Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia
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Karakteristik Risiko Kesehatan Non Karsinogen Pada Remaja Siswa Akibat Pajanan Inhalasi Debu Particulate Matter
Get PDFIncrease in transport vehicles causes air pollution. Major pollutant of PM2.5 provides an enormous impacton health. Basin condition in Bandung causes the pollutants to be trapped because the pollutant cannot be released.The aim of this research is to analyze the health risks of junior high school students of SMPN 16 Bandungdue to PM2.5 inhalation exposure in the school environment by using Environmental Health Risk Assessment method.PM2.5 concentration assessment was conducted at 10 points with a sample of 66 students’ grade VIII selectedrandomly. The average concentration of PM2.5, which was 29.34 μg/m3 was still below the standard value regulatedby Government Regulation No. 41 of 1999 (65 μg/Nm3). The increased in real-time intake for 3 years and 12years respectively were 7.53x10-5, 1.25x10-4, 5.02x10-4 mg/kg/day. PM2.5 intake was higher in students with lightweight than students with heavy weight. Estimated health risks was expressed as risk quotient (RQ) calculatedfrom the average of PM2.5 exposure intake on students and reference dose (RfC), RQ>1 indicated the risk needed tobe controlled. The results of the analysis with the duration of real-time exposure for 3 years and 12 years showeda safe limit to PM2.5 exposure (RQ<1). Overall grade VIII students are not at risk of PM2.5 inhalation exposure inschool environments
Penurunan Derajat Kesehatan Pedagang Akibat Pajanan Debu PM10 di Kawasan Pasar Siteba Kota Padang
No full textPM10 is a harmful dust that can cause various health problems, especially increased respiratory diseases.This study aims to determine the level of environmental health risk through the analysis of risk of PM10 exposureto traders in Siteba market area and risk management can be done. This research uses Environmental Health RiskAssessment (EHRA) method. The study was conducted from November 2016 to March 2017, with 45 respondents.The sampling technique is accidental sampling. Data analysis is univariate and EHRA. The average concentrationof PM in the three sampling sites was 150 μm/Nm3. The reference concentration value (RfC) of PM10 is 0.014mg/kg/day. The lifetime value of PM10 through inhalation at Kodam Intersection and Perumnas Intersection hasa value of RQ>1, indicating that the exposure is not safe for traders so it is necessary to control and based onPM10 exposure of realtime intake through inhalation in the three sampling sites indicates that exposure is safe ornot there is a risk to the trader with a RQ value <1. The results of the lifetime risk show that two sampling sitesof Kodam Intersection and Perumnas Intersection have risks with RQ>1, which shows that traders are at risk ofdeveloping respiratory problems in the next 30 years
Disparitas Kematian Maternal di Indonesia: Studi Ekologi dengan Analisis Spasial
Get PDFThis study is an analyze disparity of maternal mortality in Indonesia with spatial analysis using intermediatefactor such as maternal health service, reproduction status, socio economic and demography. This studyaimed to spatially analyze disparity of maternal mortality, analyze the influence and risk of maternal mortality onintermediate factors, and provide recommendations on maternal health problems in Indonesia. This study usingecological study design (agrerat studies), spatial analysis, bivariate analysis, and multivariate analysis. Unit ofanalysis in this study is districts/cities in Indonesia. The results showed that disparity of maternal mortality causedby intermediate factor gap between districts/cities in Indonesia, with the highest risk of maternal mortality occurredin eastern Indonesia. The dominant variables related to maternal mortality, namely population density withOR:0,283 (95% CI:0,185-0,430) and childbirth by skilled health personal with OR:1,745 (95% CI:1,081-2,815).The high risk of maternal mortality occurred in districts/cities with low coverage of fourth pregnancy (K4), lowbirth attendance (PN) coverage, low postpartum (KF) coverage, average number of children, low average education,and high povert
Dampak Kebijakan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional terhadap Efisiensi Rumah Sakit: Studi Kasus di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan
