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Nanostructured Lipid Carriers as Semisolid Topical Delivery Formulations for Diflucortolone Valerate
No full textContext: Topical treatment of skin disease needs to be strategic to ensure high drug
concentration in the skin with minimum systemic absorption.
Objective: The aim of this study was to produce semisolid nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC)
formulations, for topical delivery of the corticosteroid drug, diflucortolone valerate (DFV), with
minimum systemic absorption.
Method: NLC formulations were developed using a high shear homogenization combined with
sonication, using Precirol
ATO5 or Tristearin
as the solid lipid, Capryol
or isopropyl
myristate as the liquid lipid and Poloxamer
407 as surfactant. The present study addresses the
influence of different formulations composition as solid lipid, liquid lipid types and
concentrations on the physicochemical properties and drug release profile from NLCs.
Results and discussion: DFV-loaded NLC formulations possessed average particle size ranging
from 160.40 nm to 743.7 nm with narrow polydispersity index. The encapsulation efficiency was
improved by adding the lipid-based surfactants (Labrasol
and Labrafil
M1944CS) to reach
68%. The drug release from the investigated NLC formulations showed a prolonged release up
to 12 h. The dermatopharmacokinetic study revealed an improvement in drug deposition in the
skin with the optimized DFV-loaded NLC formulation, in contrast to a commercial formulation.
Conclusion: NLC provides a promising nanocarrier system that work as reservoir for targeting
topical delivery of DFV
Formulation, Optimization, and Evaluation of Solid Dispersions of metformin HCl Using Factorial Design
No full textThe objective of this study is to achieve the controlling dissolution rate of Metformin HCl, a freely water soluble antidiabetic drug.
Solid dispersions microcapsules were prepared using solvent evaporation method which enclosed preparation of a uniform
dispersion of Metformin HCl in (Hydroxy propyl methylcellulose k100, Ethyl cellulose, Eudragit RL PO, RS PO & Compritol 888 ATO). A
two-factor, General factorial statistical design was used to quantitate the effect of polymer type (X1) and drug: polymer ratio(X2) on
the release profile. Where polymer type and drug: polymer ratio were selected as independent variables, while Y1 (cumulative drug
release after 1 hr. ) and Y2 (cumulative drug release in 3 hrs. ), Y3 (cumulative drug release in 10 hrs.),Y4 (angle of repose ) and Y5
(Hausner ratio) were selected as dependent variables. The solid dispersions were characterized for their in vitro- release rate. The
optimized formulation was further characterized by Drug scanning calorimetry, infrared spectrophotometry, X-Ray Diffractometer
and SEM analysis. A convenient statistical model was made and a significantly controlled release rate was exhibited .the optimized
formulation was investigated by DSC, XRD, FTIR and SEM data which showed the crystalline nature of Metformin HCl in a solid
dispersion, the statistical model helped us to recognize the effects of formulation variables on the dispersion
Radiological safety assessment inside ancient Egyptian tombs in Saqqara
No full textMany archaeological sites in Egypt are unique worldwide, such
as ancient tombs and pyramids, because they document
fundamental developments in human civilization that took place
several thousands of years ago. For this reason, these sites are
visited by numerous visitors every year. The present work is
devoted to provide a pre-operational radiological baseline needed
to quantify occupational radiation exposure at the famous
Saqqara region in Cairo, Egypt. A hyperpure Ge detector has been
used in the γ-ray spectrometric analysis while the
Rn
concentration was measured using a portable radon monitor RTM
1688-2, SARAD. The mean specific activities of
226
Ra,
232
K
in the samples collected from the interior walls of the Saqqara
tombs were determined and found to show average values of 16,
8.5 and 45 Bq kg
−1
, respectively. The concentration of radon was
measured inside the tombs Serapeum, South tomb and the Zoser
Pyramid (fifth level) and an associated average working level of
0.83 WL was obtained. In order to avoid the health hazards
associated with the exposure to radon during the long period of
work inside these tombs, proposed solutions are introduced
Functional occlusion in restorative dentistry and prosthodontics / edited by Iven Klineberg, Steven E. Eckert ; foreword by Professor George Zarb.
No full textdental bookfair2016Includes bibliographical references and index.xi, 270 pages
Collagen turnover induced by cellular connective tissue cytokines of drug induced gingival overgrowth and hereditary gingival fibromatosis (Histological and immunohistochemical comparative study)
No full textBackground: Gingival overgrowth (GO) is usually associated with multiple factors including immuno- suppressive agents as cyclosporine (CsA) and Tacrolimus (TAC), and hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF).Objective: To compare the expression of TGF-b1, PDGF, TIMP-1 and MMP-9 at the molecular andcellularlevels in patients receiving (CsA or TAC) and patients manifested (HGF), to cast some light on the pathogenic mechanism potentially involved in the collagen (COL) turnover of both conditions. Subjects: and methods: Gingival tissue samples were obtained from patients undergoing therapy with CsA (n ¼ 6), TAC (n ¼ 6), HGF (n ¼ 3) as well as control tissues from systemically healthy control (n ¼ 6).Tissue sections were immune-stained by labeled streptavidin-biotin (DAB) technique, using monoclonal antibodies against TGF-b1, PDGF-b, TIMP-1 and MMP-9
Brushless DC motor tracking control using self-tuning fuzzy PID control and model reference adaptive control
No full textThis paper compares the performance of two different control techniques applied to high
performance brushless DC motor. The first scheme is self-tuning fuzzy PID controller and the second
scheme is model reference adaptive control (MRAC) with PID compensator. The purpose of
the control algorithm was to force the rotor speed to follow the desired reference speed with good
accuracy all time. This objective should be achieved for different speed/time tracks regardless of
load disturbance and parameter variations. The simulation results presented show that the second
control scheme has better performance
RC. villa project
No full textThis chapter provides model geometry information, including items such as story levels, point coordinates, and element connectivity
Essential organic chemistry / Paula Yurkanis Bruice, University of California, Santa Barbara
No full textIncludes index672 pages, 26 variously pages
In situ thermosensitive Tamoxifen citrate loaded hydrogels: An effective tool in breast cancer loco-regional therapy
No full textOne of the main challenges for using Tamoxifen citrate (TMC) in breast cancer therapy is achieving
proper target and efficient delivery of adequate concentration to the adenocarcinoma without harming
healthy glandular and soft fatty tissue. Herein, TMC niosomal thermosensitive hydrogels were proposed
as a tool to resolve this challenge. Niosomes were prepared by film hydration technique and incorporated
into Pluronics thermosensitive gels prepared using cold method. The prepared hydrogels were evaluated
for gelation temperature, rheological behavior and in vitro drug release. Moreover, in vivo anti-tumor
activity was examined in Ehrlich carcinoma mice model through reporting solid tumor volume regression
and tissue distribution of TMC. Type and ratio of used poloxamers were manipulated to provide the
optimal gelation temperature (34e37 C). Rheological analysis showed low viscosity and elasticity values
at low and room temperature while these values significantly increased at the physiological temperature.
A prolonged diffusion-driven release of TMC was detected. In vivo data showed, evidently, that anticancer
activity was improved with significant retention of the drug at the tumor site. These encouraging results
confined that this in situ hydrogel depot offers an attractive approach for controlled delivery of TMC and
clinically expected to be useful delivery system in loco-regional therapy for breast cancer