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PENGARUH TINGKAT KEMASAKAN BUAH DAN CARA PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP VIABILITAS DAN VIGOR BENIH KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.)
No full textThis study was aimed at determining seed viability and vigor of cocoa on some levels of fruit maturity and storage methods. The results showed that levels of fruit maturity did not significantly affect growth potential, germination, seedling vigor and growth rates of cocoa seeds. Storage method exerted highly significant effects on growth potential, germination, seedling vigor and growth rates of cocoa seeds. The best cocoa seed viability and vigor were found at a storage by using a paper straw. There was no significant interaction between level of fruit maturity and storage method on growth potential, germination, seedling vigor and growth rates of cocoa seeds
EFFECT OF LOW LEVEL OF OZONE ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF BOTRYTIS ACLADA IN VITRO
No full textPenyakit pasca panen yang disebabkan oleh mikroba menyebabkan kerugian yang sangat besar setiap tahunnya. Pada pertanian konvensional, fungisida sudah digunakan selama bertahun-tahun untuk mengendalikan patogen pada tanaman. Sebagaimana telah diketahui, penggunaan bahan kimia secara terus menerus dapat berdampak buruk terhadap lingkungan dan menyebabkan resistensi. Ozon telah dianjurkan oleh para ahli sebagai alternatif pengendalian penggunaan bahan sintetik pada pengawetan bahan makanan karena ozon tidak meninggalkan residu pada bahan simpanan sehingga lebih aman untuk dikonsumsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh ozon pada konsentrasi rendah (180 ppb) terhadap perkembangan koloni dan spora yang dihasilkan oleh Botrytis aclada secara in vitro. Dua tipe inokulum digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah miselia dan spora. Keduanya merupakan penyebab kerusakan pada bahan simpanan. Jamur yang diuji disimpan di dalam kotak yang dialiri ozon dengan suhu 7-8oC selama 14 hari. Pengamatan terhadap perkembangan koloni dilakukan dengan mengukur diameter koloni, sementara spora yang dihasilkan diamati pada hari ke 14 masa inkubasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemaparan ozon pada konsentrasi 180 ppb selama 14 hari tidak menurunkan perkembangan koloni B. aclada, tetapi efektif mengurangi jumlah spora yang dihasilkan
PENGUJIAN MODEL SIMULASI VIGOR KEKUATAN TUMBUH BENIH KEDELAI (Glycine max (L) Merril) PADA KONDISI LAHAN STRES OKSIGEN
No full textThe research objectives were to study relationships between soybean seed vigor in laboratory and seed growth in field. The research was carried out in Laboratory Seed Science and Technology and Seed Experimental Farm of Agriculture Faculty, University of Syiah Kuala, Darussalam Banda Aceh. Experimental design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) 2x5 with 3 replications in the laboratory and a split plot design with 3 replications in the field. The factors examined were soybean varieties and oxygen. The varieties were consisted of Pandermau S-37, Local of Bireuen, Wilis, Orba, local of Tasikmalaya. The oxygen was consisted of 2 levels, i.e. oxygen stress and normal oxygen. Variables observed in the laboratory were seedling growth rate and dry weight of normal seedling, while in the field were soybean growth rate and dry weight of plant. Results showed that growth of the five varieties on the field of oxygen stress can be simulated through examination in laboratory. Of the two variables observed, seedling growth rate was more sensitive for the purpose. On the other hand, dry weight of seedling was less precise for simulating that condition
SIFAT-SIFAT TANAH DAN AIR YANG TERPENGARUH TSUNAMI DI KECAMATAN LHOONG KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR
No full textABSTRACTThe aims of the research were to evaluate soil characteristics, to study land suitability and to propose recommendation of land use and rehabilitation of the tsunami affected agricultural area in Lhoong Sub-District. The result showed that soil textures were varied from very coarse at the area near the coastline to rather fine at the area far from the coast. The soil structures of topsoil were generally plate and blocky, and at subsoil generally massive. The quality of irrigation water in Sub District of Lhoong was still suitable for crops. The pH of water was neutral and low in salinity (0, 4 mS cm-1). The recommendations for land of class A were (1) cleaning and repairing of irrigation and drainage channel, (2) leaching of salinity in topsoil from soil profile by flooding method (irrigation basin) or furrow irrigation, (3) making the ditches for cultivation in managing the excess of salinity, (4) establishing ditches for paddy, and (5) requiring a specified amount of water for the leaching processes and the amount of water required for crops. The recommendation for land class B were (1) cleaning and repairing of irrigation and drainage channel, (2) removing the sediment above the topsoil, (3) leaching the salt from topsoil passing soil profile by irrigation water, (4) constructing ditches for cultivation in managing the excess of salinity
