Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika
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Collective Action Typologies and Reforestation in Indigenous Community of Biak-Papua
Get PDFWhile there are issues in deforestation with interesting reports on reforestation in Indonesia\u27s forest policy, the situation in Papua remains understudied. This paper builds on the themes of collective action and reforestation from indigenous people of Papua. Collective action can be understood from various perspectives and one of them can be studied within Gamson\u27s socio-psychology framework from social movement theories. The results showed that: collective action in indigenous people of Biak-Papua was connected to their collective identity, solidarity, consciousness, and was facilitated by micromobilization. There were 4 typologies of collective action for reforestation in Biak: (1) collective action with initiative of collectivity in the group supported by external forces, (2) collective action driven by village leaders that have the authority from the government, (3) collective action driven by informal leaders (genealogical/kinship based traditional leaders), and (4) collective action driven by an outsider that has obtained legitimacy of customary, because of marriages. Taking into account its potentials and dynamics, mutually beneficial collective action is believed to be able to support the success of reforestation and forest management in Papua
Recuperation of Non-commercial Trees in Logged Forest in Southern Papua, Indonesia
Get PDFSomeparts of forest in southern Papua Indonesia is used as production forest. Therefore, cutting is one of factors which has impact to population of trees. Research was done to see recuperation of non-commercial species (Actinodaphne nitida, Blumeodendron sp.) in logged area. Integral Projection Models (IPMs) were applied to analyze population dynamics of the 2 species. Mortality, growth, fecundity, autocorrelation of growth were included in IPMs. Data were collected from 3 permanent sample plots (3 ha) between 2005-2009 in PT. Tunas Sawaerma, Assiki, and Boven Digul. Data showed a significance in autocorrelation of growth. In this research, IPMs can be used to describe recuperation of the tree species. Population dynamics occur in which trees have the same survival probability among diameter size, while growth of trees and autocorrelations contribute to the change of population structure of trees. Elastisity test of growth autocorrelation pointed out that A. nitida and Blumeodendron sp remain to grow faster over time and have a larger contribution to population growth than other species. In addition, the more faster-growing individuals will have the more significant contributions for population growth rate of A. nitida and Blumeodendron sp.
Assessment of Forest Road Network Alternatives for Pine Resin Extraction
Get PDFPine resin, one type of non-timber forest products (NTFPs), is important for Indonesia. In addition to its high economic value, pine resin also has bright domestic and international market prospects. Utilization of commercial pine resin has been carried out in Indonesia, but the forest road network required for extracting pine resin has not been specifically planned. To date, the planning and selection of forest road network in forest management in Indonesia are intended only for the extraction of timber products and have not been integrated with the use of NTFPs; also, they have not considered the economic, ecological, and social aspects a whole. Planning and selection of forest road network have focused more on economic aspects only. This study aimed at planning and assessing the forest road network for extracting pine resin by considering the economic, ecological, and social criteria. Decision-making method used to select the best forest road network was utility analysis. Indicator used included road length, road density, a correction factor for manual carrying of pine resin, pine resin carrying distance, road construction cost, and productivity of carrying and extracting pine resin. The result of the utility analysis indicates that an alternative of forest road network for extracting pine resin has no the whole best indicators, but it has the highest utility value. This study suggested that the use of the utility analysis help the decision makers to selects process for forest road network alternative easily and rapidly
Stakeholders Analysis of Policy-Making Process: The Case of Timber Legality Policy on Private Forest
