Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science)
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The Growth of Two Cultivars Mung Bean under different Sweet Corn Shelter Density in Sandy Soil Coastal Area
Get PDFThe experiment had been conducted from August to November 2016 at Samas sandy soil coastal area. The research aimed to determine growth response of mung bean sheltered by various density of sweet corn on coastal sandy soil. The experiment used the nested design with two factors with three replications.The first factor was density of sweet corn as shelter consisting of without shelter (S0), planting space of 15 × 40 cm (S1), and planting space of 30 × 40 cm (S2). The second factor was mung bean cultivars compiled of Vima 1 (V1) and Purworejo local cultivar (V2). The data of soil temperature, soil moisture content at the depth of 10 and 20 cm, soil salt content at 10 and 20 cm depth, leaf fresh and dry weight, root fresh and dry wieght, plant fresh and dry weight were collected. The effect of shelter density was on the leaves dry weight at 6 week after planting (WAP), meanwhile the mung bean cultivars influenced the soil moisture at 10 and 20 cm depth; leaves fresh weight, leaves dry weight, root fresh weight, and plant dry weight at 4 WAP. Vima 1 resulted in significantly higher compared to Purworejo local cultivar on soil moisture content in 10 and 20 cm, leaves fresh and dry weight, root fresh weight, plant fresh and dry weight at 4 WAP. There was interaction between sweet corn shelter density and mung bean cultivar on soil salt content at 10 cm (2 WAP), 20 cm (6 WAP), plant fresh weight at 4 and 6 WAP, and plant dry weight at 6 WAP. The best growth of mung bean was observed under higher level density shelter with 15 × 40 cm square planting space due to the deeper soil layer and lower salt content
The Effects of Filter Cake and Bagasse Ash to Growth and NPK Uptake by Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) at Ultisols in Tulang Bawang, Lampung, Indonesia
Get PDFThe available soils for surgarcane plantation is Ultisols. However, the Ultisols has some limitations on its chemical fertility. Efforts to improve the quality of the soil can be done with applying organic matter such as filter cake and bagasse ash resulting from the process of making sugar from sugarcane. This study was proposed to determine the effects of bagasse ash and filter cake to availabilities of NPK in the soil and NPK uptakes by sugarcane, so that they were expected to be able to improve maximum sugarcane growth in Ultisols in Tulang Bawang. This field research used completely randomized design with two factors. The first factor was the bagasse ash doses in four levels: without bagasse ash (A0), 10 ton/ha of dry bagasse ash (A1), 20 ton/ha of dry bagasse ash (A2), and 40 ton/ha of dry bagasse ash (A3). The second factor was the filter cake doses in four levels: without filter cake (B0), 20 ton/ha of dry filter cake (B1), 40 ton/ha of dry filter cake (B2), and 80 ton/ha of dry filter cake (B3). There were a total of 16 combinations of treatment with 3 blocks as repetitions. Data were analyzed by using F-test with 5% significance. When analysis result showed significant differences between treatments, it was then followed by DMR test with 5% significance level for normal data. The results showed that the improvement of NPK status of Ultisols in Lampung might be achieved by applying the filter cake and bagasse ash techniques. Some results of this study showed that treatment of 40 ton/ha bagasse ash for NPK uptakes was significantly different and higher than without bagasse ash treatment. Treatment of 80 ton/ha filter cake for NPK uptakes was significantly different and higher than without filter cake treatment. The highest N uptake (27.84 kg/ha) was in sugarcane at 2 MAP with 80 ton/ha filter cake treatment. The highest P uptake (11.59 kg/ha) was in sugarcane at 2 MAP with 40 ton/ha bagasse ash treatment. The highest K uptake (117.67 kg/ha) was in sugarcane at 8 MAP with 80 ton/ha filter cake treatment. Treatment of 80 ton/ha filter cake influenced significantly to the sugarcane height compared to without filter cake and 20 ton/ha filter cake treatment, but it did not differ significantly compared to 40 ton/ha filter cake treatment. The highest sugarcane (167.99 cm) was at 80 ton/ha filter cake treatment. Filter cake dose treatments did not influence significantly the numbers of saplings and stem diameter of sugarcane aged 8 MAP
A Potency and Challenge in Implementation of Warehouse Receipts System (WRS) in Niaga Mukti Cooperative, Cianjur
No full textThe aims of this study are to analyze and describe the potency and challenge in implementation of warehouse receipts system in Niaga Mukti Cooperative, Cianjur. The used method is descriptive analysis with the subject of Niaga Mukti Cooperative as the sample of WRS for rice commodity. The result of the research tells that warehouse receipts system has potency as collateral credit document to obtain the finance of farm for the member of Niaga Mukti Cooperative with 6% per year or 1,5% per month after obtaining from the government grant. In conducting WRS program, the cooperative confronts various challenges such as empowering of economic society through WRS, empowering of warehouse receipts as alternative finance, finance instruments and marketing for farm and requiring coordination and correlation among the government, regions, farm cooperative, bussinessmen, and finance institutions.
