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Pertumbuhan dan hasil cabai merah (Capsicum annuum L) pada Andisol dengan pemberian berbagai sumber pupuk organik dan jenis endomikoriza
No full textThe Growth and Yield of Chili Peppers (Capsicum annuum L) on Andisol Using Various Organic Fertilizers and EndomycorrhizaeABSTRACT. This research aims to understand the effects of various organic fertilizers and endomychorrizae on the growth and yield of chili peppers on Andisol. This research uses a Randomized Block Design (RBD) of a 4 x 4 factorial design with three repetitions. The tested factors were: Organic Fertilizers, consisting of four levels, namely: O0: Without organic fertilizers, O1: Cow manure fertilizer, O2: Chicken manure fertilizer and O3: guano fertilizer, and Endomycorrhizae, consisting of four levels, namely: M0: Without endomycorrhizae, M1: Gigaspora fungi, M2: Glomus fungi, and M3: mixture of Gigaspora and Glomus fungi. This research was conducted at the Green House of Service Technical Implementation Unit (UPTD) of the Saree Horticulture Seed Center, LembahSeulawah District, Aceh Besar Regency, as well as the laboratories of Soil Science and Plant Pathology of the Faculty of Agriculture of Syiah Kuala University. The study was conducted from May to December 2013. The type of organic fertilizers used on the chili peppers affected their growth and yield. Chicken manure fertilizer improved their growth and yield better compared to those derived from cow manure and guano. The use of endomycorrhizae also affected the growth and yield of the chili peppers on Andisol. There were no differences between the two types of endomycorrhizae in regards to the growth or yield of the chili peppers
KEMAMPUAN BERTAHAN HIDUP TRICHODERMA HARZIANUM DAN TRICHODERMA VIRENS SETELAH DITUMBUHKAN BERSAMA DENGAN JAMUR PATOGEN TULAR TANAH SECARA IN VITRO
No full textThe experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Pathology Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University from February to June 2013. The purpose of study was to evaluate the survival of T. harzianum and T. virens after cohabiting with soil borne pathogenic fungi (Fusarium sp, Rhigidoporus sp, and Sclerotium sp) as well as the type of interaction. Trichoderma fungi and fungal pathogens were grown on PDA in vitro, and then observed their growth after being reisolated on 3 different growth zones. The results showed that T. harzianum and T. virens growing with Fusarium sp were capable to grow over the space. It was evident from the results of reinoculation on a petridish B (border zone) and C (zone Trichoderma) colonies, that T. harzianum and T. virens regrew, while the pathogens were not able to regrow. When cohabiting with Sclerotium sp and Rhigidoporus sp, antagonistic fungus regrew after reisolation but pathogens also grew on Petridis B (border zone). It indicates that on the contact area (petri dish B), Sclerotium sp and Rhigidoporus sp conduct defense over the competition. Regrowth of fungal pathogens on contact area (border) indicates that the fungus has a high level of competition. Antagonist agents such as T. virens and T. harzianum were able to survive and regrow after cohabiting with fungal pathogens and showed type A interaction (against Fusarium sp), while cohabiting with Sclerotium sp and Rhigidoporus sp showed the type B interaction
PEMBERIAN KALIUM PADA TANAH GAMBUT TERHADAP PRODUKSI, VIABILITAS, DAN VIGOR BENIH BEBERAPA VARIETAS KACANG TANAH
No full textThe research was aimed at finding out the relationship between potassium dosages on peats soil, yield, seedvigor, and viability of peanut. The experiment was arranged ina completely randomized design (CRD), factorial 5 x 4 with 3 replications. Potassium application was consisted of 5 levels: 0 kg ha-1, 25 kg ha-1, 50 kg ha-1, 75 kg ha-1, and 100 kg ha-1. Variety was consisted of 4 levels : Naga Umbang, Jerapah, Gajah and Bison. Variables observed were yield, seed vigor, and seed viability. Results showed that potassium did not exert significant effects on all variables observed, except on seed vigor and viability. Varieties significantly affected yield, where Bison provided the best dried pod weight and Jerapah gave the best seed vigor and viability. No significant interaction existed between varieties and dosage of K fertilizer on the peanut yield, seed vigor, and seed viability