PEGARUH METODE DAN LAMA FERMENTASI TERHADAP MUTU MOL (MIKROORGANISME LOKAL)
No full textMOL (Local Microorganism) is one of the key factors to determine the success in manufacturing of organic fertilizer. MOL can fully substitute EM4 (Effective Microorganism) widely being sold in market, as starter to accelerate composting process. The MOL in the experiment was produced from agricultural waste likes in consumable fruits. The experiment was aimed to investigate a better fermentation method in the production of MOL. A Split Plot Design with fermentation methods (with and without applying of air channel) as main plot and length of fermentation (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 weeks) as sub-plot were applied to produce MOL, with 2 replications. With air channel, the gas produced from the fermentation process could be channeled out of the fermentation container. Analysis of MOL quality included total microorganisms (TCC), temperature, pH, and color. In general, result showed that the MOLs produced from fermentations without air channel were better than the ones produced from with air channel. The highest amount of TCC in MOL was produced from 3 weeks fermentation without air channel
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK ORGANIK DAN JENIS MULSA ORGANIK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL KEDELAI (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)
No full textA study to determine a right concentration of organic fertilizer Super Nasa and type of organic mulches on growth and yield of soybeans has been conducted. The experiment used a factorial randomized complete block design 4 x 3 with 3 replications. Factors studied were concentrations of organic fertilizer Super Nasa, consisting of 4 levels: 0, 5, 10, 15 g/L of water and types of organic mulches, consisting of three levels: printing newspaper, bagasse, and paddy stalk. Results showed that the concentrations of organic fertilizer Super Nasa exerted highly significant effects on dried grain weight per plot netto and dried seed weight per hectare and exerted a significant effect on plant height 45 day after planting, but exerted no significant effect on other variables. The best growth and yield of soybean were found at a concentration of organic fertilizers Super Nasa 10 g/L of water. Types of organic mulches did not affect all variables observed. However, Soybean yield was apparently better at printing newspaper. There was no significant interaction between concentration of organic fertilizer Super Nasa and types of organic mulches on all growth and yield variables observed
PENGARUH JENIS AMELIORAN TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS DAN INFEKTIVITAS MIKROBA PADA TANAH GAMBUT DENGAN KEDELAI SEBAGAI TANAMAN INDIKATOR
No full textThe objectives of this research were to study effects of some ameliorants (calcify dolomite, sea mud, and some biofertilizers) to some variables of C-organic, C/N, soil nitrogen, soil available P, N and P absorption, the infection of Bradyrhizobium and mycorrhiza, and soybean growth. This research was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with thirteen treatments and two replicates. Provision of some amelioran exerted significant effects on numbers of root nodules, degree of mycorrhiza infection, and plant height of 5 week after planting (WAP). The best amelioran was calcify dolomite on which had positive responses to the increase of numbers of root nodules, degree of mycorrhiza infection, and plant height of 5 WAP. The second best was combination of Bradyrhizobium +Mos+ peat soil isolate mycorrhiza, which significantly increased numbers of root nodules, degree of mycorrhiza infection, and plant height of 5 WAP. The poor and the poorest ameliorants were sea mud+calcify dolomite and sea mud without dolomite, respectively, which caused reduction of numbers of root nodules, degree of mycorrhiza infection, and plant height of 5 WAP
UPAYA PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM DENGAN PEMANFAATAN AGEN HAYATI CENDAWAN FMA DAN TRICHODERMA HARZIANUM