Get PDFManaging the hospital efficiency with still control the hospital quality and cost is a key to survive in NationalHealth Insurance Era. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of the implementation of theNational Health Insurance Policy (NHI) on the efficiency level of Hospital in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia.The level of efficiency was analyzed using the Data Envelopment Analysis method. The study population was allBLUD hospitals in South Sulawesi Province. The Samples of research were 25 hospitals. Data from years 2014 to2017 are used to analyze. The results showed, in average the hospitals achive the efficiency level only in year 2016.In years 2014, 2015 and 2017 the hospitals were not efficient. The changing in the healthcare system, especially onpayment system to hospitals in JKN era, have had a negative impact on the level of hospital efficiency because theunadequate INA CBGs Tariff and hospital claims payment disrupted. Therefore, the government needs to overcomethose problems
Formulasi dan Karakteristik Bihun Tinggi Protein dan Kalsium dengan Penambahan Tepung Tulang Ikan Patin (Pangasius Hypopthalmus) Untuk Balita Stunting
Get PDFStunting is the nutritional problems in Indonesia. The direct cause of stunting was infectious disease andinadequate food intake such as protein and calcium deficiency. Patin fishbone powder contain high in protein, calciumand phosphor needed for growth children under five years. Utilization of patin fishbone powder is processedinto flour and made rice noodle for children under five years stunting. The aims of the research were to determinethe best formula and characteristics of rice noodles high protein and calcium with addition of patin fishbone powder(Pangasius hypopthalmus) for children under five years stunting. A complete randomized design was used forthe experiment. Variables analyzed were : chemical properties (water content, total fat, total protein, carbohydrateby difference and ash content), calcium and phosphor, and sensory properties (hedonic test and hedonic quality).Hedonic test was conducted to determine the level of consumer acceptance of 25 semi-trained panelists. Data wereanalyzed by ANOVA. The results showed rice n noodles with addition of patin fishbone powder (HypopthalmusPangasius) water content 6.79%, ash 64.23%, protein content 20.39%, fat content 3.36%, carbohydrate 8.35%,calsium 1002.00 mg/100g and fosfor 12.80 mg/100g. Based on ANOVA test there is the effect of addition of patinfishbone flour to taste (p=0,001) and smell (p=0,041) , while color (p=0.116) and texture (p=0,102) have no effect.The best formula was rice noodles from F1 (4%) for children under five years stunting
Manfaat Media Flipchart dan Spanduk dalam Perilaku Kesehatan 1000 HPK di Sulawesi Tengah
Get PDFFlipchart and banner are communications media in behavioral change that can improve the effectiveness ofthe specific program effort of the first 1000 days of life. This study aims to prove the benefits of Flipchart media andbanners in health behavior of 1000 HPK in Central Sulawesi. The quasi-experimental design of pretest and posttest with control design is consisted of three groups of flipchart (n=32), banner (n=32) and control (n=31). TheIntervention of study is held for 6 months in Sigi, Touna and Bangkep regencies from April 15 to October 28, 2016.The population is mothers with children aged 6-23 months with 95 people sample. The data were analyzed by chisquare,paired t test and anova test. The results showed that after 6 months intervention there was an increase inthe mean behavior of 0.53±0.8 in group I with the Flipchart intervention and the mean behavior improvement of0.71±0.7 in group II with banner intervention. Increased mean behavior of intergroup I with Flipchart intervention,group II with banner and control interventions was significantly different (p=0,002). A significantly improvedbehavior is the regular weighing behavior of children. Flipcharts and beneficial banners improve the health behaviorof the first 1000 days of life in Central Sulawesi
Penerapan School Based Vector Control (SBVC) untuk Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Vektor Penyakit di Sekolah
Get PDFEfforts to achieve a healthy school free vectors need to be improved because of the increasing number ofvector-transmitted diseases such as scabies, dermatitis, diarrhoea, typhoid, and dengue in students. Steps that canbe taken to establish a clean and healthy lifestyle in preventing and controlling the disease vector breeding eitherby implementing the School-Based Vector Control (SBVC) in school. Application of this SBVC emphasis on awarenessand concern of students in the control and the creation of a healthy environment. The research objective is theestablishment of a model SBVC and gets an idea of the effectiveness of the model SBVC as improving the PHBs andthe creation of a healthy environment to the students. The research was done in SMP Islam Sultan Agung 4, Semarang.The study population was all students of SMP Islam Sultan Agung 4 Semarang. Samples are students whohave health problems and unhealthy as many as 30 students. This type of research is a Quasi-Experiments withnon-randomized design one group pretest-posttest design. The data collection is done by observation, interviews,and questionnaires. The instrument of research is observation checklists and questionnaires. Univariate and bivariatedata analysis by Wilcoxon statistical test. The results showed indicators of personal hygiene, hygiene inthe classroom, cleanliness in toilets and ablution and cleanliness in the schoolyard before and after application ofSBVC increased significantly (p <0.05). So that a clean and healthy living behaviour in students in the preventionand control of vector at school increased significantly (p = 0.00)