PERANAN BERBAGAI JENIS BAHAN PEMBENAH TANAH TERHADAP STATUS HARA P DAN PERKEMBANGAN AKAR KEDELAI PADA TANAH GAMBUT ASAL AJAMU SUMATERA UTARA
No full textThe purpose of this research was to evaluate the influence of some types of soil ameliorans (lime, sea mud and some types of soil microorganisms) on P nutrient and soybean root development in peat soil. The experiment was carried out in the Greenhouse of Agriculture Faculty of USU, Soil Biology Laboratory, Central Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty of USU and Laboratory of Soil analysis at RISPA, from March to November 2011. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design, consisted of 13 treatments and two replicates. The treatments included control, dolomite lime, sea mud, lime + sea mud, Bradyrhizobium, mos, Mycorrhizal isolate of peat soil, mycorrhizal isolate of mineral soil, Bradyrhizobium + mos, mos + mycorrhizal isolate of peat soil isolates, mos + mineral soil mycorrhizal isolate, Bradyrhizobium + mos + mycorrhizal isolate of peat soil, Bradyrhizobium + mos + mycorrhizal isolate of mineral soil. Variables observed included soil pH, soil P available, plant P uptake, and weight of root dry. Types of amelioran exerted significant effect on soil pH, but did not exert significant effects on soil P available, plant P uptake, and weight of dry root
KARAKTERISASI KUALITAS BUAH EMPAT GENOTIP PEPAYA (Carica papaya L.) KOLEKSI BALAI PENELITIAN TANAMAN BUAH TROPIKA
No full textThe research was conducted at Post Harvest Laboratory of Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute (ITFRI) from March to May 2010. The design used was a randomized complete block design with 4 replicates. Papaya genotypes tested were BT-01, BT-02, BT-03, and BT-04. The results showed that papaya genotypes of BT-01, BT-02, BT-03, and BT-04 were not significantly different each other on physical fruit characters i.e. fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, and stem length. However, the thinnest fruit flesh was found at BT-3 genotype and the thicknest flesh was at BT-2 genotype. The lowest fruit cavity was found at genotype BT-1 and the highest was at the BT-2. The lowest hardness of fruit skin and flesh was found at genotype BT-4 and the highest hardness of skin was at BT-3, while the highest hardness of flesh was at BT-1 and BT-2. Chemical quality of total dissolved solid, vitamin C, acid content, and water content was not significantly different among the four genotypes BT-1, BT-2, BT-3, and BT 4
PENGARUH PUPUK ORGANIK DAN ANORGANIK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL KEDELAI (Glycine max (L.) Merril)
No full textThe research was aimed at determining effects of organic fertilizer D.I Grow and inorganic fertilizer NPK Yara Mila on growth and yield of soybean. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized (CRD) 4 x 4 with 3 replications. There were two factors observed, that were 1) concentration of organic fertilizer D.I Grow, consisting of 4 levels : 0 mL/L of water, 1 mL/L of water, 3 mL/L of water and 5 mL/L of water, and 2) inorganic fertilizer NPK, consisting of 4 levels : 0 g/plant, 2,5 g/plant, 5,0 g/plant and 7,5 g/plant. Results showed that the concentration of fertilizer D.I Grow exerted highly significant effects on dry seed weight per plant, yield potential, and significant effects on plant height at 30 and 45 days after planting (DAP), stem diameter at 45 DAP, and seed dry weight of 100 grains, but did not exert significant effects on plant height at 15 DAP and stem diameter at 15 and 30 DAP. The best growth and yield were obtained at a concentration of DI Grow 5 mL /L of water. NPK fertilizer significantly affected plant height at 45 DAP, stem diameter at 30 and 45 DAP, dry seed weight per plant, and yield potential, but did not significantly affect plant height of 15 and 30 DAP, stem diameter at 15 DAP, weight of 100 grain and seed dry weight of 100 grains. The best growth and yield were obtained at a dose of 7.5 g NPK/plant. There were highly significant interactions between concentration of D.I Grow and dosage of NPK on dry seed weight per plant and yield potential. The best yield was obtained at a combination of D.I Grow 5 mL/L of water and 7.5 g of NPK plant
PERIODE KRITIS TANAMAN KEDELAI TERHADAP PERSAINGAN GULMA
