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切除可能胆道癌においてControlling Nutritional Status（CONUT）スコアは全身疾患性再発を予測する
Get PDF新潟大学Niigata University博士（医学）新大院博(医)第1246
Evaluation of Institutional and Regional Characteristics of Facilities with Experience in Organ Transplantation under Brain Death : A Multi-Center, Retrospective Observational Study
Get PDF新潟大学Niigata University博士（医学）【目的】2021 年に日本救急医学会の脳死・臓器組織移植に関する委員会により作成された脳死判定を目的とした転院搬送についての意識調査に関する委員会報告では、救命救急センターでも 3 分の 1 の施設が過去に臓器提供経験がないと判明した。本研究は臓器提供に至る施設の特徴や地域間格差の原因を探索することを目的とした。
【対象】上記の意識調査（救命救急センター295 施設を対象、220 施設より回答）を二次解析した。都道府県別腎臓提供数は過去臓器提供を行った全施設を対象とし日本臓器移植ネットワークの情報を用いた。
【結果】救命救急センターにおける脳死下臓器移植の有無と、救命救急センター充実段階評価における「救急での人生の最終段階における医療の整備」が有意に関連していた（71.1% vs 53.8%, p=0.04）。また、人口 10 万あたり腎臓提供数が少ない地域では「救急での人生の最終段階における医療の整備」を行っている割合が少なかった(Q1+Q2+Q3 vs Q4; 85.6% vs 66.7%, p=0.01)。
【結語】救命救急センターでの人生の最終段階における医療体制整備は地域・病院間で格差があり、臓器提供件数が少ない病院や都道府県で体制の整備が遅れている傾向が示された。人生の最終段階における医療体制整備を医療計画に基づいて支援することは臓器提供機会の適正化に寄与する可能性が示唆された。主基, 出内. (2024), 脳死下臓器移植経験施設の施設特徴とその地域性の評価：多施設後ろ向き観察研究(Evaluation of institutional and regional characteristics of facilities with experience in organ transplantation under brain death: A multi–center, retrospective observational study). Nihon Kyukyu Igakukai Zasshi: Japanese Journal of Japanese Association for Acute Medicine, 35: 121-128. https://doi.org/10.1002/jja2.12892新大院博(医)第1260
合成HMGB1ペプチドのマウス肝硬変に対する多方向治療効果
Get PDF新潟大学博士（医学）Abstract: Aim
Liver cirrhosis is a serious disease characterized by liver dysfunction and severe fibrosis; however, no breakthrough drugs have effectively improved fibrosis, making it an unmet medical need. We have previously reported that the HMGB1 peptide, synthesized from box A of the HMGB1 protein, ameliorates liver fibrosis and is a promising candidate for fibrosis-improving drugs against liver cirrhosis. In this study, we used spatial analysis to observe treatment-induced changes over time.
Methods
Liver cirrhosis was induced in C57BL/6J mice using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) injections, followed by HMGB1 peptide treatment. To assess the temporal effects of HMGB1 on the liver in a CCl4-induced cirrhosis mouse model, we used GeoMx spatial analysis. We focused on αSMA-positive active hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), F4/80-positive macrophages, and CK8/18-positive hepatocytes to determine how each cell type was affected over time. Statistical analyses were conducted using GraphPad Prism9, with significance set at p < 0.05.
Results
In cirrhotic mice, we first observed a decrease in the number of activated HSCs over time, two weeks after treatment initiation. Macrophage-associated genes ceased to induce fibrosis-related pathways early in the treatment. This suggests that the effect of macrophages on fibrosis was weakened by the treatment. We also confirmed that lipid metabolism of hepatocytes may be improved during treatment. Furthermore, Cxcl12 and Ccl25 expression were induced in the peptide-treated group, indicating possible cell migration to the liver.
