Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika
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Genetic Variation of Growth and Disease Resistance Traits in Open-Pollinated Provenance-Progeny Trials of Falcataria moluccana Growing on Two Rust-Affected Sites at Age-18 months
No full textTwo Falcataria moluccana (sengon) progeny trials, incorporating 100 different families from 12 provenances growing on two highly gall rust (Uromycladium falcatarium) prone sites were used to estimate genetic parameters and potentially identify rust-resistant material. The analysis was performed to assess provenance- and family-level survival, rust incidence, and growth at the two progeny trials. Height, diameter, survival, and rust incidence was measured at two progeny trials at 18 months-of-age located at Jember and Lumajang, East Java. Rust incidence at the two trial sites was severe, with only 39% overall survival (35% and 43% at Jember and Lumajang, respectively). The analysis revealed significant genetic variation at the provenance level for survival, rust incidence, and growth. No statistically meaningful narrow-sense heritability of these traits was indicated, though this is probably reflective of the inadequate within-family replication and effects associated with uneven stocking resulting from rust-induced mortality. The significant genotype-by-environment (provenance-by-site) interaction was also indicated, though the performance of some of the best- and worst-performing provenances was relatively stable, allowing recommendations of suitable provenances for further testing on rust-prone sites
Policy Effectiveness of Loan for Delaying Timber Harvesting for Smallholder Private Forest in Indonesia
Get PDFThis study aimed to analyze policy effectiveness of loan for delaying timber harvesting for smallholder private forest business (Pinjaman Tunda Tebang Hutan Rakyat; hereinafter will be referred as PTT-HR). The analysis will be used to provide recommendations for improving PTT-HR scheme included scaling out and scaling up of the scheme for improving economic benefits and supporting smallholder private forest business as well as for strengthening farmer’s welfare. Field survey was conducted in October–November 2013 in two districts in Central of Java, Indonesia namely Blora and Wonosobo District as recipient of PTT-HR from Public Service Agency for Forest Development Financing Center (BLU Center of P2H) Ministry of Forestry, Republic of Indonesia. The results showed that PTT-HR policy has implemented effectively based on evaluation parameter derived from the objectives of policy namely the age of the stands for loan collateral, the capabilities for improving farmer’s welfare, utilization of loan, perception of the farmers regarding to the ease of the process and purpose of loan utilization, and the capability of loan repayment. However, this research has not been answered the aspect of PTT-HR policy implementation efficiency.
Conflicts of Utilization and Sustainable Production Forest Management in Forest Management Unit of Meranti in South Sumatera
Get PDFUtilization conflicts among users threatening the sustainability of forest management. This study is to determine the intensity of conflict and the sustainability of forest management in FMU Meranti by integrating the convergent parallel mixed method and Rapid Land Tenure Assessment. Data was collected through interviews with key informants, literatures, maps, documents, and histories studies; as well as focus groups discussions in eight villages around the FMU Meranti. The results showed that the people\u27s bundle of right, the interaction and social capital, dispute against the coorporation\u27s financial modal. Generally, the interaction and social capital elements are owned by the local community, while the financial modal is owned by the permit holder and the local elite. Based on the power analysis on each object, the power of both community and permit holders are equally strong. The conflict intensity is subdivided into three conflict categories, i.e.: open (31%), appear (44%), and latent conflicts (25%). The special area (wilayah tertentu) and open access area are highly prioritized, that need conflict resolution. The existence of the environmental damages, unclear ownership rights, lack of stakeholder supporting, and non-optimal institutional performance lead the sustainable forest management to bad category (40.6%)
Strategies of Community Empowerment to Manage Protection Forest Sustainably
Get PDFThe Indonesian Government has empowered communities that are living adjacent to forests, but at the same time, protection forests are highly encroached by the local community. In response, our study aims at formulating strategies of community empowerment in protection forest management. Data collection through participatory observation, questionnaire surveys, interviews, and focused group discussions were conducted in the surrounding communities of protected forest areas in Sumbawa District, Indonesia. A combination of descriptive, participatory, and explorative approaches were used for data analysis. The knowledge of local communities on protection forest conservation was found to be on an average level, while their attitudes towards conservation were assessed as being on a higher level. Community empowerment programs implemented by the government were shown to have no significant effect on knowledge improvement, but they were more effective in changing the community\u27s attitudes regarding protection forest management. Local communities were shown to be willing to conduct conservation activities as well as looking for cash income. Therefore, our study suggested that community empowerment programs should link forest conservation with income opportunities for local people, such as implementing conservation agriculture (e.g. agroforestry), partnerships in the production and sale of non-timber forest products, and be conducting clearly reward and punishment for communities
Commercialization of Medicinal Plants in Java Island, Indonesia
