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Bartonian-Priabonian rotational evolution of the central Jaca-Pamplona Basin, Southern Pyrenees
Full text linkOrogenic zones often exhibit vertical axis rotations (VAR) due to the accommodation of shortening differences along the main structural. In this work, we focus on the central Jaca-Pamplona Basin, where a Bartonian-Priabonian sequence crops out. There two magnetostratigraphic sections, Izaga and Berdún (2800 m), record about 5 Myr of the tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the basin. They have been discretized every 150 m to evaluate the rotational kinematics (spatio-temporal variations of the VAR). In the Izaga section the rotation is non-significant and noisier (dec=003º; inc=39º; a95=18°; k=23) than in the Berdún section, eastern sector, where the clockwise VAR is slightly larger (dec=008º; inc=46º; a95=10°; k=29) although it still overlaps the reference direction. Additional work is needed to refine this paleomagnetic record.
Las zonas orogénicas a menudo exhiben rotaciones de eje vertical (VAR) debido a la acomodación de diferencias de acortamiento a lo largo de la tendencia estructural principal. En este trabajo, nos centramos en la parte central de la cuenca de Jaca-Pamplona, donde aflora una potente secuencia Bartoniense-Priaboniense. Allí dos secciones magnetoestratigráficas, Izaga y Berdún (2800 m), registran unos 5 Ma de la evolución tectónica y sedimentaria de la cuenca. Han sido discretizadas cada 150 m para evaluar la cinemática rotacional (variaciones espacio-temporales del VAR). En la sección de Izaga la rotación no es significativa y es más ruidosa (dec=003º; inc=39º; a95=18°; k=23) que en la sección de Berdún, sector oriental, donde el valor de VAR en sentido horario es algo mayor (dec=008º; inc=46º; a95=10°; k=29) aunque todavía se solapa con la dirección de referencia. Serán necesarios trabajos adicionales para precisar este registro paleomagnético
ObMetrics: A Shiny app to assist in metabolic syndrome assessment in paediatric obesity
Full text linkSummaryObjectiveTo introduce ObMetrics, a free and user‐friendly Shiny app that simplifies the calculation, data analysis, and interpretation of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) outcomes according to multiple definitions in epidemiological studies of paediatric populations. We illustrate its usefulness using ethnically different populations in a comparative study of prevalence across cohorts and definitions.MethodsWe conducted a case study using data from two ethnically diverse paediatric populations: a Hispanic‐American cohort (N = 1759) and a Hispanic‐European cohort (N = 2411). Using ObMetrics, we computed MetS classifications (Cook, Zimmet, Ahrens) and component‐specific z‐scores for each participant to compare prevalences.ResultsThe analysis revealed significant heterogeneity in MetS prevalence across different definitions and cohorts. According to Cook, Zimmet, and Ahrens's definitions, MetS prevalence in children with obesity was 25%, 12%, and 48%, respectively, in the Hispanic‐European cohort, and 38%, 27%, and 66% in the Hispanic‐American cohort. Calculating component‐specific z‐scores in each cohort also highlighted ethnic‐specific differences in lipid metabolism and blood pressure. By automating these complex calculations, ObMetrics considerably reduced analysis time and minimised the potential for errors.ConclusionObMetrics proved to be a powerful tool for paediatric research, generating detailed reports on the prevalence of MetS and its components based on various definitions and reference standards. Our case study further provides valuable insights into the challenges of characterising metabolic health in paediatric populations. Future efforts should focus on developing unified consensus guidelines for paediatric MetS. Meanwhile, ObMetrics enables earlier identification and targeted intervention for high‐risk children and adolescents
Don Martín Pizarro, intérprete, encomendero y espía: Algunas cuestiones filológicas de sus cartas escritas en Guarmey en 1547
No full textEl aborigen intérprete fue una de las figuras más valoradas por los españoles, pues su labor era de vital importancia para cualquier incursión que se realizara en territorio inexplorado, durante el descubrimiento y conquista del Nuevo Mundo. En este trabajo se analizan filológicamente tres cartas dictadas en 1547 por uno de los primeros intérpretes nacido en la costa norte del Pacífico, el espacio geográfico que acabó formando parte del vasto virreinato del Perú. En concreto, serán analizadas tres cartas firmadas por don Martín y dirigidas a Gonzalo Pizarro en un contexto de contienda militar entre las fuerzas pretendidamente rebeldes y la Corona española. La relevancia de este personaje histórico, cercano como pocos a los Pizarro, las redes sociales que entretejió entre los primeros conquistadores del Perú, su matrimonio con la española Luisa de Medina, las importantes encomiendas de indios que recibió de Francisco Pizarro y de Vaca de Castro, su muy temprana aculturación, etc., hacen de sus escritos un material valioso en la tarea de aproximarnos al español de los primeros bilingües
Is social theory losing its relevance? A call for social impact and cocreation from dialogic sociology
