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Effect of capacitation on proteomic profile and mitochondrial parameters of spermatozoa in bulls
No full textSperm capacitation is a critical process for fertilization. This work aims to analyze the effect in vitro capacitation had on the proteome and mitochondrial parameters of bull spermatozoa. Viability, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and reactive oxygen species (mROS) were assessed by flow cytometry in noncapacitated (NC) and in vitro capacitated (IVC) sperm. Proteome was evaluated using SWATH-MS. In vitro capacitation significantly induced a decrease in sperm viability, a high MMP, and an increase in mROS production. Within the group of living spermatozoa, the capacitation significantly induced a decrease in healthy mitochondrial spermatozoa, as well as an increase in mROS production, without affecting the MMP intensity. A total number of 72 differentially abundant proteins were found of which 63 were over-represented in the NC sperm group and 9 in the IVC sperm group. It was observed that many proteins associated with the sperm membrane and acrosome were lost during the capacitation process. For the IVC sperm, the functional enrichment was found in proteins related to the oxidative phosphorylation process. Our results indicate that the capacitation process induces a significant loss of seminal plasma-derived membrane proteins and a significant increase in proteins related with the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifiers PXD056424 and PXD042286
The mediation role of executive functions as predictors between physical activity and academic performance in high school students
Full text linkSeveral studies have highlighted the intricate interplay between physical activity, executive functions, and academic performance. However, the nuanced relationships among these variables necessitate further investigation into the roles of physical activity and executive functions as predictors or mediators of academic success. A study was conducted with a convenience sample comprising 172 Spanish high school students. This study assessed physical activity levels, executive functions (specifically focusing on cognitive components such as attention and inhibition, as well as the affective component of emotional regulation), and academic performance. The findings revealed several key insights: firstly, both physical activity and cognitive executive functions (specifically attention and inhibition) emerged as significant predictors of academic performance. However, emotional regulation did not show a significant predictive relationship. Secondly, cognitive executive functions (attention and inhibition) were found to partially mediate the association between physical activity and academic performance. These results suggest that interventions targeting improvements in both physical activity levels and cognitive executive functions, particularly attention and inhibition, may yield positive outcomes in terms of academic performance among students in compulsory secondary education
Machine-learning potential for phonon transport in AlN with defects in multiple charge states
Full text linkUnderstanding phonon transport properties in defect-laden AlN is important for their device applications. Here, we construct a machine-learning potential to describe phonon transport with accuracy in pristine and defect-laden AlN, following the template of Behler-Parrinello-type neural network potentials (NNPs) but extending them to consider multiple charge states of defects. The high accuracy of our NNP in predicting second- and third-order interatomic force constants is demonstrated through calculations of phonon bands, three-phonon anharmonic, phonon-isotope and phonon-defect scattering rates, and thermal conductivities. In particular, our NNP accurately describes the difference in phonon-related properties among various native defects and among different charge states of the defects. They reveal that the phonon-defect scattering rates induced by VN3+ are the largest, followed by VAl3−, and that VN1+ is the least effective scatterer. This is further confirmed by the magnitude of the respective depressions of the thermal conductivity of AlN. Our findings reveal the significance of the contribution from structural distortions induced by defects to the elastic scattering rates. The present work shows the usefulness of our NNP scheme to cost-efficiently study phonon transport in partially disordered crystalline phases containing charged defects.
Published by the American Physical Society
202
Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a blended transdiagnostic group CBT for the treatment of emotional disorders
Full text linkIntroduction
The transdiagnostic approach and Internet-based administration can help to implement evidence-based treatments for emotional disorders (ED). However, not all patients benefit from online format and dropout rates are high. Blended format combines the strengths of face-to-face and Internet self-applied interventions to help overcome these barriers. Group format can also help to overcome these difficulties and improve the cost-effectiveness binomial. This study aimed to analyze the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a blended transdiagnostic group CBT for ED.
Methods
A single-group, open-trial design with three measurement points: pre-treatment, post-treatment and 3-month follow-up. A total of 34 adults (mean age = 32.21 years; 79.4 % female) from a community sample with at least one ED diagnosis according to DSM-5-TR criteria participated in the study. The intervention combined 8 group sessions delivered via videoconference with the completion of 16 online modules in a web-platform.
