Journal of architecture&ENVIRONMENT
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CONTESTED SPACE IN COASTAL CITY. A Case of Conservation, Community and Tourism Development in Manado – Indonesia
Full text linkThe growth of coastal cities has experienced a shift and brings changes in the space value in coastal areas of production to the consumption. Capitalist mode of production spread evenly in areas previously held by various traditional modes of economic and social exchange. The role of the tourism and development market strongly determined the changes that often lead to contradictions and conflicts of spatial function. This paper explores the reasons of spatial competition and possibility to make more just spaces on the coast by seeking spatial balance between traditional and modern one, capital space and indigenous as well. Using a multilayered approach in the case study research, this paper revealed the phenomenon of contested space, particularly on the power relation framework on the specific sites using by different groups of interests: Littoral fishermen, recreation and tourism, and private company. Paper attracts attention to the capitalist policies that is the main reason of spatial tension that produced domination and resistance on the modern coastal space. Architects and urban planners should routinely assess the spatial equity of public resources such as coastal resources because understanding the vagaries of public resource distribution can help to facilitate provision of the public good and ultimately social justice
CRADLE TO CRADLE IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDING: THE FEASIBILITY TO IMPLEMENT THE CRADLE TO CRADLE CONCEPT IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
Full text linkSustainability and Cradle to Cradle are well known concepts for creating buildings. The aim of the article here want to discuss the implementation of Cradle to Cradle in residential building. The method used were literature study and case study. A building is 100% cradle to cradle when every part of the building meets the standard of the C2C principles, includes material health and reutilization, use of renewable energy, water stewardship and social fairness. The result of the study shows that the case study match 89% of cradle to cradle score, which was a good result
PATTERNS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF OLD CITY MORPHOLOGY (CASE STUDY FORT MARLBOROUGH, KAMPUNG CHINA AND KAMPUNG MALABERO KOTA BENGKULU)
No full textUrban Morphologyis an applied science that studies about how the pattern of a city spacewere made by the history,andalsolearn about the development of a city. The old city area of Bengkulu is a British-formed city starting in 1719 which has special characteristics. This paper aims to identify the pattern and special characteristics of the old city morphology inFort Marlborough Region,China Town,andTapak Paderi area inBengkulu City. Methodology used in this study is a qualitative descriptivewith diachronic reading and typo-morphplogy analysis. To get the pattern and characteristicsof those mentioned areas, detail aspects such as buildings and materials, road and block patterns, land use activities and open spaceswere used as an indicator. Result of the studies shows that there is a changein theurban planning of Bengkulu city. At first, British colonial planned Bengkulu as a port and trade city where the beach of the bay area was the center of the city. But later, with the development of the city, Bengkulu is no longer a seaside cityanymore. Now, Bengkulu has been growth towards the south and westof the city. It’s showed by the transfer of the city center fromfortress area intothe Bentiring area. In term of material, road and block patterns,and also land use activities,can be seen that there was a concentrationofroad and block patternswhere almost allthe blocks had the same size withclose distance, at first of British colonialism.There are also three main nodes which confirm the city center,along with another small nodesthat markthe city area. But now days, morphologicalcharacteristicsof Bengkulu cityespecially for the road and block patterns are heterogeneous,where there are two or more patterns werecollides, and the main road axis have north-south pattern.The buildings also have changed, fromadoption of European architecturesat first, into vernaculararchitecture that adapts Indonesian climateby using gable and shieldroof now.