Full text linkCurrently, the interest in and use of social theory by policy-makers, organizations, and citizens have decreased worldwide. While excellent research focuses on the social influences of social theory and teaching methods, the research often neglects the link between social theory and contemporary societal needs. This gap is addressed by examining the social impact and effects on the motivation for using dialogic theory, which emphasizes dialog and consensus building. Following a communicative methodology approach, this study includes nine communicative interviews and three participatory observations: two in seminars with readers of The Dialogic Society (TDS) (“duihuashehui (《对话社会》)”) by Flecha, and one in an online, international debate about the book. The findings reveal a fourfold impact: First, increased motivation for sociology and social theory; second, deeper comprehension of the theory; third, potential for transforming social contexts; and fourth a shift toward cocreation and social impact. This study highlights key aspects of dialogic theory to address contemporary needs and to bridge the gap between theory and practice to revitalize the field of social theory in diverse contexts, highlighting the way the dialogic theory contributes and could contribute to different countries, including China. In doing so, this study helps advance the development of an independent knowledge system in philosophy and social science in China, which China proposed in 2024
Uso de aplicaciones de Inteligencia Artificial como herramienta de diseño de situaciones de aprendizaje para la enseñanza de las ciencias experimentales en Educación Infantil
Full text linkEsta publicación forma parte del proyecto "Propuestas de mejora de la Enseñanza y el Aprendizaje de las Ciencias en Educación Infantil y Primaria basadas en la indagación y la modelización contextualizadas (PID2022-142019OB-100)”, financiado por MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE. El Grupo de innovación docente CienciaTE responsable de esta publicación forma parte del Grupo Beagle de investigación en Didáctica de las Ciencias Naturales financiado por el Gobierno de Aragón (S27_23R
Elucidating the Role of KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF Mutations and Microsatellite Instability in Colorectal Cancer via Next-Generation Sequencing
Full text linkMethods: We retrospectively and cross-sectionally reviewed the cases of 648 patients with a histological diagnosis of colon adenocarcinoma. Of these, 166 had partial molecular studies, and 42 cases were selected based on the availability of the genetic markers targeted in this study. We analyzed the frequency of mutations in these genes, as well as their correlation with microsatellite instability (MSI). Results: A high mutation rate was found in the KRAS gene (52.4%). NRAS mutations were less frequent (8.9%), whereas BRAF mutations were observed in 20.8% of cases. This allowed us to identify a patient subgroup with MSI, representing 12.1% of cases. Among the 42 patients analyzed for KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and MSI mutations, a significant association was observed between KRAS mutations and microsatellite stability, while no association was found between NRAS mutations and MSI. BRAF mutations showed a statistically significant association with MSI (p < 0.05), with the most common mutation being c.1799T > A, p.Val600Glu. The objective of this study is to demonstrate that the NGS-based method for evaluating MSI is rigorously valid compared to the results obtained using IHC and PCR. Conclusions: Comprehensive NGS profiling from the start improves diagnostic efficiency by saving time, tissue, and costs compared to gene-by-gene analysis. It also enables better molecular characterization and facilitates tailored therapeutic strategies, particularly in identifying candidates for targeted therapy and immunotherapy. This approach supports efficient tumor classification based on using KRAS, BRAF, NTRK, ERBB2, and PIK3CA as key markers, along with MSI status. We recommend that, if initial NGS is not feasible, start with KRAS analysis, then test BRAF and MSI if no mutation is found
Registro del documento de voluntades anticipadas en los pacientes ingresados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos: estudio de prevalencia
No full textIntroducción
La planificación anticipada, y su registro en el documento de voluntades anticipadas (DVA) permite definir metas y preferencias, asegurando el cumplimiento de la voluntad de los pacientes, y facilitando la toma de decisiones a los profesionales ante un proceso de final de vida. En personas ingresadas en una UCI por tratamientos, soporte vital o enfermedades, puede dificultarse la comunicación.
Objetivos
Identificar cuántos pacientes ingresados/as en una UCI tenían el DVA registrado durante los años 2019 y 2021, y estudiar las relaciones con la edad, el sexo, la enfermedad, la población de procedencia, el motivo de alta, y si el registro fue anterior o posterior al ingreso, y estudiar si hubo cambios en el registro tras el primer año de pandemia.
Metodología
Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en una UCI de Zaragoza durante los años 2019 y 2021. La población a estudio fueron todos/as los/as pacientes ingresados durante el periodo de estudio. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y bivariado de las variables a estudio, estableciendo un nivel de confianza de p < 0,05.