Get PDFThe objective of the study is to identify and measure the relationships among stakeholders that influence the process of policy-making in defining legality of timber from private forests. The study focuses on the policy-making process of the Ministry of Forestry Regulation P.38/Menhut-II/2009 on Standard and Guidelines for Assessment of Sustainable Forest Management Performance and Timber Legality Verification of Concessionaire or of the Private Forest License Holder as the subject that has been implemented in several private forest management units as follow: Giri Mukti Wana Tirta in Lampung, Koperasi Serba Usaha APIK in Bali, Koperasi Hutan Jaya Lestari in South East Sulawesi, and Koperasi Wana Lestari Menoreh Kulonprogo in Yogyakarta. This research used a qualitative approach and the analysis method used in this research is a modified-stakeholder analysis that developed by ODA (1995), Reitbergen et al. (1998), and Mayer (2005). The stakeholder analysis shows that the interests and influences do not consider private forest farmers as primary stakeholder during the process of policy formulation. The strong national and international interests, supported by high authority could not be influnced by the role of the NGOs and academicians. The imbalance of responsibilities, rights, and revenues that was experienced by farmers as the manager of private forest when started implementing the policy was more as burdens, it means implementation of the policy was more as burdens. Strong relationships between the Ministry of Forestry with the state as a core could not empower the relationship with private forest farmers. As result, policy assumptions cannot be implemented properly
Review of Collaboration between NMWCP and REDD+ in Supporting Sustainable Forest Management in Papua
Get PDFVarious programs on sustainable forest-soil-water management have been developed and occasionally conducted by the Indonesian Ministry of Forestry, Ministry of Agriculture, and Ministry of Public Works under various programs. Unfortunately, the achievement of such programs were not satisfactorily. Currently, there exist 2 inter-sectoral initiatives called the National Movement for Water Conservation Partnership (NMWCP) that focused on water conservation and Reducing Emission from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) that focused on emission reduction of greenhouse gasses through reducing deforestation and forest and land degradation. Both programs could be closely linked to carbon trade mechanism as a potential of gaining international financial supports. In principal and function-wise, the 2 programs were not distinct, particularly with regard to managing deforestation, forest degradation, forest-land-water conservation, and community empowerment/stakeholders. In principle, water conservation is inherent with forest function. In the other side, Papua is a vast region dominated by mountainous area comprises of many watersheds. In this regards, the need of having an Integrated Watershed Management (IWM) is inevitable. Therefore, collaboration between the 2 inter-sectoral programs could be the best solution for Papua. Through collaboration scheme, it would be possible to involve wider stakeholders and have more potential of generating international financial supports to carry out a more effective and efficient management of forest, land, and water
Breeding Strategy of Acacia Hybrid (Acacia mangium × A. auriculiformis) to Increase Forest Plantation Productivity in Indonesia
Get PDFAcacia hybrid (Acacia mangium× A.auriculiformis) shows better growth and wood properties, and tolerance to pest and disease. Currently, acacia hybrid breeding strategy was developed through naturally hybrid selected from trees grown in plantation. However, mass propagation of acacia hybrid using such kind of strategy was not satisfied due to ageing effect. This study was aimed to develop a new acacia hybrid breeding strategy using controlled pollination hybridization technique. The strategy was developed through a series of research: flowering, crossing, hybrid identification, clone multiplication, and clonal test. The results of study showed that the series of research for developing acacia hybrid breeding strategy was achieved. Flowering time synchronization provided a high probability for the success of controlled pollination hybridization. Leaves taxonomy at seedling stage revealed to be an efective way to identify acacia hybrid with acuracy of 92.2%. The acacia hybrid was succesfully propagated using shoot cutting at rate of 78.1%. The best selected clones of acacia hybrid outperformed in height growth at rates of 17.28% over to superior pure parents, which is equivalent to the estimated stand productivity at around 48 m3 ha-1 y-1. The series of research provided a new effective and efficient breeding strategy for acacia hybrid.