No full textThe research was aimed at determining a critical period of soybean in competition with weeds. The experiment was conducted in Seunebok Baro Village, Sub-District Cot Girek, District Aceh Utara, from January to May 2013. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design. Factor evaluated was a period weed competition with 14 levels and three replications. Variables observed were growth plant component, yield component, and weed compositions. The results showed that period weed competition affected growth plant component and yield component. Critical period of soybean variety Kipas Merah in competition with weeds occurred at 2 - 6 weeks after planting. Dominant weed species were Dichrocephala integrifolia, Mimosa pudica, Ipomoea triloba, Ageratum conyzoides, Cleome rutidosperma, and Axsonopus compressus. Minimum scale of weed control for soybean variety Kipas Merah can be carried out from 2 until 6 weeks after planting for preventing yield loss
PENGARUH PEMUPUKAN KALIUM TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN POPULASI KUTU DAUN (Aphis glycines Matsumura) DAN HASIL KEDELAI
No full textThe research was aimed at studying effects of potassium on the development of Aphis glycines populations and soybean yield. The experiment was conducted in Village Rayeuk Naleung, Sub district Tanah Luas, District North Aceh from July to September 2013. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replicates. The treatment was without fertilizer, potassium fertilizer at a dose of 25 kg/ha K2O, 50 kg K2O/ha and 75 kg K2O/ha. The variables observed were populations of A. glycines and components of yield soybean. The results showed that potassium at doses of 75 kg K2O/ha can reduce populations of A. glycines and soybean yield increase as compared to potassium fertilization at a dose of 25 kg/ha K2O and 50 kg K2O/ha
PENGGUNAAN GUANO DAN PUPUK NPK-MUTIARA UNTUK MEMPERBAIKI KUALITAS MEDIA SUBSOIL DAN PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq)
No full textUtilization of subsoil as a growing medium for the nursery is a challenge to replace the role of topsoil as media for oil palm nurseries mainly on main nursery. This research was aimed at studying the effects of organic Guano and inorganic NPK fertilizer on oil palm seedling growth on sub soil growing media. The experiment was conducted in a pot, arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), factorial 4x3 with 3 replicates. There were two factors examined, 1) guano dose consisting of four levels, namely: 0 kg, 0.5 kg, 1.0 kg and 1.5 kg/polybags and 2) inorganic fertilizers NPK consisting of three levels, namely: 0, 15, and 30 g/polybags. The results showed that subsoil can be used for growing media with applications of fertilizer Guano and inorganic NPK fertilizer. Guano and NPK fertilizer affected several soil chemical properties, i.e. increase in soil pH, available total C and N and P, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) and affected growth of oil palm seedling at age 16 weeks after planting. The best combination for the best seedling growth was obtained at 1.5 kg Guano + 30 kg NPK
PENGARUH UMUR SIMPAN DAN SKARIFIKASI TERHADAP VIABILITAS BENIH SIRSAK (Annona muricata L)
No full textSeed viability is influenced by genetic factors, seed ages, and the physical properties of the seed itself. This research was aimed at determining effects of seed storage life and scarification on seed viability of soursop. The experiment was conducted from March to May 2013 in Sumani Experimental Tropical Fruit Research Institute Solok, West Sumatra. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications. The study consisted of two sets of treatments. The first was seed storage, i.e., 6 months storage and without storage and the second one was seed scarification, i.e. without scarification and scarified seeds. The results showed that the soursop seeds that were stored for six months decreased germination rate (GR) from 82.5% to 65.0% and decreased maximum growth potential (MGP) from 86.0% to 70.5% but did not decrease vigor index and seedling height. In addition, seed scarification lowered vigor index and dry weight of normal seedling. Unscarified seeds did not lower GR and this suggests that scarification by cutting the base of the seeds is not effective for soursop seed