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El estado autonómico y su financiación: el curso de Miraflores de 2024
Get PDFDe nuevo septiembre en Miraflores de la Sierra, entre un verano que se ha ido y un otoño que no llega. Algo más de dos kilómetros pasado este muni-cipio, por la M-611, camino de La Morcuera, está escondida la residencia de La Cristalera, donde al inicio de cada curso universitario, desde hace tantas ediciones como alcanza la memoria académica a quien escribe esta crónica, se celebra el célebre observatorio sobre el Estado autonómico
On the myocardium modeling under multimodal deformations: a comparison between costa’s, Holzapfel and Ogden’s formulations
Get PDFIn this study we evaluate the performance of different constitutive biomechanical models, focusing on their ability to reproduce the mechanical behavior of myocardial tissue under various deformation modes. Three constitutive models were analyzed assuming incompressible formulations: the invariant-based formulation of the Costa model, the Holzapfel–Ogden (HO) model, and its extended version (HOE). The study aimed to identify which model provides the best fit for different experimental data, including equibiaxial (EBx), true biaxial (TBx), simple triaxial shear (STS), and combined data sets (Equibiaxial + Shear, True biaxial + Shear). The results showed that the Costa model generally performed better when considering combined datasets, providing a good balance between fitting accuracy and parameter stability, while using the least number of parameters among the contrasted models. The HO model demonstrated reasonable fitting abilities but struggled with non-equibiaxial conditions and clearly orthotropic simple shear datasets. The extended HOE model improved the fitting performance of the standard HO formulation for more complex data, particularly in shear tests, but introduced additional complexity and a higher number of parameters. Therefore, our study highlights the importance of analyzing which validated constitutive formulation is able to adapt to the available experimental data, especially when mixed deformation modes are involved. While all the three models tested performed adequately, the Costa model proved to be the most versatile, especially when dealing with various experimental conditions, providing insights for future research on biomechanical modeling of cardiac tissue
Exploring the association between SNPs and facial morphology in a Spanish population
Get PDFUnderstanding and predicting human external phenotypes, particularly facial shape, is of great value for individual identification. However, facial morphology is a highly complex trait. Despite its complexity, recent genome wide association studies (GWAS) have shed light on potential SNPs associated with facial features, offering a first glimpse into the likely genetic background of individual appearance. In this paper we have selected a set of 116 candidate SNPs and studied their association with facial phenotypes in a Spanish population of 412 individuals, highlighting a wide spectrum of facial morphologies worthy of investigation. We performed canonical correlation analysis (CCA) between each SNP and the observed spacial variation in facial shape, from its representation by a dense mesh of 7160 quasi-landmarks, revealing significant associations within different facial segments. In particular, ten SNPs are highlighted for their strong association within this Spanish population, some of them uncovering correlations with novel facial regions. These findings underline the importance and usefulness of conducting candidate SNP studies, not only to validate existing associations but also to unveil novel correlations within subpopulations
Förster resonance energy Transfer (FRET) demonstrates in vitro chitosan-coated nanocapsules suitability for intranasal brain delivery
No full textIntranasal drug delivery to the brain offers a promising strategy to overcome biological barriers. Chitosan-coated nanoemulsion-based nanocapsules demonstrate significant potential due to their mucoadhesive properties, ability to permeate epithelial cells, and ability to solubilize poorly water-soluble drugs, making them ideal candidates for bypassing the blood-brain barrier and overcoming the nasal mucosa. To ensure effective drug delivery, it is critical to assess the integrity of these nanocapsules during their transit across such barriers. In this study, we employed Förster resonance energy transfer to track the structural integrity of nanocapsules during transport. A simplified in vitro model was established using Calu-3 cells to mimic the mucosal epithelial barrier and Balb-c 3T3 fibroblasts as target cells. Our findings demonstrated that the nanoemulsion core of the nanocapsules successfully crossed the in vitro epithelial barrier and reached target cells while maintaining its structural integrity. These results validate the potential of chitosan-coated nanocapsules as a robust platform for the intranasal delivery of drugs to the brain
"Nunca fuimos posmodernos". Constelaciones del pensamiento posfundacional: una lectura de Oliver Marchart
Get PDFLa publicación del libro Pensamiento político posfundacional, de Oliver Marchart (2009), situó la categoría del posfundacionalismo en el campo de la filosofía política contemporánea. Sin embargo, a lo largo de sus diversos trabajos, el autor no ha dejado de ampliar esa categoría hasta el punto de que la misma puede postularse como una categoría de la historia de la filosofía contemporánea. A fin de contribuir a aclarar y delimitar el concepto de posfundacionalismo, este trabajo efectúa una cartografía del pensamiento posfundacional situando las distintas constelaciones de autores y autoras que Oliver Marchart ha ido trazando en sus distintos trabajos, al tiempo que delimita la posición del propio autor dentro de la misma.