Floristic Composition of Groundcover Vegetation after the 2010 Pyroclastic Fire on Mount Merapi
Get PDFMount Merapi with its Merapi-type pyroclastic flows provides burnt and unburnt areas which are excellent to study establishment events of pioneer plant species. Using site comparison approach, floristic composition was studied, and thus an area that was burnt by pyroclastic flows in 2010 (Kalikuning) and another area that is relatively intact or unburnt (Kaliurang) was chosen as study sites. We found 7,817 individuals belonging to 72 species and 36 families in the burnt site, and 4,093 individuals belonging to 79 species and 39 families in the unburnt site. The most important family as determined by the Family Importance Value (FIV) was Rubiaceae in Kalikuning and Asteraceae in Kaliurang. In terms of Importance Value Index (IVI), Borreria occimoides (Rubiaceae) and Eupatorium riparium (Asteraceae) were the most important species in Kalikuning and Kaliurang, respectively. Multivariate approach using Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling ordination technique showed that floristic composition in the newly burnt site were different with those that occupying the intact site (RANOSIM = 0.72). Borreria occimoides, Eupatorium riparium, Athyrium dilatatum, Paspalum conjugatum, Brachiaria reptans, and Selaginella doederleinii were the species mainly responsible in explaining the differences between sites. DOI: 10.7226/jtfm.19.2.8
Biomass Distribution of Cajuput Stand in Central Kalimantan Swamp Forest
Get PDFIn Central Kalimantan, cajuput (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. cumingiana) mostly can be found in the riptide swamp area. The present research was intended to determine the distribution of biomass based on the part of tree, position to the ground surface, growing stage, and allometric equation models to estimate the prospective of biomass in 2 different locations (A and B). The A and B locations were characterized by type B riptide peat swamp forest (high tide effected with peat thickness of 51-100 cm) and type C riptide peat swamp forest (tide unaffected shallow soil of < 50 cm with peat thickness of 101-200 cm), respectively. The distribution of cajuput biomass based on the part of tree, position to the ground surface, and growing stage in both locations indicated a similar pattern. Stem contained the highest biomass followed successively by that of root, branch, leave, fruit, and flower. Biomass above the ground was also higher than that of below the ground. Furthermore, biomass content of poles was the highest, followed successively by that of sapling, tree, and seedling. Allometric equation models used to estimate biomass of the A location in the state of green, air dry, and oven dry were 0.335D2,35, 0.143D2,42, and 0.128D2,41, respectively. While those in the B location for green, air dry, and oven dry state were 0.279D2,48, 0.127D2,58, and 0.114D2,56, respectively. The potential of biomass in the A and B location were 144,100 and 127,212 ton ha-1, respectively
Management Effectiveness of Southeast Aru Islands Marine Conservation Area
Get PDFSoutheast Aru Islands Marine Conservation Area (SE Aru MCA) has been existed for nearly 21 years, a period that long enough for a timely evaluation about how far improvement of management has been made in the area in question, i.e. whether management has improved situation of local communities and marine resources availability in the area. This study, therefore, aims at assessing management effectiveness and impacts of SE Aru MCA. Results suggest that the MCA, which was originally established as a marine nature reserve (Cagar Alam Laut, CAL) in 1991 and changed status into marine sanctuary in 2009, has not yet produced the expected positive impacts. Assessment using available tools indicated that the management level of SE Aru MCA is at level 1, with percentage of 34.12%, meaning it is still at initiation stage and less effective in terms of management outcomes. Index of conservation area effectiveness with a value of 0.387 shows that the overall conservation area in the 3 categories mentioned above is less effective, therefore conservation effect has not been able to solve area problems. It is concluded that, after more than 20 years exists in the area, few benefits have been produced by SE Aru MCA for local people associated with it and biological resources in it
Development of Small Holder Plantation Forests: An Analysis from Policy Process Perspective
Get PDFThis research was conducted to learn the inhibiting factors for renewal of forest utilization policy, particularly the policy of small holder plantation forests/HTR), by government. To achieve the objective of this research, there were studies on contents of law and regulations, respond of stakeholders toward those law-regulations, and problem of contents and constraints of law and regulations improvement through analysis approach of policy making process. It was found that technical constraints in HTR development were weak provision of forest territory and poor institutional strengthening of the participant community to be ready to receive permit or fund for HTR development. Such phenomena were due to contents of HTR policy which have more tendencies to answer the problem of absence of bureaucracy and administration procedure which should be determined on the basis of authorities of agencies of central and local government, rather than answering the problem faced by HTR participant community. Policy narrative in the past period in implementing large business policy of natural forest utilization were still dominant, accompanied with weak consideration in making and implementing policy toward forest territory conflict and weak socio-economic and bargaining position of the community, resulting in expensive public service which could not fulfill the community\u27s need.