Get PDFThe benefit and transaction cost flow which people earn economically and socially from wild medicinal plant harvesting are addressed in this study. The objectives of this study are three aspects: defining how many users are involved in utilization of medicinal plant raw materials (MPRM), how users describing their perception and motivation and describing benefit and transaction cost which influence users to harvest the plants. Results showed that utilization of medicinal plants in Java is still widely used as commercial products then medical services. There are 41 stakeholders who involved in this study and the highest motivation and perception in production and industrial clusters are economic interest. But stakeholder\u27s perception and motivation in traditional healthcare cluster is social interest. The different motivation and perception in both clusters causing stakeholder who are work in traditional healthcare lack of market information, but they are important if the government will improve the traditional medicine. Recommendation of this study is that medicinal plants need further research and product development which can help to expand the medicinal plant culture area in the natural forest. By this reason, government should develop good political will to increase the medicinal plant resources for public healthcare
Birds Communities at Mangrove of Batu Ampar, Kubu Raya District, West Kalimantan Province
Get PDFBatu Ampar mangrove is an important bird habitat especially for birds which have relation to mangrove ecosystem in West Kalimantan. The research was conducted in February to March 2007, at mangrove Batu Ampar demo site. Sampling was done to get representative area for bird survey. The 19 transects were chosen as sampling site to collect bird data such as species and number of individual. Bird surveys were carried out using Reconnaissance method and IPA (Index Point of Abundance) count method. The length of each transect was approximately 500 m. The results showed that the bird community’s structure was dominated by insectivorous birds represented approximately 60% of total bird’s species at mangrove Batu Ampar demo site. The abundance between numbers of individual with the birds species have relation pattern like J opposite. Percentage of dominant bird species was approximately 11%, those are such as stork billed kingfisher, white-collared kingfisher, common iora, chestnuts-rumped babbler, Strip-Tit Babbler, magpie robin, ashy tailorbird, mangrove blue flycatcher, pied fantail, mangrove whistler, brown-throated sunbird and Cooper-Throated Sunbird. Vertical structure of mangrove vegetation was used by birds at mangrove Batu Ampar demo site is mainly B stratum, and it be used around 60 % birds species. Based on dendrogram analysis there were 5 cluster birds species. The mangrove bird specialists found at sampling area were mangrove blue flycatcher and cooper throated sunbird
Microbial Community Behaviour in The Rhizosphere of Kilemo (Litsea cubeba L. Pers) After Pruning
No full textPruning is a removing some parts of the tree canopy, either for improving tree shape or increasing shoot productivity. It can be implemented in yield management of commodities that are harvested its shoot biomass, such as tea or kilemo. This activity interferes plant growth, hence affect root secretion. Consequently, it alters soil microbe populations in the rhizosphere. This paper observes the impacts of pruning on fluctuation of root exudates (soil sugar) and rhizosphere communities of 2-years-old Kilemo (Litsea cubeba L. Pers.). Tree samples were pruned by removing shoots above the lowest branches. A month after cutting, trees were fertilized using three types of fertilizers: leaf, NPK, and organic fertilizer. As a control, there were non-fertilized treated trees. To observe the root exudation and microbes populations, 0−20 cm depth of soil at rhizospheres were collected from 10th, 30th, 60th and 90th day after pruning. Samples were further analyzed for observing the amount of soil-sugar and microbes population, such as N-fixer, cellulose degrader, and phosphate solubilizer. Results show that Kilemo root drastically decreased their sugar exudation by 22% (10th day), 28% (30th day), 44% (60th day) and 70% (90th day), respectively. Therefore, those populations were significantly depleted. Rhizosphere sugar can be improved by fertilization, however, the augmentation did not enhance the rhizosphere communities
Consistency and Coherence of Turtle Conservation Policies in Venu Island Wildlife Sanctuary, Kaimana, West Papua
Get PDFPolicy management of turtle conservation in the region of Venu Island Wildlife Sanctuary, Kaimana, West Papua is indispensable. Therefore, this study aimed at examining the turtle conservation policy and it’s implementation, both the consistency and coherence. The analytical method used is content analysis and simple mathematic statistics. The consistency of turtle conservation management policies is found inconsistent in implementation. Similarly, coherence between the policy on turtle conservation management with government policy is found incoherent, as it is more oriented to "economic growth" compared to turtle conservation management. This is due to weak management, among others: communication, resources, attitudes and behavior, and bureaucratic structures. "Management Authority Multi-stakeholder" was found as a form of the collaborative approach in carrying out the turtle conservation among institutional managers with other key stakeholders. Consolidation of these institutions need to be carried out by non-governmental organizations, i.e., Conservation International (Indonesia) Corridor Kaimana and local government, i.e., the Department of Marine and Fisheries, Department of tourism and culture along with Indigenous Peoples. So policy integration among sectors as well as the consistency and coherence should be coherent in the approach to building synergy with policies of sustainable management of turtle conservation in the region of Venu Island Wildlife Sanctuary, Kaimana, West Papua