Conclusion
Over time, macrophages followed by HSCs, showed the most notable changes with treatment, resulting in improved fibrosis. The HMGB1 peptide drug also affected lipid metabolism in hepatocytes, suggesting a positive therapeutic effect on steatohepatitis. Elevated factors that promote cell migration may have also enhanced the healing effect.Masaki Mito, Atsunori Tsuchiya, Soichi Ishii, Takafumi Tonouchi, Kaito Furuyama, Ryo Jinbo, Nobutaka Takeda, Hiroyuki Abe, Katsuto Tamai, Shuji Terai,
Multidirectional therapeutic effects of synthesized HMGB1 peptide on liver cirrhosis in mice,
Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports,
Volume 42,
2025,
102061,
ISSN 2405-5808,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102061.
(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405580825001487)新大院博（医）第1271
日本人集団における自閉スペクトラム症と稀なCNTN5変異との関連解析
Get PDF新潟大学博士（医学）Background
Contactin-5 (CNTN5), a neural adhesion molecule involved in synaptogenesis and synaptic maturation in the auditory pathway, has been associated with the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), particularly hyperacusis. To investigate the role of rare CNTN5 variants in ASD susceptibility, we performed resequencing and association analysis in a Japanese population.
Methods
We resequenced the CNTN5 coding regions in 302 patients with ASD and prioritized rare putatively damaging variants. The prioritized variants were then genotyped in 313 patients with ASD and 1065 controls. Subsequently, we conducted an association study of selected variants with ASD in 614 patients with ASD and 61 057 controls. Clinical data were reviewed for patients carrying prioritized variants.
Results
Through resequencing, we prioritized three rare putatively damaging missense variants (W69G, I227L, and L1000S) in patients with ASD. Although we found a nominally significant association between the I227L variant and ASD, it did not remain significant after post hoc correction. Hyperacusis was found in three out of nine patients carrying prioritized variants.
Conclusion
This study does not provide evidence for the contribution of rare CNTN5 variants to the genetic etiology of ASD in the Japanese population.Hadi, A.F., Arta, R.K., Kushima, I., Egawa, J., Watanabe, Y., Ozaki, N. and Someya, T. (2025), Association Analysis of Rare CNTN5 Variants With Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Japanese Population. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep, 45: e12527. https://doi.org/10.1002/npr2.12527新大院博（医）第1275
2019年から2023年にかけてのミャンマーにおけるRSウイルス感染の分子疫学的監視
Get PDF新潟大学博士（医学）To evaluate genetic changes in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) between 2019 and 2023, we analyzed RSV strains from Myanmar before and after the COVID- 19 pandemic. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positive samples from children presenting with acute respiratory infections at outpatient clinics in Yangon were sequenced to determine the genotype. Phylogenetic and molecular evolutionary analyses were conducted using the Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to construct the time-scale Maximum Clade Credibility tree. Of 1127 samples, 104 (9.2%) RSV-A and 233 (20.7%) RSV-B were positive by RT-PCR. There was an absence of a notable epidemic in 2020, a temporal shift with a surge of RSV-A in the 2021 outbreak, a lack of expected cases in 2022 and a substantial resurgence of RSV-B in 2023. The genotype of RSV-A was mainly A.D.3 lineage through the study period, while RSV-B were B.D.4.1.1 and B.D.E.1. RSV-A showed that the same lineage persisted within Myanmar throughout the pandemic, leading to a large outbreak post-COVID. In contrast, RSV-B strains appear to have temporarily disappeared during the pandemic, but subsequently, globally circulating strains likely entered Myanmar, resulting in a major outbreak in 2023. The estimated evolutionary rate at the G-ectodomain for RSV-A was 7.76 × 10⁻³ and RSV-B was 5.67 × 10⁻³ substitutions/site/year. Strengthening genomic surveillance will likely support comparisons of circulating strains with those in other countries and facilitate the introduction of vaccines and other interventions.Li, J., Chon, I., Phyu, W.W. et al. Molecular epidemiological surveillance of respiratory syncytial virus infection in Myanmar from 2019 to 2023. Sci Rep 15, 13126 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-97103-2新大院博（医）第1285