Theory of Planned Behavior sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Kepatuhan pada Klien Diabetes Melitus
Get PDFDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease that often caused complications that require care and long-termtreatment. Preliminary study obtained from 10 respondents, 50% of clients difficult to comply with diet , 60% felttired and bored to the treatment of diabetes, 10% of clients have regular exercise , and 50% of clients said thatfear of complications of DM. The purpose of this study is developing model improved compliance based Theoryof Planned Behavior in client type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Community Health Centre Gundih Surabaya. Thisstudy used explanative observational with cross sectional approach. The population in this research is type 2DM client who lives in community health centre Gundih Surabaya. Sampling technique used purposive samplingand 100 patient obtained as a sample. The variables in this study were age, sex, education, knowledge, attitudes,subjective norms, perceptions of control, intention, compliance management of diabetes and blood sugar levels.Data collection was using questionnaire and analyzed using PLS (Partial Least Square). Statistic analysis resultshows there is significant relationship between attitude, subjective norm and percieved behavioral control towardintention with t-value 13,935. There is significant relationship between intention with compliance with t-value7,80.There is significant relationship between compliance and blood sugar level with t-value 4,592. Theory ofPlanned Behavior (TPB) stated that behavior could effectd by intention, attitude, subjctive norm and percievedbehavioral control
Level Aktivitas Fisik dan Kualitas Hidup Warga Lanjut Usia
Get PDFA previous study showed active participation in physical exercise program was the major factorrelated to better quality of life in Community Elderly Care Services (CECS) participants. This study,therefore, undertaken to know the relationship between physical activity level and quality of life ofthe elderly at Bambanglipuro subdistrict, Bantul. A cross-sectional study was conducted from June-September 2017. Samples were 123 elderly subjects selected with consecutive sampling technique.Physical activity level was measured with IPAQ-short form. Quality of life was measured with The SF-36 Health Survey, including the Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary(MCS). Data then were analyzed using chi-square test and Multiple Logistic Regression. Results showedmost of the elderly have better PCS and MCS (69,1%;76,4%). Multivariate analysis showed high physicalactivity level and the absence of hypertension was related to better PCS (aPR=9.38; 95%CI=1.81-48.45 vs aPR=5.12; 95%CI=1.55-16.93) and better MCS (aPR=11.87; 95%CI=2.50-56.33 vs aPR=4.39; 95%CI=1.16-16.70). High physical activity level and the absence of hypertension were related tobetter quality of life of the elderly
Komitmen Politik dan Peluang Pengembangan Kebijakan Gizi Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur
Get PDFEast Nusa Tenggara is one of the regions in Indonesia with highest prevalence of malnutrition. Manystudies had identified that political commitment is one of important reason for the low priority of malnutritioninterventions and knowing the policy windows of opportunity could help to advance a new issue and solution. Thisstudy aims to assess political commitment and opportunities to advance nutrition policy reform. This research isa descriptive using primary and secondary data. Primary data collected using PCOM-RAT questionnaire, a rapidassessment tool for identifying political commitment and policy windows of opportunity. The informants were fromNTT Health Office, NTT Development Planning Agency, health academics, and NTT representative of UNICEFwho involved in nutrition policy planning from government and non-government. Data were analyzed descriptivelytoward the result scoring. Results showed that political leaders had verbally and symbolically committedto addressing nutrition problem, but lack of budgetary alocation. Media identified for being incomprehension inreporting nutrition problem without any credible indicators and a well thought-out policy alternative were presentbut still had no feasibility to be implemented