Results
Of the total participants, 67.6 % completed the treatment and another 14.7 % completed at least half of the modules and attended at least half of the group sessions. The expectations and satisfaction with the treatment were high (47.39 and 49.39 out of 60, respectively). The system usability was above desirable and around ‘excellent’ (84.02 out of 100 after the first use of the platform and 80.98 out of 100 at post-treatment). Opinions on the online modules and videoconference sessions were good. Participants completed an average of 12.91 online modules out of 16 and attended an average of 5.44 sessions out of 8. There was a significant reduction in anxious and depressive symptomatology at post-treatment and follow-up compared to baseline. There was also a significant change in other secondary clinical measures.
Conclusions
A transdiagnostic protocol applied in blended and group formats seems to be feasible, acceptable and preliminary effective in addressing ED. However, more research is needed to test the efficacy of this innovative format
Moral panics in social media times: Disinformation and panic about what others say and read on the internet
Full text linkThis article aims to demonstrate that the concept of moral panic and its associated theoretical construction are of crucial importance in understanding how the media convey information and fabricate social problems in contemporary society. To illustrate this argument, we examine the social concern surrounding disinformation, which also enables us to display how the fear thereof thrives on social anxiety about the consequences of online speech acts. Our contention is that within the current communicative landscape, influenced by digitalisation and the centrality of social networks, the media continually produce—albeit not always explicitly—images and discourses about deviance that are designed to provoke responses of outrage and moral panic among the public. This ongoing competition for ‘panic production’ evolves into a struggle to control daily trends and, paradoxically, may impede the emergence of significant and successful moral panics akin to those described by Cohen. Nevertheless, these potential and ‘short-range’ panics coalesce around social anxieties and fears, reinforcing them and perpetually laying the groundwork for new panics to arise
La formación permanente del profesorado de música ante los retos de la sociedad actual: ¿Qué nos aportan las políticas educativas? Una investigación cualitativa
Full text linkThe professional development of music teachers is essential to meet the needs and challenges of 21st-century education. Despite its importance, there are few studies on this subject in Spain. The aim of this article is to examine how educational policies are reflected in the teacher professional development (TPD) of music teachers in Spain, analyzing whether they respond to the needs and challenges identified by music teachers in compulsory education. A qualitative methodology is used, including documentary analysis, case studies and life stories. The study drew upon four categories provided by the R&D research project Transversality, Creativity and Inclusion in School Music Projects: An Evaluative Research (TCIEM) for the interviews. Three emerging categories of analysis were identified: ensuring lifelong learning, ensuring the provision of key aspects, and promoting the diversity of training modalities. The results indicate a necessity for a change in educational policy, with a view to incorporating the perspective of the teachers themselves. In the context of the implementation of a new educational law (LOMLOE), it is necessary to study, reflect and adopt different actions to guarantee a quality TPD for all teachers, which will have an impact on their competence development and the results of educational success. El Desarrollo profesional docente (DPD) del profesorado de música es clave para dar respuesta a las necesidades y retos que afronta la educación en el siglo XXI. A pesar de su importancia, en España son escasos los estudios dedicados a este tema. El objetivo del artículo es examinar cómo se reflejan las políticas educativas en el DPD del profesorado de música en España, analizando si dan respuesta a las necesidades y retos identificados por los docentes de música de las enseñanzas obligatorias. Se adopta una metodología cualitativa que incluye la revisión y análisis documental, el estudio de caso y las historias de vida. Para las entrevistas se utilizan 4 categorías aportadas por el proyecto (anonimizado). Se establecen 3 categorías emergentes obtenidas del análisis: garantizar la formación permanente, asegurar la oferta de aspectos clave y fomentar la diversidad de modalidades de formación. Los resultados muestran la necesidad de cambio en las políticas educativas teniendo en cuenta la visión del propio profesorado. En el contexto de implantación de una nueva ley educativa (LOMLOE) es preciso investigar, reflexionar y adoptar diferentes medidas que garanticen un DPD de calidad para todo el profesorado, lo que repercutirá en su desarrollo competencial y en los resultados de éxito educativo
Adult patient treated with a miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion combined with surgical exposure of three impacted teeth and several ageneses