KAMPUNG DEVELOPMENT TOWARD SMART CITY
Full text linkThe city of Surabaya that formed from maritime activities to lead to trade and industrial activities will form settlements in the form of kampung. Kampung became an important part in the development of a city because this area became a place to grow and move most of the middle class population and below. However, the rapid development of the city of Surabaya towards the modern has resulted in the existence of the kampung in Surabaya increasingly recessive. Long-lived kampung like Kampung Kaliasin, pressed by the development of urban and socio-economic mobility, are experiencing worsening kampung conditions. The pressure from the surrounding environment is great. Not only social and economic issues, but also environmental issues (climate, sanitation, a forestation, etc.) are salient. The Surabaya City Government is attempting to address the problem through the concept of Smart City Surabaya. The question to be addressed here is how the development of the urban kampung, for example Kampung Kaliasin, is to proceed in the direction of Smart City Surabaya. The method used is descriptive and qualitative. The variables to be studied are aspects of smart city covering Smart Government, Smart Economy, Smart Life, Smart Living, Smart People, and Smart Mobility. These are analyzed in relation to the readiness of the city to develop toward Smart City Surabaya
NATIVE CHARACTERISTIC OF INDIGENOUS INDONESIAN CULTURE AS REFERENCE IN RE-DESIGNING TOURISM AREA
Full text linkMount Bromo has been well known nationally and even internationally has stunning natural beauty and unique culture of its inhabitants. Both of these have proved able to attract many local and foreign tourists to visit, so its impact also could be felt directly on the economy improvement of local communities and also for the state's foreign exchange from the tourism sector. The uniqueness of Tengger culture can be regarded as a national treasure that has been maintained by the Government sustainably. An idea that is proposed as an effort to help its preservation is to adopt the concept of Ubud Culture Village in Bali. It is considered the most suitable to be applied because it will not only absorb tourists, but also maintain the authenticity of local culture, especially the function and architectural form of traditional buildings of the Tengger tribe that must also be preserved
DEVELOPMENT AND SHELTER CHALLENGES OF SMALL ISLANDS: PLANNING WITH A PRO-POOR PERSPECTIVE
Full text linkThis paper explores why and how small island developing states (SIDS) in the Asia-Pacific region should adopt pro-poor policies to overcome development related affordable housing challenges. It first outlines SIDS’ common development challenges—small size, remoteness, greater exposure to economic and environmental shocks, and brisk urbanization. In a globalized world, SIDS’ developmental and geographic constraints make providing equitable shelter harder. Developing Asia’s rapid urban growth and simultaneously widening urban inequality offer hope and sound caution alike for SIDS, whose potential and propensity to attract global investment are unique. Tourism-based economic development is poised to accelerate the private sector’s influence on SIDS’ land and housing markets. This paper presents the cities of Honolulu (USA), Surabaya (Indonesia), and Dili (Timor Leste) as cases that exemplify, respectively, the advanced, intermediate, and early stages of a possible development continuum for SIDS. Utilizing secondary literature, primary qualitative field-research, news media sources, and observations, it demonstrates that despite common developmental challenges SIDS’ diverse governance models and institutional capacities preclude definitive solutions. Instead, it argues for tailored yet flexible policy responses informed by multiple pro-poor principles—inclusivity, affordability, alternative forms of tenure security, and innovative design and construction. Sensitive, context-appropriate adaptation of innovative policy tools that have proven effective in fraught contexts elsewhere (especially, transfer of development rights, inclusionary housing, land pooling/sharing, participatory slum upgrading, and community benefits agreements) can guide SIDS to expand pro-poor shelter provision
HOUSING CHARACTER IN THE BORDER BEACH AREA OF CAMBAYYA
Full text linkCambayya is one of the areas in the Makassar city that has slum dwellings located on the water. The houses appears sporadically due to various community problems, such as the high price of land in the Makassar city and difficult to reach by the lower classes and the desire to live near the workplace. As a result, people are looking for low-cost dwellings, although not for rationing, poor sanitation conditions, and lacking facilities and infrastructure. The purpose of this research is to know the physical and non physical character of the residence located in the area starting directly adjacent to the water body up to the Barukang road. The method used is the mix use method. In the housing study is divided into 3 zones, The first zone is in the dwelling above the water body, the 2nd zone in the dwelling above the coastal border and, the 3rd zone is in the dormitory adjacent to the main road of the area. The data is collected through the results of field observations in depth on the physical condition of the dwelling and the community. Medium data are measured through closed questionnaires submitted randomly to communities in each zone. The result obtained is the occupancy in each zone is different because of the influence of occupation, land ownership, and location of establishment
