Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science)
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Pertumbuhan, Produktivitas, dan Rendemen Minyak Kelapa Sawit di Dataran Tinggi
Get PDFPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan, produktivitas dan rendemen minyak kelapa sawit yang ditanam pada dataran tinggi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada empat lokasi penelitian dengan ketinggian tempat 50, 368, 693 dan 865 m dpl yang berada di wilayah Sumatera Utara. Penelitian disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok menggunakan kelapa sawit jenis tenera pada kelompok tanaman muda yang berumur 7 – 8 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan tanaman kelapa sawit di dataran tinggi yang meliputi panjang rachis, indeks luas daun, bobot kering daun, tinggi tanaman, volume batang dan bobot kering batang memiliki nilai lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanaman kelapa sawit di dataran rendah. Produktivitas tertinggi mencapai 28,5 ton TBS/ha/tahun pada penanaman kelapa sawit di ketinggian 368 m dpl. Rendemen minyak tertinggi 25,9% dicapai pada ketinggian tempat 50 m dpl. Kandungan karoten tertinggi 590,8 ppm dan nilai indeks panen tertinggi 0,39 dicapai oleh tanaman kelapa sawit di dataran rendah dengan ketinggian 368 m dpl
Farmers Entrepreneurship and Performance of Red Onion Farming in Bantul District
Get PDFThe purposes of this study were: (1) To identify the level of onion farmers entrepreneurship in Bantul district, (2) To determine the influence of individual factors, physical, social, economic and institutional environment on the level of farmers entrepreneurship and performance of red onion farming in Bantul district, and (3) To determine the effect of the level farmers entrepreneurship on performance of red onion farming in Bantul district. The method study uses descriptive analytical, which analyzed the data further to find a relationship or ratio between the variables in the theoretical framework of thinking. Data collection using questionnaires previously tested the validity of using Product Moment Correlation and reliability testing using Cronbach Alpha coefficients. Data analysis techniques broadly consists of three stages: a preliminary analysis to calculate individual farm performance indicators (produtifitas, revenue and Private Cost Ratio), descriptive analysis of the percentage of the study variables and analysis of structural equation model (SEM). The research results showed that the level of red onion farmers entrepreneurship in Bantul categorized high with an overall average percentage of 70.87%. Individual factors, physical, social, economic and institutional environment positive and significant impact on the farmers entrepreneurship and performance of farming. The factor that has the greatest positive effect of individual factors followed by the institutional environment. The physical environment and the economy have the same magnitude, while the smallest is the social environment influences. Farmer entrepreneurship positive effect on farm performance and has an important role in mediating the influence of individual and environmental factors on farm performance. These results provide evidence for the idea that entrepreneurial farmers is something that can be grown and can be considered to be a new approach in improving farm performanc
Prediksi Neraca Air Untuk Menentukan Masa Tanam Tebu di Kecamatan Kalasan, Sleman
Get PDFPerubahan pola curah hujan di Indonesia telah terjadi sejak beberapa decade terakhir. Perubahan ini menyebabkan terjadinya pergeseran musim di beberapa daerah. Tanaman tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) merupakan tanaman yang membutuhkan banyak air pada fase vegetative tetapi membutuhkan kondisi kering ketika menjelang panen. Penentuan masa tanam yang kurang tepat dapat menurunkan hasil produksi bahkan gagal panen. Penelitian penentuan masa tanam tebu dilakukan di Kecamatan Kalasan, Sleman. Daerah ini merupakan lahan tadah hujan. Curah hujan sangat berpengaruh terhadap ketersediaan lengas tanah pada lahan tadah hujan. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data curah hujan bulanan selama 10 tahun terakhir (2002 -2011), suhu, kelembaban, kecepatan angin, lama penyinaran, sifat fisik tanah dan data tanaman. Penelitian ini didahului dengan membangkitkan data curah hujan bulanan 10 tahun ke depan (2012-2022) dengan menggunakan model Thomas-Fiering. Data curah hujan bangkitan ini digunakan untuk membuat neraca air. Neraca air menggambarkan kondisi surplus dan defisit ketersediaan lengas tanah. Data analisis neraca air menunjukkan bahwa masa tanam tebu yang tepat adalah September- Agustus dan Oktober-September
Competitive and Comparative Advantages Analysis of Organic Rice Farming in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java Province