No full textThe objectives of the research were to determine effectiveness of antagonist T. harzianum and fungi micorrhyze in suppressing growth of Fusarium oxysporum on tomato. The research used a factorial completely randomized design, consisting of sixteen combination treatments and three replications. The first factor was doses of T. harzianum, consisting of four levels, i.e. 0, 15, 30, and 45 g.polybag-1. The second factor was doses of micorrhyze, also consisting of four levels, i.e. 0, 5, 10, and 15 g.polybag-1. Variables observe were incubation period, length of xylem discoloration and percentage of wilting plant. The data were analyzed statistically by analysis of variance. The least significant difference test (LSD) at the 0.05 level was used to see the difference between the treatments. The results showed that applications of fungi mycorhize and T. harzianum affected growth of F. Oxysporum f sp. Lycopersici. The incubation period of F. oxysporum on tomato was longer, 20.5 days when applied with mycorrhize 15 g.polybag-1 and T. harzianum 45 g.polybag-1 compared to control 17.75 days. The length of xylem discoloration was only 2.39 cm when treated with FMA 15 g.polybag-1 compared to control 13.44 cm, while xylem discoloration was 6.56 cm when applied with T. harzianum 45 g.polybag-1 compared to control 8.65 cm. Application of mycorrhize 15 g.polybag-1 and T. harzianum 45 g.polybag-1 caused a decreased percentage of wilting plant. The percentage of wilting plant was 35 % when treated with FMA 15 g.polybag-1 compared to control 74.28% and 42.50% when treated with T. harzianum 45 g.polybag-1 compared to control 54.64%. There was no interaction between fungi mycorrhize and T. harzianum for xylem discoloration and percentage of wilting plant
PENGARUH TIPE JARAK TANAM TERHADAP ANAKAN, KOMPONEN HASIL, DAN HASIL DUA VARIETAS PADI PADA METODE SRI
No full textThe objective of this study was to test three types of plant spacing on two varieties of rice on growth, yield components, and yield of rice. This experiment used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications. Factors studied were types of plant spacing and varieties.The results showed that the types of plant spacing significantly affected rice yield.However, the types of plant spacing did not significantly affect age of flowering, panicle length, and number of grains per panicle.On the rice yield variable, Legowo and triangle (hexagonal) types of plant spacing gave higher yields than rectangular type.Variety significantly affected age of flowering, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, and yield of rice.Pandan Wangi bloomed faster than Cot Irie line.However, Cot Irie line had longer panicles and more grain numbers, and higher yields than Pandan Wangi.There was a significant interaction between varieties and types of plant spacing on a number of productive tillers.On Pandan Wangi, the most productive tillers were found in a rectangular type of spacing, but not significantly different to a triangular type of spacing.The least number of productive tillers was found in a type of Legowo.However, on Cot Irie line, the number of productive tillers did not differ from each other among the types of plant spacing
PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL JAMUR MERANG AKIBAT PERBEDAAN MEDIA TANAM DAN KONSENTRASI PUPUK SUPER A-1
No full textThe objectives of this study were to investigate several media and liquid organic fertilizer on the growth and the yield of mushroom (Volvariella Volvaceae L) and also to identify the interactions between the two factors. The research was conducted at Lee Guna Gampong Peurada Banda Aceh from 15 June to 23 July 2010. A factorial randomized completely design with three replications was used in this experiment. The first factor evaluated was medium (dried rice stalks, cane bagasse, and cardboard), and the second factor was Super A-1 fertilizer concentrations (0 cc, 7.5, and 15 cc/L). The results showed that media significantly affected stem weight and cap diameter of mushroom. However, the media did not influence primordial initiation, the number of mushrooms, length and diameter of stems. Mushrooms grew best on the medium of cane bagasse. Super A-1 concentration significantly influenced the number of mushrooms, diameter of mushroom cap, and stem diameter, but did not affect mushroom weight. The best concentration of Super A-1 for mushrooms growth was 15cc/L. There were no interactions between the media and concentration Super A-1 based on variables observed in this experiment