LOCAL ORIENTATION WISDOM ON THE BUGIS TRADITIONAL HOUSE LAYOUT IN TOSORA VILLAGE, WAJO
Full text linkTosora village in Wajoregency-South Sulawesiis the village of the former capital of Wajo Kingdom in the 16th and 17th centuries, which still maintainsthearhitecture of Bugis traditional suspended house. The existence of the historic sites such as oldmosques, fortresses, Geddong and the natural conditions surrounded by rivers, rice fields and lakes is important in the tradition of building Bugis houses in Tosora. The orientation of the layout and house direction in these traditional settlements is various, so the researchaimed to revealthe guidelines used by Tosora peoplein determining the orientation of Bugis Traditional houses either based on tradition or other influencing factors.Theresearch methodology usedqualitative methods with the Case Study Approach. Theresearch wasdescriptive and used the analysis method of Discovering Cultural Themes. The results showed that traditionally, the orientation ofBugis house layout was the direction of thehousesbased on the East wind, the position of the sun on the house and the position of the moon's light into the house. In addition, the orientation is determined by the layout of Bugis house in Tosora which is influenced by the existence of the historic sites (old / ancient mosques and squares) and the location ofthehouses from rice fields(workplaces) for easy accessibility. The moon symbol as a factor that influences the orientation of the house is different from thatin other settlements in Indonesia
INNOVATIVE SUSTAINABLE STREETSCAPE DESIGN ALONG KEMBANG JEPUN CORRIDOR SURABAYA
Full text linkKembang Jepun is an area of the old city of Surabaya known under the name of the Lower Town or "Beneden Stad" that developed since the 18th century which has buildings with several different periods starting in the 1870s up to the 1900s. Now Kembang Jepun area has been known as dense area filled with commercial buildings and less paying attention to the condition of the streetscape. As a historic area that continues to operate actively, Kembang Jepun corridor has great streetscape potential to be developed to produce an attractive city situation in terms of environment, social conditions and supporting urban economic development. In fact there are problems for instance lacking in greenery and safety as well as historical atmosphere. For this purpose, the study will use a focus group discussion approach, which is a method of discussion with several stakeholders to provide innovative design ideas in the development of streetscape that has meaning in sustainable urban development, because stakeholder participation is an important key factor in the sustainable design process. The expected result of this research is to develop innovative streetscape designs in the corridor by develop the potentials and still maintaining the cultural heritage buildings
CHANGE AND CONTINUITY OF THE TRADITIONAL JAVANESE LIFE STYLE OF ABDI DALEM HOUSES
Full text linkThis study aims to understand how the traditional Javanese life styles in Abdi dalem houses have continued, or transformed to adapt to modernization through the study of Abdi dalem Houses located at three hamlets near the Imogiri Royal Mataram Islam Graveyard Complex,Yogyakarta. Abdi dalem were not only the pioneer of the hamlet settlements, but also had considered as the priyayi who spread the Javanese culture to the village community. Focused on eighteen Abdi dalem houses in Pajimatan,Giriloyo,and Banyusumurup, the measurements of the houses, interviews with the residents, and direct observations of residents’ daily activities are applied for the methodology of this study.The findings of this study are; First, most of the residents have inherited the houses from the previous generations. They tend to maintain the four sokoguru as main traditional structure and houses traditional orientation; Second, Abdi dalem is still devout to be kawula for Kraton, so they are still avoiding any architectural elements which are resemblance to the royal graveyard architecture. Third, there are spatial function changes: the uses of sacred room changed to more profane function because of the space needs reason. The function of pendopo from social activities changed to the house extension. Fourth, the spatial addition of the house in pawon and dalem adressed to fulfill the modern lifestyle.This study concludes that Abdi dalem houses have maintained its traditional value in the aspect of the main structure, space, and kawula lan gusti obedience-life views. Pendopo and dalem has lost its initial function and meaning. Dalem and pawon are modified to adapt the modern life style