Correlation of Growth Parameters with Yield of Two Cassava Varieties
Get PDFThe correlation of major growth parameters with the yield of cassava in different growth phases was investigated in 2013 and 2014. This experiment was conducted to assess the effect of two cassava varieties and the different growth phases to the yield and yield components. In experiment, the varieties as treatment were arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Two varieties consisted of superior Adira-4 and local varieties Singgah were used. The growth parameters (plant height, stem diameter, leaf number) and yield components (number of tuber, weight per tuber and tuber yield) in early growth phase, maximum vegetative growth phase and charging tuber phase, were observed. Based on the correlation results, the growth parameters and the yield highly affected to the final outcome of cassava tubers at different growth phases. In the early growth phase, occurs high demand to assimilate with the expense of storage root. However, from the maximum vegetative phase, growth parameters began to show a significant positive contribution to the tuber weight. Weight of fresh tuber in both varieties increased at the charging of tubers phase and thereafter (enlarged bulb). The early growth phase and maximum vegetative phase might not generate a significant contribution to the final yield of cassava tuber. Making those two periods were not suitable time for optimum harvesting result, and it still depended on the variety and its allocation
Effect of Planting Distance on Nitrogen Uptake and Productivity of Paddy Var. Rojolele Irradiated with Gamma Rays in Inceptisol
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to examine the effect of planting distance of paddy var. Rojolele planted in conventional legowo system and dosage of gamma rays irradiated on nitrogen uptake and productivity of paddy. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with twelve treatments and three replications. The first factor was gamma ray radiation, consisted of three levels, namely control seed (B0), seed irradiated with gamma rays of 200 gray (B2), and seed irradiated with gamma ray of 300 gray (B3). The second factor was planting distance, consisted of four levels, namely distance of 25 x 25 (J1), distance of 30 x 30 (J2), legowo system of 2 : 1 (J3), and legowo system of 4 : 1 (J4 ). The results showed that jajar legowo system with planting distance of 2 : 1 significantly affected the nutrient content of nitrogen in shoot, nitrogen uptake of plant, and yield per hectare. Paddy var. Rojolele irradiated by 300 gray produced higher nitrogen content in shoot, nitrogen uptake of plant, and yield per hectare than those in control seeds and seeds irradiated with 200 gray. There was a tendency that planting distance with jajar legowo system resulted in higher grain (yield), on the contrary, the narrow row spacing impacted on lower grain (yield)
Growth Response of Carrot (Daucus Carota) Local and Hybrids Varieties on Different Pb Doses
Get PDFThis research aimed to analyse the growth and yield of local and hybrid carrots (Daucus carota) on various heavy metal (Pb) doses. The experiments had been done in Nagari Situjuah Limo Nagari, Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota from August to December 2015. The purpose of this experiment was to obtain the safe doses of Pb for growth and yield of carrots as food consumption. Treatments were arranged in a split plot design with three replications. The treatments were four doses of Pb (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg/10 kg soil) and varieties (local and hybrid carrots). Data were analysed by variance analysis α=1%, and Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with α=1%. The results showed that various doses of heavy metal Pb affected significantly different of Pb content in leaves, yields, and chlorophyll. Local and hybrid carrots had significantly difference in plant height, long leaves, yields weight and diameter, Pb doses in leaves and yields and chlorophyll. Pb contamination levels in leaves and the leaves exceeded the limits set by Indonesian National Standard (SNI
The Optimum Dose of Nitrogen, Phosporus, and Potassium to Improve Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merr) Productivity on Kayu Putih (Melaleuca cajuputi) Stands
Get PDFIt was necessary to obtain optimum dose of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium obtained through fertilisation in order to improve productivity in the intercropping. Kayu putih tree was cultivated in Yogyakarta for oil production, and the inter-row was designed for intercropping plants, including soybean. The objective of present study was to obtain optimum dose of urea, SP-36, and KCl for soybean intercropped with kayu putih. The experiment was conducted in Menggoran Forest Resort (RPH Menggoran), Playen Forest Section (BDH Playen), Yogyakarta Forest Management District (KPH Yogyakarta) using split-split plot design. The main plot was urea, subplot was SP-36, and sub-subplot was KCl. Fertilisation consisted of three levels (0, 25, 50 kg ha-1 of urea), (0, 150, 300 kg ha-1 of SP-36) and (0, 75, 150 kg ha-1 of KCl). The results showed that application of 50 kg ha-1 urea, 300 kg. ha-1 SP-36, and 150 kg. ha-1 KCl increased N, P, K uptake per hectare as much as 16.23 kg N ha-1, 86.27 kg P ha-1, 40.02 kg K ha-1, respectively. There was positive interaction between urea and SP-36, SP-36 and KCl at leaf area, photosynthetic rate, number of seeds per plants, seed weight per plants, and seed weight per hectare. Under kayu putih intercropping, optimum dosage of urea, SP-36 and KCl were 0, 298.03 and 87.12 kg ha-1, respectively. These combination enabled to produce maximum seed weight of 2.01 tons. ha-1
