ideal form of tourism development, satisfy sustainable tourism indicator areas? The research question is answered through comparative case studies. Furthermore, in order to understand to what extent or degree the ecotourism attributes agree with the sustainable tourism indicators, a total of 10 case studies were chosen for this purpose. Some random papers were selected between 2003 and 2015, which made up the case studies from different geographical region of the world. Thus, this paper made use of the method of textual analysis to carry out this research. The results of the case studies indicate that ecotourism meets the sustainable tourism indicators. The three areas used to ascertain the foregoing are: (1) sustainable tourism indicator areas; (2) ecotourism attributes; and (3) ecotourism case studies
Environmental Law Enforcement: A Reevaluation
No full textEnvironmental deterioration has continued to pose severe difficulties for Nigeria's health and economic growth. Deforestation, pollution, global warming, and inappropriate pesticide use are a few of these issues. Nigeria appears to be in a degenerative state despite environmental laws and policies aimed at improving these issues since these regulations are not properly implemented. This essay examines how several Nigerian enforcement organisations apply environmental regulations, the strategies they employ, and the difficulties they have in upholding the pertinent legislation. The low-level environmental protection provisions in the constitution, the roles and disputes in environmental management, the courts' excessive commitment to legalism, and the lack of information disclosure requirements are some of these difficulties. Therefore, the legislative goals are not met because of the following: insufficient punishment for noncompliance; insufficient time between noncompliance and enforcement; inadequate compensation for injured parties; and administrative rather than criminal or remedial measures for certain environmental crimes. The report promotes the formation of environmental courts, the emergence of environmental crises, the development of processes to increase public engagement in Nigerian environmental protection, and the encouragement of litigation in the public and private interest
A Non-anthropocentrism Approach to Environmental Ethics: A Theological Worldview
Get PDFThe discussion regarding non-anthropocentrism as the most amicable solution to the current environmental crisis will be incomplete if scholars fail to include the issue of restoring man’s lost spirituality. Due to the dominance of the concept of man’s conquest of nature (anthropocentrism), which has led to an unprecedented rate of scientific and technological development in an attempt to artificialize the natural environment, the spiritual connection between man and nature has been severed. Modern quantitative science’s lack of a metaphysical foundation is said to destroy the spiritual connection between man and nature. This paradoxical situation necessitates the revival of eco-spirituality, which echoes ancient religions such as Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and others. The goal of this paper is to investigate a second-order method of combating environmental degradation. This “second order” within the preview of eco-spirituality and non-anthropocentricism includes ancient religions such as Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Christianity, and Islam. Further, the “second order,” under the label of “anthropocentrism,” is opposed to scientism, materialism, individualism, and extinctionism. This work submits that the universal acceptance of the holistic worldview reflected in the ancient religions listed above will aid in the creation of a society free from man’s dominance and exploitation, allowing him to live in peace and harmony with nature. Individuals’ inner minds must be developed in order to effect a change in their attitude toward nature. This requires the cultivation of the ideas inherent in religions. This research is carried out with the philosophical methods of critical and context analysis
Standard Theories of Emotion and the Concept of Intentionality
Get PDFIn traditional Western philosophy, it was widely accepted that emotions could be an obstacle to human rationality when it comes to attempting to gain objective knowledge and truth. One way of understanding emotions is that they may accidentally happen to us; they are a purely non-volitional form of a mental phenomenon. There is the question of whether the study of emotions needs to rely on scientific methods at all. Can emotions be investigated merely through conceptual analysis and introspection? Are emotions only accessed, felt, and even understood from the first-person perspective? If the answer is positive, it indicates that we should have to refute pieces of subpersonal empirical evidence regarding the neurophysiological activities of emotions. This paper concerns the philosophical debate on emotion. I argue that in the history of the philosophy of emotion, the competing theories place themselves either on "cognitive" or "bodily" grounds; both are responsible for the mind-body dichotomy and have their difficulties. The former is what I call the "Orthodox Feeling Theory," which cannot account for the structure of intentionality or the evaluative property of emotions; the latter is the "Strong Cognitive Theory," which ignores the role of the bodily and experiential aspects. Such standard theories are out of date