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Hesperidin increase cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin in MCF-7 cells
No full textHesperidin, a flavonoid, shows strong cytotoxic effect in several cancer cell lines. The aim of this research was to investigate cytotoxic activities of hesperidin alone and in combination with doxorubicin. Cell viability assay of hesperidin, doxorubicin, and combination treatments were carried out by using MTT assay. Apoptosis assay was done using double staining method using Ethidium Bromide-Acridine Orange. Hesperidin did not show cytotoxic effect but doxorubicin showed cytotoxic effect with IC50 467 nM. Hesperidin (5, 50 and 100 µM) increased cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin compared with doxorubicin alone. The strongest cytotoxic activity was showed by the combination of 200 nM doxorubicin and 100 µM hesperidin. Combination treatment of doxorubicin 200 nM and hesperidin 100 µM induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. Hesperidin is potentially to be developed as co-chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer, while molecular mechanism need to be explored. Key words: Hesperidin, doxorubicin, synergism, MCF-7, apoptosi
Freeze drying and calcining hydrotalcite for improving acid neutralizing capacity
No full textAcid neutralizing capacity (ANC) is one of the important factor on effectivity determination of antacid dosage forms. Antacid dosage forms have different values depend on their ANC. The objective of this research was to modified physical and chemical properties of hydrotalcite which can increase its acid neutralization capacity. Hydrotalcite was treated by freeze drying and calcination at different temperature 100, 200, 300, and 500°C. This hydrotalcite was characterized by X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM); and was determined acid neutralization capacity. The results showed that acid neutralization capacity of hydrotalcite increased after it was freeze dried and calcined at 200, 300 and 500 °C. The result of XRD for the hydrotalcite calcined at 200 °C have showed the lower intensity of peaks, whereas the calcination at 300 and 500 °C were disappeared and appeared new peaks at different 2θ.Key words: Acid neutralization capacity, hydrotalcite, calcination, XRD, SE
Synthesis and gastric ulcer protective activity of chlorinated quercetin
Full text linkGastrointestinal toxicity due to non-steroid anti-inflammatory rugs can be inhibited by the compounds that have antioxidant activity. Quercetin is a flavonoid that has antioxidant activity and protection effect against gastric ulcer. Chlorination of quercetin enhanced the antioxidant activity. This study aims to obtain the chlorinated derivative of quercetin and examine the protection effect against acetosal-induced gastric ulcer. Chlorination was done by the addition of chlorine at room temperature. Ulcer induction was carried out on rats by oral administration of acetosal. Incidences of gastric ulcer were determined by macroscopic and microscopic observation. Chlorination of quercetin with chlorine gas produced 6-chloroqueretin as major product. The protection effect against acetosal-induced gastric ulcer of this compound was higher than quercetin. Key words : quercetin, chlorination, gastric ulcer, NSAID
Antibacterial activity and GC-MS analysis of the Citrus amblycarpa (Hassk) Ochse essential oil
Full text linkA research about anti-bacterial activity and components of essential oil from leaves and peels of Citrus amblycarpa have been done.The components of essential oil had been identified by using GC-MS and anti-bacterial activity against S. aureus ATCC 25923 and E. coli ATCC 25922 had been determined with liquid dilution method. The component of essential oilfrom leaves that can be identified are β-pinene, linalool, citronellal, citronellol and geraniol, while from peels are β-pinena, cymene, limonene and citronellal.Oil from the leaves has stronger anti-bacterial activity against S. aureus than from peels. On the other hand oil from peels is stronger anti-bacterial activity against E coli.Key words : Citrus amblycarpa, essential oil, anti-bacterial activity
Modulatory effect of Drosera peltata J.E.Sm on development of metabolic syndrome in tumor bearing mice
Full text linkThe purpose of the study conducted was to know the extent of protection over the cancer associated metabolic syndrome development after administration of ethanol and aqueous extracts of Drocera peltata against Dalton’s ascites lymphoma (DAL) and Ehrlich's Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) bearing mice. Animals were divided into thirteen groups with a normal control, EAC control, DAL control, two groups with standard drug 5-Flurouracil 20mg/kg+ DAL & EAC and eight groups with 250 and 500 mg/kg of ethanol and aqueous extracts of D.peltata + EAC & DAL, for respective cell lines. After 24 hours of both tumor cell inoculation, animals were treated with extracts,once in a day for 14 days continuously. The indicators for the development of metabolic syndrome such as changes in blood glucose, serum hormone and lipid profile were found with both cell line bearing mice. Both ethanol and aqueous extracts of D.peltata at doses of 250 and 500mg/kg significantly reduced the elevated blood glucose, hormonal and lipid profile changes. These results confirmed that ethanol and aqueous extracts can stabilize the tumor induced hormonal, blood glucose and lipid profile changes in tumor bearing mice. This effect might be due to the presence of pharmacologically active phytoconstituents in extracts
Drug Related Problem (DRP) of Dengue Hemorragic Fever (DHF) medication in pediatric patient
No full textEvery year, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is the big problem Indonesian’s government with high incidency and high mortality. It would increased length of stay and high cost. The objectives of this study are to identify drug-related problems in DHF patient include need for additional drug therapy, unnecessary drug therapy, wrong drug, drug interaction, dosage to high, and dosage too low.A prospective study of pediatrics admitted to Pediatric Ward, X Private Hospital Yogyakarta for DHF infections was carried out since February-April 2006. Appropriate descriptive analysis was used.The results showed that unnecessary drug therapy the most drugrelated problems in 22 patient from 65 pediatic patient. The other DRP were dosage too low in 14 patient, dosage too high in 10 patient, wrong drug in 4 patient, and need for additional drug therapy in 2 patient, rescpectively. Antibiotics were the most cause of drug-related problems in DHF patient.Key words : Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF), Drug-Related Problem (DRP), Antibiotic , Hospital
