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CITOTOXICITY TEST OF THE PROTEIN FRACTIONS OF CARICA PAPAYA L. LEAVES ON HeLa CELL LINE.
Get PDFPrevious research showed that a RIP like protein from Carica papaya L. leaves was available on 60 – 80% saturation ammonium sulfate fraction. In this research cytotoxicity assay of the protein fractions was carried out on HeLa cell lines.RIP-like protein from Carica papaya L. leaves, isolated leg ammonium sulfat saturation was prepared based on the ability of cleaving double stranded supercoiled DNA. This fraction was then tested its cytotoxicity on HeLa cell lines.The results indicated that fraction at 60% and 80% saturation possessed lower activity with the LC50 of 1,35 mg/ml and 0,936 mg/ml, respectively compared to the crude extracts (LC50 0,623 mg/ml). The higher toxicity level of the crude extract might be caused also by toxicity of other compounds containing in the crude extract.Key word : cytotoxicity, protein fraction, HeLa cell lin
PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER POLY(3-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID) FROM GLUCOSE USING Erwinia sp. USMI-20
Get PDFThe production and characterization of a biodegradable polymer poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid), P(3HB) from glucose as sole carbon source by Erwinia sp. USMI-20 has been carried out. Results showed that Erwinia sp. USMI-20 could produced P(3HB) with a maximum polymer content of 48 % of the dry cell weight, an amount of polymer of 2.8 g/l, a dry cell weight of 5.8 g/l, a maximum specific growth rate of 0.21 h-1. a maximum polymer production rate of 0.02/h, yield YP(3HB)//C of 0.21 g/g, with the optimum fermentation time of 48 hours. The melting temperature (T) and glass transition temperature (Tg) of the P(3HB) were 175 ˚C and 15 ˚C, respectively. The weigh-average molecular weight (Mw) was in the range of 1,000,000 to 1,120,000 D whereas the number-average molecular weight (Mn) was in the range of 420,000 to 580,000 D with the polydispersity index (Mw,Mn) in range of 1.9 to 2.4. Key word: biodegradable polymer, glucose and Erwina sp
SEDATIVE EFFECT OF CLARY SAGE (SALVIA SCLALAREA, L) ON MICE USING AN OLFACTORY AROMATHERAPY
Get PDFA research has been conducted to study the sedative effect of the Clary sage oil (Salvia sclaria, L), using an olfactory aromatherapy method, on male white mice, which have been tested using rotarod, platform and chimney tests. Clary sage oil was given to the male white mice in three different exposed times : 0.5, 1, and 1.5 hours. As a reference standard was used diazepam 170 ug/kg body weight (intraperitoneal). The research indicates that the administration of Clary sage oil can indeed cause the sedative effect. There is also a correlation between the exposure time of Clary sage oil and the sedative effect observed. Key-words : sedative effect, clary sage oil, olfactory aromatherap
Effect of curcumin and 4-n-propil curcumin on glutation s-transferase activity in rat liver
Get PDFCurcumin, a plant phenol in rhizome Curcuma longa L. has been reported to be a potent inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase (GST) in rat liver with in vitro with substrate 1,2-dikloro-4-nitrobenzen (DCNB). By using DCNB, a specific substrate for GST mu, This work was aimed to know whether curcumin derivatives: 4-n-propyl curcumin can also inhibit GST activity in vitro.Glutathione activity can be measured by conjugating GSH and DCNB catalized with GST. The product can be measured spectrofotometrically. Curcumin and its derivatives decreased GST activities with IC50 values 6,86 μM for curcumin and 8,41 μM for 4-n-propyl curcumin. This means that 4-n-propyl curcumin has a weaker inhibition potency than curcumin.Curcumin (consentration 10μM) inhibited GST activity by mixed with the Ki dan Ki’ values 2,77 μM dan 7,33 μM, whereas 4-n-propyl curcumin (consentration 10μM) inhibited GST activity by competitive with the Ki values 6,28 μM.Key words : Curcumin, 4-n-propyl curcumin, glutathione S-transferase, 1,2-dikloro-4-nitrobenzen
Fractionation and activity assay of the root extract of Piper sarmentosum Roxb. ex Hunter against Candida albicans
Get PDFPiper sarmentosum Roxb. ex Hunter (“sirih duduk”) has long been used as a traditional medicine against fungoid diseases, especially at vagina and foot-sole. The investigation of the bioactive compounds of P. sarmentosum roots has not infections been carried yet. This research was then aimed to fractinate and to examine the antifungus activity of the extract of P. sarmentosum roots.The extraction was performed by using organic solvents such as methanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, benzene, and n-hexane. The bioactivity tests were performed against C. albicans. The active extracts were then fractionated by coloumn chromatography.The result showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of methanol extract of P. sarmentosum roots have an antifungus activity against C. albicans. Phytochemical study showed that the active fractions of the methanol extracts of P. sarmentosum roots contained alkaloid.Key words : Piper sarmentosum, activity test, Candida albicans
Investigation on drug dosage form : analysis of prescriptions available in pharmacy in kotamadya Yogyakarta