La publicació del llibre Pensament polític postfundacional, d’Oliver Marchart (2009), va situar la categoria del postfundacionalisme en el camp de la filosofia política contemporània. No obstant això, al llarg dels seus diversos treballs, l’autor no ha deixat d’ampliar aquesta categoria fins al punt que es pot postular com una categoria de la història de la filosofia contemporània. Per tal de contribuir a aclarir i delimitar el concepte de postfundacionalisme, aquest treball efectua una cartografia del pensament postfundacional situant les diferents constel·lacions d’autors i autores que Oliver Marchart ha anat traçant en els seus diferents treballs, alhora que delimita la posició del mateix autor dins d’aquesta
Charting the Pathways of Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trajectories
Get PDFBackground: Managing multimorbidity is a major challenge for healthcare systems. Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) is highly prevalent and linked to increased disease burden, functional decline, and mortality. While most studies focus on cross-sectional analyses, longitudinal approaches are essential for understanding disease progression and identifying patient groups who may benefit from targeted interventions. Objectives: This systematic review synthesises evidence from longitudinal studies on the incidence and progression of CMM, exploring transitions between multimorbidity clusters and their clinical implications. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE and EMBASE following PRISMA guidelines. Studies were included if they employed longitudinal designs and clustering techniques to assess multimorbidity evolution. The quality of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE system. Results: Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. CMM occurs across all age groups and both sexes, showing the highest mortality and functional decline rates. Patients with CMM frequently develop additional cardiometabolic conditions or transition to related clusters. Many also experience neurodegenerative and mental health disorders. Individuals from respiratory multimorbidity clusters often transition to CMM. Moreover, CMM is more prevalent in lower socioeconomic populations. Conclusions: Understanding multimorbidity trajectories enables targeted preventive strategies. Identifying patients with predictable progression can help design adequate and effective interventions, reduce health disparities, and improve healthcare outcomes
Subjective sleep quality in healthy young adults moderates associations of sensitivity to punishment and reward with functional connectivity of regions relevant for insomnia disorder
Get PDFChronic unhealthy sleeping behaviours are a major risk factor for the emergence of mood and anxiety disorders. Nevertheless, we are still lacking understanding why some individuals are more prone than others to affective dysregulation caused by sleep disruption. With preliminary evidence suggesting that brain activity during positive and negative emotional processing might play an important modulating role, we conducted whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity analyses in a large cohort of healthy young adults (N = 155). Using regions consistently affected in insomnia disorder as seeds, we investigated sleep quality-related neural connectivity patterns that were both insensitive and sensitive to the interactions with individual measures of reward and punishment processing, additionally assessing the links with indices of emotional health. The majority of the findings reflected interactions between sleep quality and reinforcement sensitivity, with the opposite associations reported in the good and poor sleepers. One of such connections, the coupling between precentral gyrus and posterior insula, was additionally negatively linked to trait anxiety, with the lowest connectivity values observed in poor sleepers with higher sensitivity to punishment. In turn, the only finding associated solely with sleep quality, i.e. coupling between subgenual anterior cingulate cortex and thalamus, was also related to the habitual use of emotion suppression strategies. As such, the present study provides evidence that reinforcement sensitivity plays an essential role in understanding the associations of poor sleep quality with brain connectivity and emotional health, hinting at a potential link that may help explain individual differences in susceptibility to sleep-related affective dysregulatio
[Translated article] An Update on EBV-related Cutaneous Lymphoproliferative Disorders: a Systematic Review
Get PDFEpstein Barr virus (EBV) positive lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD) with cutaneous involvement include a series of rare entities that go from indolent processes to aggressive lymphomas. B-cell EBV+ LPD mainly affect immunocompromised patients while T-cell EBV+ LPD are more prevalent in specific geographic regions such as Asia, Central America, and South America. Since the latest WHO-EORTC classification of cutaneous lymphomas in 2018, significant changes have been included in the new classifications of hematological malignancies. This systematic review summarizes the main clinical, histological, immunophenotypic and molecular characteristics of B- and T-cell EBV+ LPD that may compromise the skin at diagnosis. B-cell EBV+ LPD include primary cutaneous lymphomas such as EBV-Mucocutaneous Ulcer, as well as systemic lymphomas affecting the skin at diagnosis that may present such as lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LG), EBV diffuse large B cell lymphoma, NOS, plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL), extracavitary primary effusion lymphoma (EC-PEL) EBV+, EBV-positive polymorphic B cell LPD, and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD). Regarding T-cell EBV+ LPD, most of these entities are categorized within T/NK-cell lymphoproliferative processes and lymphomas of childhood, including extranodal T/NK lymphoma, and even more exceptional forms such as EBV-positive T-cell centrofollicular lymphoma and intravascular T/NK-cell lymphoma. Diagnosis is based on integrating the clinical, histological, immunohistochemical, and genetic criteria discussed throughout this article. Differential diagnosis is a challenge for dermatologists and pathologists, so having scientific evidence available in this field is of paramount importance because overtreatment must be carefully avoided
Re: Letter to the editor: “Diagnostic capacity and interobserver variability in FIGO, ACOG, NICE and Chandraharan cardiotocographic guidelines to predict neonatal acidemia” The authors should reconsider their conclusions
Get PDFClose domesticity, intimate glances
Get PDFTypologically, I have felt attracted by the “house” in its objectual condition, from its reiteration and seriation, as it already happened in the series “Twentysix (abandoned) gasoline stations”. In 2021 the magazine AV published the series “Collecting Homes” in dialogue with other somewhat analogous series such as “Typologies” by Bruno Fontana or “Free Architecture” by Adam Wiseman. However, that same article already put on the table other views that penetrate into the domestic sphere, into the interior of the dwelling, where the experience of collective dwelling really takes place: Todd Hido’s work “House Hunting” illuminates the gloom of the anodyne American suburban spaces by illuminating the inhabited interior and, for their part, Bogdan Girbovan’s “10/1” and Michael Wolf’s “100x100” series delve into the relationship between the repetitive collective domestic space and the way in which the inhabitant and his objects shape and qualify it