Application of Lime and Gypsum and Their Effect on Micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu) Uptake of Sugarcane Planted in Central Lampung Ultisols
Get PDFMost of sugarcane are cultivated on Ultisols with low inherent soil fertility in Central Lampung. This experiment aimed to observe the effect of lime (CaCO3) and gypsum (Ca2SO4) on Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu uptake of sugarcane. The experiment was conducted in Experimental Research Field of Gula Putih Mataram Enterprise, Central Lampung District. The experiment was designed using a split-plot, which consisted of lime application as the main plot and gypsum application as the sub plotwith three replications. The results showed that there were no significant influence of lime and gypsum application on micronutrient content of the soil. However, application of 2 and 3 tons of lime/ha could reduce soil Fe content about 349.86 and 328.07 ppm respectively within 0-20 cm soil in depthand it was significantly lower than comparing to Fe content (around 457.68 ppm) in control. Similarly, the effect of gypsum application at 0.25 ton.ha-1 decreased Fe content (355.42 ppm), while Fe content of non-gypsum application soil showed around 410.34 ppm. The analysis of other micronutrients did not indicate asignificant effect of lime or gypsum application
Shallot Growth and Yields Based on Ammonium:Nitrate Ratio on Coastal Sandy Soil
Get PDFNitrogen was a key component for increasing yield and quality of vegetables like shallots. The growth and development of plants were influenced by nitrogen form. Common plants preferred nitrate for growth, but the enormity preference varies within plant species and other environmental factors. The purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of ammonium:nitrate ratio in sandy soil to growth and yield of shallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group). The experiment had been conducted in August-October 2015 in the sandy land on Samas Beach, Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The research was arranged in a Split-Plot design. The main plot was the source of nitrogen (NH4+; NO3-; NH4+: NO3- 1:1; NH4+: NO3- 1:2; and NH4+: NO3- 2:1) and the subplot was cultivars (Crok Kuning, Tiron, and Bima Brebes). Each subplot covered an area of 2.5 m² (2.5 m x 1 m) with three blocks as replications. Shallot bulbs were planted in sixth-row, spacing 20 cm between rows and 15 cm within rows. The dose was applied according to the recommendation of BPTP (urea 200 kg ha-1, ZA 250 kg ha-1, SP-36 150 kg ha-1, and KCl 150 kg ha-1) 144.5 kg N ha-1. Ammonium:nitrate ratio influenced shallot growth in sandy soil through number of leaves at maximum vegetative phase and its leaf area. The NH4+: NO3- 1:2 ratio gave the best result in dry weight of leaves following bulb dry weight than other ratio. Nevertheless, ammonium:nitrate ratio had no significant influence on bulb dry weight (ton ha-1)
Effects of Pyraclostrobin on Growth and Yield of Curly Red Chili (Capsicum Annum L.)
Get PDFCurly red chili was one of vegetable commodities in Indonesia used for seasoning of home cuisine, food industry, and pharmaceutical industry. Curly red chili cultivation needed fungicide to prevent fungal disease. Pyraclostrobin was a fungicide which could overcome fungal attack and improve plant growth. This research was conducted to study the effectiveness of pyraclostrobin application on vegetative growth of curly red chili plant. Research had been done in farmer’s land in Kemiriombo Village, Dukun Sub District, Muntilan District, Magelang Regency from December 2013 to June 2014. The treatments were assigned in the Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The treatments consisted of P1: pyraclostrobin doses 1.5 kg ha-1, 30 and 90 days after planting (dap), P2: pyraclostrobin 1.5 kg ha-1 at 30, 60, and 90 dap, P3: pyraclostrobin 1.5 kg ha-1, at 15, 30, 60, and 90 dap, P4: pyraclostrobin 3 kg ha-1, at 30 and 90 dap, P5: pyraclostrobin 3 kg ha-1, at 30, 60, and 90 dap, P6: pyraclostrobin 3 kg ha-1, at 15, 30, 60, and 90 dap, and P0: control (no treatment). Data were analyzed by orthogonal contrast test with α=5%. The result indicated significant different in the dry weights of root, stem, leaf, and total yield at 12 weeks after planting; number of flower at 9-11 week after planting, 14 week after planting, and 18-21 week after planting; and number of fruits at 10-12 week after planting, 15, and 16 week after planting. The application of pyraclostrobin at all dosages could increase IAA content. The numbers of flower and fruit were influenced by the increasing of IAA content in plant tissue, but did not affect the yield