Full text linkThis case report outlines the orthodontic management strategies employed for a young adult male patient presenting with a maxillary transverse deficiency and ectopically impacted bilateral maxillary canines and right second premolar requiring surgical exposure. In addition, the patient exhibited agenesis of all four mandibular permanent incisors. The treatment protocol encompassed three sequential stages: (1) correction of transverse deficiency through maxillary expansion using a miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion appliance, (2) surgical exposure of the three ectopically impacted teeth through a closed eruption technique, and (3) orthodontic traction to stimulate their eruption and subsequent alignment. The treatment outcomes were successful, achieving satisfactory maxillary expansion, which enabled the establishment of a balanced occlusion. The ectopically impacted maxillary teeth erupted in their correct positions, with normal clinical crown height and a gingival line harmonious with the adjacent teeth. The strategic incorporation of cantilever arms enhanced the control of forces and traction vectors, mitigating potential stress and minimizing the risk of damage to the adjacent teeth
Instalaciones arteducadoras I: espacios situados para aprender jugando
No full textEl espacio también ejerce una influencia significativa en el aprendizaje y ha sido objeto de diferentes consideraciones en la historia de la educación denominándose como: “ambiente”, “tercer maestro”, “rincones”. En el contexto de la educación artística, el espacio físico del aula convencional o cualquier entorno donde se desarrollen experiencias arteducadoras es considerado como un elemento fundamental para el diseño e implementación de actividades situadas. La instalación artística en su contacto con la educación ha pasado de ser un género artístico contemporáneo a un método específico para enseñar y aprender en educación artística. La instalación, como método arteducador está arraigada en las particularidades del pensamiento y conocimiento artístico y la forma en la que el arte trabaja tanto con elementos de lo real (el espacio, los objetos, los materiales, los contextos, las acciones) como con representaciones, simbolizaciones y metáforas. Los educadores artísticos y las educadoras artísticas han trabajado con instalaciones en las diferentes etapas educativas, utilizándolas en base a planteamientos diversos: por su “función simbólica vinculada al juego”, por ser “arte instalado”, por favorecer la “cognición situada”, por producirse en un “modelo dialógico” o por poner en práctica una “pedagogía relacional”. La instalación artística hace suyos espacios singulares, por su valor para aportar un ambiente único de aprendizaje. Cada instalación gira en torno a un tema concreto, una idea propia, una situación particular ideada para enseñar y aprender, para que ocurran experiencias artísticas en las que lo procesual, lo cognitivo y afectivo se enlazan en torno a acciones e interacciones generadas en un espacio determinado concebido para vivenciar, experimentar, explorar. Cada instalación arteducadora propone, idea y sensibiliza una experiencia de aprendizaje diferente
Plan de ejercicio terapéutico en tromboembolismo pulmonar. A propósito de un caso
Full text linkEste estudio de caso clínico describe la intervención fisioterápica mediante ejercicio terapéutico en un paciente varón de 58 años diagnosticado de tromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP) bilateral y trombosis venosa profunda (TVP). El objetivo principal fue mejorar la capacidad funcional, reducir los factores de riesgo cardiovascular y prevenir recurrencias. Se aplicó un programa de entrenamiento combinado (aeróbico y de fuerza) de 12 semanas de duración. Tras la intervención, se observaron mejoras significativas en la presión arterial, composición corporal, perfil lipídico, fuerza muscular y capacidad cardiorrespiratoria, así como una disminución del riesgo cardiovascular estimado a 10 años (del 21,1% al 18,7%). El paciente también experimentó una reducción del edema, una mejora en la calidad de vida percibida y un aumento en la actividad física diaria. Este caso demuestra la eficacia del ejercicio terapéutico individualizado en la rehabilitación tras un TEP, respaldando su incorporación en protocolos clínicos.<br /
Efecto de la coerción en la relación de cuidados en el ámbito de la salud mental, una revisión bibliográfica
Full text linkLa coerción se entiende como el conjunto de medidas que ejercen presión sobre alguien para forzar su voluntad o su conducta, entre lo que se incluye la administración forzada de tratamientos o la restricción de libertades. Esta práctica aunque frecuente, es controvertida ya que pese a que se justifica como una herramienta de protección, la relación terapéutica enfermero-paciente puede verse negativamente afectada, además de generar conflictos éticos. Confianza, respeto y comunicación son la base sobre la que se construye el vínculo terapéutico. La calidad de este vínculo es determinante en el éxito de la practica enfermera, siendo crucial en el ámbito de la salud mental. El uso de la coerción puede comprometer dicho vinculo, desgastando la relación construida e incidiendo negativamente en los resultados clínicos del paciente.Con esta revisión sistemática de la literatura se quiere conseguir un análisis crítico de la evidencia existente sobre el impacto de la coerción en la relación de cuidados en salud mental, teniendo en cuenta los aspectos éticos involucrados y la importancia del principio bioético de la autonomía del paciente.<br /