Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika
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Towards Inclusive Indonesian Forestry: An Overview of a Spatial Planning and Agrarian Perspective
Get PDFForest area is the largest and most important part of the territory of the Republic of Indonesia but still faces many challenges, including deforestation, forest fires, peat swamp degradation and poverty of local communities due to horizontal and vertical forestry conflicts. This paper focuses on the analysis of forestry development based on spatial planning and agrarian perspective by conveying various facts. A single and centralistic authority over forest areas does not provide an effective basis for sustainable resource governance. There is a dualism of spatial and agrarian planning system namely between forest areas and non-forest areas. It should be integrated by mainstreaming inclusive collaborative management. We recommend promoting forest areas\u27 arrangement under the control of an integrated spatial planning system for the people\u27s greatest possible prosperity, including forestry management principles and objectives. Rationalisation of forest allocation (spatial pattern plan), which the optimum forest allocation must be viewed from the perspective of the overall spatial balance (both forest and non-forest areas, and between protected and cultivated areas) to provide land for food production, social welfare and environmental functions. Forestry implementation needs to consider the principles of economies of scale and prioritise benefits for local communities living bordering forests areas, especially for food cultivation areas. The government should commit to allocating at least 15 million ha inclusively by prioritising landless farmers and smallholder farmers. Increasing community participation in forest area utilisation and functions is pursued through increasing forest access for the community (social forestry and other schemes) without neglecting conservation functions
Allometric Equation for Estimating Energy Production of Eucalyptus urophylla in Dryland Ecosystems at East Nusa Tenggara
Get PDFA precise and accurate energy production quantification, particularly at the individual tree level is needed to understand the potential contribution of eucalyptus plantations to renewable energy development. However, measuring energy storage with a destructive method is inefficient because it requires a large amount of resources. The development of allometric equations is a realistic solution to solve this problem as it facilitates the efficient estimation of energy production from trees. Therefore, this study aims to develop an allometric equation for estimating the energy production of Eucalyptus urophylla in dryland ecosystems in East Nusa Tenggara. The destructive sampling was carried out on 25 sample trees which are evenly distributed from small to large dimensions, while the calorific value of each tree component was analyzed using the bomb calorimeter method. Furthermore, the energy production of each tree was counted by multiplying the calorific value with the total biomass accumulation. To develop an allometric equation, the analysis of regression was applied using several independent variables, such as diameter at breast height (D), combined squared diameter of breast and tree height (D2H), as well as D and H separately. The results showed that the energy production of E. urophylla at the study site varied from 252.56 to 7,813.30 MJ tree-1 with more than 90% accumulated in the stem, followed by foliage (4.62%) and branches (4.05%). The higher the tree dimension, the greater the energy production. Moreover, the equation lnŶ = lna + b.lnD + c.lnH was the best allometric model to estimate energy production with an accuracy of 95.2%. Based on the results, the allometric equation provides an accurate estimation of energy production in E. urophylla
The "Common Pool" Problems in the Protected Area Regarding Natural Tourism in Indonesia
Get PDFPhenomena that indicate the performance of the use of natural tourism in protected areas indicate that there are institutional problems in it. This study aims to determine the influence of exogenous variables on the action arena for the use of natural tourism in protected areas in Indonesia. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, document, and regulatory review. Then the data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. This study was analyzed using the institutional analysis and development (IAD) framework. This framework provides a useful approach to understanding institutional issues. Based on the research, the influence of exogenous variables on the action arena, among others 1) there is an incorrect implementation between the cooperation agreement and the permit carried out by the Mount Gede Pangrango National Park Office as the principal, which has resulted in the agent bearing additional costs to obtain exclusion rights, and the principal\u27s loss does not receive a contribution in the form of Levies on The Results of Business Activities for Nature Tourism Facilities from the transfer of rights to agents; 2) when public access is closed in the public space, there will be a conflict between the agent and the community which creates a high cost of exclusion and is charged to the agent; 3) the agent is aware of the lack of principal resources to carry out supervision so that the agent does not immediately carry out his obligations.
 
Ecotourism Pillars Enforcement to Geotourism Destination in Slamet and Serayu Mountainous Areas, Central Java Province
Get PDFNature based tourism, including geotourism, can have the status of ecotourism if they are able to enforce the seven pillars namely: 1) the ecological pillar, 2) the economic pillar, 3) the socio-cultural pillar, 4) the satisfaction pillar, 5) experience pillar, 6) memory pillar, and 7) education pillar. This study aims to analyse the perceptions of tourists towards the enforcement of the seven pillars of ecotourism in geotourism destinations. The study was conducted through a survey using a closed-ended questionnaire with a total number of respondents is 400 people. Data analysis was carried out using comparative quantitative and correlation quantitative methods. The results showed that there was still a “gap” between the pillars of sustainable development and the pillars of the basic needs of tourists. The results of the correlation test showed that the elements of the seven pillars of ecotourism had interrelationship each other. It is necessary to modify the form of geotourism implementation by increasing the aspects of guiding/interpreting for tourists and intensifying the involvement of tourists in all tourism activities. The regional approach are also applied to the development of geotourism so that it is more optimal, integrated and efficient in the use of resources
Monitoring of Natural Enemies (Hymenoptera) on Different Lands Use: Study from Agroforestry, Community Forest, and Pioneer Land
Get PDFLand use and management must be carried out in a way that ensures the sustainability of land ecological function. The presence of natural enemies that suppress pest populations is an important component of the ecological function. Monitoring the presence of natural enemies and avoiding silvicultural activities that threaten the presence of natural enemies are important aspects of land management. This study investigates the presence of natural enemies on three different lands: agroforestry, community forests, and pioneer lands. Monitoring was carried out during three months at three types of land use by using observation plot in the square form of 20 x 20 m2. Insect collection in the field uses pitfalls and sticky traps which are placed using a grid and a diagonal method, respectively. Phytophagous insects, such as leafhopper, flies, thrips, aphids were surveyed. Hymenoptera natural enemies, predators (Formicidae) and parasitic wasps (Trichogrammatidae and Scelionidae) were obtained. The results show that community forests and pioneer lands are support the existence of Formicidae. This study indicates that in the agroforestry there are variations in population of Formicidae based on the period of on-going land management. Agroforestry provides a more suitable place for the existence of Trichogrammatidae and Scelionidae
Clustering Residents\u27 Intention and Behavior Toward Forest Rehabilitation Initiative: a Case Study in The Upstream of Central Java, Indonesia
Get PDFThe success of forest rehabilitation initiatives depends on community engagement; thus, it is important to understand community opinions toward forest rehabilitation initiatives. However, the available literature is sparse, as most research focuses on forest rehabilitation research, frequently only on planting performance. We scrutinized residents\u27 opinions of the forest rehabilitation initiative using the extended Theory of Planned Behavior framework variables, i.e., behavior (B), behavioral intention (BI), attitude toward behavior (ATB), perceived behavioral control (PBC), subjective norm (SN), moral norm (MN), perceived risk (PR), and self-identity (SI). Those factors were used to cluster residents into various groups using the k-means clustering method. 307 completed questionnaires were obtained. We found that residents were clustered into two distinctive groups: active supporters (AS) and passive supporters (PS). PS was dominant in the community (61.9%). They were characterized by less agreement in perceiving the adverse impacts of forest degradation, less intent and engagement in forest rehabilitation programs. In contrast, AS was more receptive to forest rehabilitation initiatives. These results confirm that residents are heterogeneous in opinions and interest in forest rehabilitation initiatives. Therefore, forest managers should design effective policies and alternative approaches to ensure the success of forest rehabilitation programs based on those distinctive groups.