PROTEIN PROFILE AND MDA SPERMATOZOA LEVELS OF HYPERGLYCEMIC MICE FED BY BEAN SPROUTS EXTRACT
Full text linkHyperglycemic conditions lead increased lipid peroxide and MDA which would damage structure and fluidity membrane so that impaired membrane function. Vitamin E on sprouts is an antioxidant that is capable of maintaining the integrity of cell membranes. Twenty eight mice which were grouped into 4 groups: control , P1, P2 and P3. Hyperglycemic treatment is by injecting of monohidrate alloxan dose of 150 mg/kgbw in group (P1, P2 and P3). Preparation and injecting of bean sprouts extract dose of 50 mg/20gbw to P2 and 100 mg/20gbw to P3 on 30 days.Taking of sperm to sperm protein isolation, and then analysis of protein molecular weight, testing MDA TBARS method. Based on the research results of the analysis protein profiles found in the control and P3 to be 8 protein bands is 72, 60, 49, 42, 35, 30, 28, and 23 kDa. While the P1 and P2 protein band 42 kDa are not found. Results of the analysis showed MDA significant different, control group is 2.43 nmol/ml, P1 7.89 nmol/ml, P2 5.19 nmol/ml and P3 3.29 nmol/ml. Concluded that the bean sprouts extract dois 100 mg/20ggw shows a significance influence on recovery protein profiles and MDA levels spermatozoa of hyperglycemic mice.Keywords: Protein profile, MDA, Hyperglycemic, Bean sprout
PHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF IBUPROFEN-STEARIC ACID BINARY MIXTURE DUE TO COMPRESSION FORCE
Full text linkAim of this research is to determine physical characteristic of ibuprofen-stearic acid due to compression force. Binary mixture of ibuprofen-stearic acid with weight ratio of 4:6, 5:5, and 6:4 was compressed under various compression force using hydraulic press with 13mm diameter flat punch.Identification of solid state interaction between these two components was performed by Hot Stage Microscopy (HSM). Physical characterization has been studied byDifferential Thermal Analysis (DTA), X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and (Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. According to hardness measurement, 4:6 weight ratio has the highest tensile strength on 170.6N/cm2 under 19.93kN compression force. Interaction identification by HSM showed single blank line that indicates eutectic formation. Thermal analysis of DTA also revealed eutectic formation upon compression whichthe endotermic peak of ratio of 4:6has the lowest melting temperature of 53.2°C. X-ray diffraction of three peaksgenerally showed that peak intensity decreases as compression force increases, but at particular point it begins to increase again. Sintering phenomenon at the surface of compressed tablet was observed from SEM analysis. FT-IR study confirms the formation of simple eutectic. Key words: ibuprofen, stearic acid, binary mixture, compression force, physical characterizatio
The effect of combination therapy of sulfonylurea, metformin, and acarbose in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Full text linkDiabetes mellitus is a complex disorder that involves multiple pathophysiological defects. As the disease progresses, further functional decline in β-cell is apparent. In most cases, patients on oral antidiabetic therapy will require not only an increase in dose, but also the addition of a second or third oral agent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of triple therapy with sulfonylurea, metformin, and acarbose in patients with poorly controlled glycemia. The study design was a prospective observational study in 49 type 2 diabetic patients followed in Department of Endocrinology RSUP DrSardjito Indonesia from May 2007 to September 2008. Patients with hypertension were included if their blood pressure was well controlled with antihypertensive medication. All patients with documented gastrointestinaldisease were excluded. At baseline and at 3-month intervals, levels of HbA1C, fasting and postprandial plasma glucose, hypoglycemic episodes, and edverse event were evaluated. Fourty nine patients, 22 men and 27 women, aged 62.84 ± 7.85 years, diabetes duration of 11.92 ± 6.09 years were studied. The initial HbA1C level was 8.08 ± 1.89 % which significantly increased to 8.73 ±2.37 % (p<0.05). Only 32.98 % of subjects achieved target value of HbA1C (≤ 7 %). Fasting and post-prandrial plasma glucose values were increased from 160.39 ± 60.25 mg/dL to 170.71 ± 56.60 mg/dL and 210.31 ± 75.88 mg/dL to 218.67 ± 75.03 mg/dL respectively, but not significantly different. Acarbose was more frequently associated with flatulence (46 %) and abdominal bloating(12 %), metformin with flatulence (12 %), nausea (14 %), diarrhea (2 %) and abdominal discomfort (6 %). In conclusion, combination therapy of sulfonylurea,metformin, and acarbose in type 2 diabetic patients with poorly controlled glycemia can cause the additive risk of adverse events.Key words : triple therapy, glycemic control, type 2 diabetes mellitu
Isolation of bacterial pathogen Escherichia coli o157:h7 in seafood samples and detection of flich7 gene by using PCR
No full textEscherichia coli O157:H7 is an important human pathogen causing haemorrhagic colitis, haemolytic-uraemic syndrom and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.In this study, P. pelagicus dan P. merguensis samples were collected from markets in Padang from Sept 2007 until Feb 2008. For isolation of the bacteria, samples were firstly enriched in mEC media, followed by plating onto CHROMAgar 0157 for E.coli O157:H7. Consequently, the suspected colonies were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using primers specific for O157:H7 to detect a fliCH7 gene. Only 15 of them confirmed as E. coliO157:H7 in PCR assay.Key words: Escherichia coli O157:H7, CHROMAgar 0157, fliCH7 gene, PCR