Get PDFThe analysis of dispensing prescriptions available in Pharmacy in Yogyakarta was performed. The analysis included observation problems of dosage form preparations, and examination compounds of medicines which were mentioned in dispensing prescriptions. The study was conducted by sampling dispensing prescriptions from the pharmacy located in Yogyakarta. Questionnaires and interviews to pharmacists were also conducted in order to support the prescription data. The result showed that the oral solid dosage forms were the majority (71%) of dispensing prescriptions written. tablet crushing was the major problems of. The majority objective of therapy with this type of dispensing were for asthma, infection and allergy. It was also found that brand names (74%) medicine were more written than generic names. The most generic name written/added was CTM (chlorpheniramin maleat). Results of questionnaire evaluation showed that semi solid (unguentum, cream) was the major problem (69%) of pharmaceutical dispensing in the Pharmacy. Dispensing Salicylic acid with other semi solids were the most problems. Prescription analysis showed that about 14,2% dispensing prescriptions contain salycilic acid mixed with cream, and 26,5% dispense prescriptions contains salicylic acid mixed with any kinds of drugs or other semi solid forms. Liquid were the minor (7,2%) dispensing prescriptions written by physicians. However problems were still remain caused bycrushing coated tablets and dispensing to the liquid.Keywords : prescription, pharmaceutical stores, dosage forms, Yogyakart
Structure and cytotoxic activity relationship of curcumin derivatives on Myeloma cells
Get PDFCurcumin is a compound having broad spectrum of biological activities for example as anti-cancer. The aim of this research is to evaluate the relationship of structure and the cytotoxicity effect of curcumin and its derivatives on myeloma cell line. Some alkyl curcumin derivatives have beensynthesized and evaluated for the activity on myeloma cell lines with direct counting method. The IC50 values for curcumin, 4-methyl, 4-ethyl, 4-propyl, 4-isopropyl,4-benzyl, 4-phenyl dan 4-paramethylphenylcurcumin are 8.78, 3.45, 2.93, 2.18, 4.20, 3.87, >100, >100 μM respectively. Its seem that the activity of the curcumin derivatives is corelated to the stabilization of β diketone moiety and positive partial charge of those compound.Key words: Curcumin, myeloma cells, Curcumin derivative
Inhibitory effects of daun sendok (Plantago major L.) on mast cell-mediated anaphylactic reaction
Get PDFHypersensitisation reaction, which is known as an allergy, is suffered by a lot of people in the modern society. An increase of allergen uptake and the decrease of immune system are considered to be the major factors, which influence the disease. Development of medicinal plants for the allergic reaction is continuing with the extract of Plantago major as an example. This extract could inhibit histamine release from cell culture of Rat Basophilic Leukaemia (RBL-2H3) induced by DNP-BSA in vitro. This study determined the effect of Plantago major L. on systemic anaphylactic reaction induced by compound 48/80 in vivo.The research was conducted using Balb/c mice (2-3 months, 20-30 gram) which were divided into 2 main groups i.e. (1) those which were given with etanol extract on systemic anaphylactic reaction, and (2) those which were given with n-hexane extract on systemic anaphylactic reaction. Each group was divided into five sub-groups based on various dosages of Plantago major extract i.e. 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 100.0, 1000.0 mg/kg BW. Compound 48/80, a histamine release inductor, was administered at dose of 8 mg/kg BW, an hour after Plantago major administration, and the total of death mice were observed for an hour. Pharmacological parameter, ED50 value, was determined using probit analysis.The result showed that both etanol and n-hexane extracts of Plantago major L could inhibit systemic anaphylactic reaction induced by compound 48/80 with ED50 values of 1.66 and 55.01 mg/kg BW, respectively. It can be concluded that the potency of etanol extract of Plantago major L is higher than its n-hexane extract.Key words: Plantago major L., anaphylactic, histamine and mast cell
Formulation of repellant gel of vetiver oil : Composition of carbopol 3% w/v – propilenglicol optimization
Get PDF3% w/v solution and propilenglikol,and to observe the dominant effect among Carbopol 3% w/v, propilenglikol and their interaction in determining the physical properties of vetiver oil repellant gel. Moreover the repellant potency against female Aedes albopictus and iritation skin test on rabbit were also confirmed.Firstly, vetiver oil was collected from dried root of Vetivera zizoioides (L) Nogh by water steam destilation. The obtained oil then was gelled by the aid of Carbopol 3% w/v solution – propilenglikol at various compositions. Factorial design method was employed to create the optimum composition of Carbopol 3% w/v solution – propilenglikol and was used to determined the effect of Carbopol 3% w/v solution – propilenglikol and their interaction on the gel characteristics.The result showed that the effect of Carbopol 3% w/v solution was the dominant factor in the viscosity and repellant potency. While the effect of propilenglikol was the dominant factor in alteration of gel viscosity. The interaction between Carbopol 3% w/v solution and propilenglikol was dominant factor in spreadability. The optimum composition was created in superimposed countour plot. Irritation skin test on rabbit confirmed that all evaluated formulas were non irritatingKey words: formulation, repellant gel, vetiver oi
Evaluation of inhibitory effect of Green Tea effervescent tablet on linoleic acid oxidation
Get PDFEvaluation of the inhibitory effect of green tea effervescent tablet (TETH) on linoleic acid oxidation was carried out. TETH had the highest inhibitory effect on linoleic acid as compared with BHA, BHT, α-tocopherol and TETH-C. On tenth days incubation, TETH inhibited of linoleic acid oxidation is 50.64% followed by TETH-C, α-tocopherol, BHT and BHA as 33.83%; 33.40%; 29.51% and 26.39% respectivelly. TETH had a inhibitory effect is 1.5 times more than TETH-C and α-tocopherol or 1.7 and 1.9 times more than BHT and BHA respectivelly.Key words: inhibitory effect, green tea effervescent tablet, linoleic acid oxidatio