Get PDFIn era of the free trade which increasingly competitive, it is important to understandthe competitiveness of foodstuff commodity by every country. Public awareness of health hazards and adverse environmental impacts, as well as the trend of consumers choosing safe foodstuffs, lead to a shift to the cultivation of organic systems. This paper uses Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) analysis to determine whether rice farming system has a comparative and competitive advantages when produced with organic farming practices. The purposes of this paper are to (1) Analyse the financial and economic advantages of organic rice farming in Karanganyar. (2) Analyse competitiveness of organic rice in Karanganyar Regency viewed from competitive advantage and comparative advantage. Based on the data analysis,results show that the organic rice farming in Karanganyar Regency has a competitive advantage and comparative advantage, indicated by PCR and DRC value that is less than one. The competitive advantage of organic rice in Karanganyar Regency is greater than the comparative advantage. PCR coefficient amount of 0.74 and DRC coefficient amount of 0.56. Thus organic rice farming in Karanganyar Regency is worth developing and has good competitiveness in domestic market as well as international market
Survey and Detection of Pectobacterium atrosepticum in Major Potato-Growing Areas in Central Java Province, Indonesia
Get PDFPotato (Solanum tuberosum) is a seasonal shrub-tuber crop originated from sub-tropical area. Soft-rot is one of the most important diseases of potato. It can be caused by Pectobactorium atrosepticum, a pathogen within a status of quarantine plant pest A1 type I in Indonesia. The objective of this study was to know the incidence of potato soft rot disease and to detect P. atrosepticum in major potato-growing areas in Central Java Province by applying the serology method using DAS-ELISA technique. Survey of soft rot disease was carried out in some regencies in Central Java Province, i.e. Magelang, Banjarnegara, Wonosobo and Karanganyar. The field survey of potato plant in all the regencies indicated symptoms of stem rot which was black in color (blackleg) and foul-smelling, with disease incidence of about 10–90%. The laboratory testing showed that by applying DAS-ELISA method, P. atrosepticum was detected in samples collected from Pandean and Bagongan villages, district of Ngablak,Regency of Magelang, Central Java Province
Penurunan Kadar Glukosida Sianogenik Biji Koro Benguk (Mucuna Pruriens, d.c.) oleh Aktivitas Fermentasi Aspergillus Oryzae, A. Sojae, Rhizopus Oligosporus dan R. Oryzae.
No full textPenggunaan Pestisida Oleh Petani Tanaman Pangan di Propinsi Jawa Tengah dan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta pada tahun 1989
No full textPotensi Jamur Mikoriza Arbuskular Unggul Dalam Peningkatan Pertumbuhan Dan Kesehatan Bibit Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.)
Get PDFTebu merupakan salah satu komoditas perkebunan penting bagi perekonomian nasional dan berperan dalam mendorong pengembangan wilayah dan agroindustri. Indonesia telah mencanangkan untuk swasembada gula, sehingga peningkatan produksi tebu yang merupakan salah satu bahan pokok gula, harus dilakukan. Mikoriza merupakan suatu bentuk hubungan simbiosis mutualistik antara jamur dan perakaran tumbuhan tingkat tinggi. Jamur Mikoriza Arbuskular (JMA) dapat mempercepat laju pertumbuhan, meningkatkan kualitas dan daya hidup bibit tanaman dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman lahan kritis. Penelitian ini meliputi identifikasi jenis JMA yang paling dominan pada semua isolat yang diperoleh dari rizosfer tebu, perbanyakan starter inokulum JMA, dan inokulasi pada bibit tebu. Hasil isolasi JMA dari berbagai lokasi, diperoleh 6 genus JMA, yaitu: Glomus, Gigaspora, Acaulospora, Scutellospora, Entrophospora, dan Sclerocystis. Genus Glomus merupakan genus yang dominan dan digunakan dalam pengujian selanjutnya. Hasil uji infektivitas dengan menggunakan klon tebu PS 862 menunjukkan bahwa isolat PKP, MS, KLT, dan BTG yang masing-masing berasal dari Kulon Progo, Sleman, Klaten, dan Batang menunjukkan infektivitas yang paling tinggi dan dapat dijadikan kandidat bahan pupuk hayati. Penambahan JMA pada bibit tebu dapat mengurangi intensitas penyakit karat jingga; penyakit utama pada bibit tebu, yang berarti JMA berpotensi sebagai agens pengendali hayati
Root Morphology of Eight Hybrid Oil Palms Under Iron (Fe) Toxicity
Get PDFThe research aims to study the change of morphology root characters of eight hybrid oil palms under iron toxicity (Fe). Field experiment done in arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) two factors and three blocks as replications. The first factor was Fe concentration. It consists of two levels which are concentration 0µ.g-1 and concentration 600 µg.g-1 Fe. The second factor is the hybrid of oil palms which consists of eight hybrid oil palms as Yangambi, Avros, Langkat, PPKS 239, Simalungun, PPKS 718, PPKS 540 and Dumpy. Fe was applied by pouring FeSO4 solvent for 600 µg.g-1 500 ml.-1plant.-1day-1 on two months of plants after transplanting in the main nursery. Data were collected on root morphology and plant dry weight The data were analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% significanly, followed by Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT). The relationships by among variables were determined by correlation analysis. The results showed that Fe concentration 600 µg.g-1 inhibits relatively root growth rate, narrows surface area, reduces the diameter, and shrinks root volume of all hybrid oil palms tested. The slowing relatively root growth rate, narrowing of root surface area and root diameter also root volume shrinkage due to Fe stress. It was also shown that the dry weight of plants was inhibit by existing of Fe toxicity