Resultados
En el año 2019 hubo 694 personas ingresadas, siendo un 63% varones, con una edad media de 66 años (DE: 14,5). El 1,7% tenía el DVA registrado. Tres de 12 personas registraron su DVA tras el ingreso en la UCI. En el año 2021 hubo 1.137 pacientes ingresados, siendo la mayoría varones (64,1%), con una edad media de 63,43 años (DE: 14,6). El 1,8% de los/as pacientes ingresados/as en el año 2021 tuvieron el DVA registrado. Cuatro personas de 21 registraron el DVA tras el ingreso en la UCI. Únicamente se pudo establecer relación entre tener registrado el DVA y la procedencia en el año 2021, siendo más frecuente en las personas que vivían en ciudad.
Conclusión
El registro del DVA en los/as pacientes ingresados/as en nuestro servicio fue escaso, sin observarse diferencias entre los años 2019 y 2021. La mayoría tenían el DVA registrado antes de ingresar en la UCI, por lo que se considera importante aumentar la conciencia de hacer una adecuada planificación de los deseos de atención en los últimos días de vida.
Introduction
Advance planning, and its registration in the advance directives document, makes it possible to define goals and preferences, assuring patients of the fulfillment of their wishes, and facilitating decision making by professionals in an end-of-life process. In people admitted to an ICU for treatment, life support or pathologies, communication can be difficult.
Objectives
To identify how many patients admitted to an ICU had VAD recorded during the years 2019 and 2021, and to study the relationships with age, sex, pathology, population of origin, reason for discharge, and whether the record was before or after admission, and to study whether there were changes in the record after the first year of the pandemic.
Methodology
Cross-sectional descriptive study carried out in an ICU in Zaragoza during the years 2019 and 2021. The study population consisted of all patients admitted during the study period. A descriptive and bivariate analysis of the variables under study was performed, establishing a confidence level of P<.05.
Results
In 2019 there were 694 people admitted, 63% of whom were men, with a mean age of 66 years (SD: 14.5). 1.7% had VAD registered. Only 3 of 12 persons registered their VAD after ICU admission. In 2021 there were 1,137 patients admitted, the majority being men (64.1%), with mean age 63.43 years (SD: 14.6). Of the patients admitted in 2021, 1.8% had VAD recorded. Only 4 people out of 21 registered VAD after admission to the ICU. Only a relationship could be established between having registered VAD and origin in the year 2021, being more frequent in those who lived in the city.
Conclusion
The registration of VAD in patients admitted to our service was scarce, with no differences observed between the years 2019 and 2021. Most had the DVA registered before admission to the ICU, so it is considered important to raise awareness of making adequate planning of care wishes in the last days of life
Differential Mechanical and Biological Contributions to Bone Mass Distribution—Insights from a Computational Model of the Human Femur
Full text linkBone density distribution in the human femur is significantly influenced by mechanical forces that drive bone remodeling in response to physical demands. This study aims to assess how effectively mechanical factors alone explain femoral bone mass distribution and to identify areas where additional, non-mechanical influences may be required. We used a computational bone remodeling model to compare outcomes under two initial conditions: a uniform density distribution and one derived from tomographic imaging. Both conditions experienced identical mechanical loading, with the remodeling process simulated via finite element methods. Results demonstrated that mechanical loading substantially contributes to shaping bone density, but certain structural aspects, notably incomplete cortical bone formation in simulations starting from uniform density, suggest the involvement of other factors. The model also highlighted specific regions susceptible to bone loss under disuse scenarios, such as prolonged inactivity or microgravity. Our findings emphasize the need to incorporate non-mechanical factors and realistic initial conditions into computational models to enhance their applicability for personalized medical analyses
Low-storage exponentially fitted explicit Runge-Kutta methods
Full text linkIn this paper, we study explicit Runge-Kutta (RK) methods for solving high-dimensional systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs), with oscillatory or periodic solutions, that can be implemented with a few memory registers. We will refer to these schemes as Low-Storage Exponentially Fitted explicit Runge-Kutta methods (LSEFRK).
In order to obtain them, we first study second-order and third-order low-storage (LS) schemes that can be implemented with two memory registers per step of the van der Houwen- and Williamson-type. Next, we construct optimal LSEFRK methods by imposing exponential fitting conditions along with accuracy and stability properties. In this way, new optimal three-stage third-order and five-stage fourth-order LSEFRK schemes are constructed for each type of LS method.
The performance of these new schemes is tested by solving some high-dimensional differential systems with periodic solutions. Comparison with other non-LS exponentially fitted and low-storage non-EF RK methods from the literature shows that the new LSEFRK schemes outperform the efficiency of RK methods that only satisfy either the LS or the EF condition