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Rheology characteristics and swallowing dynamics of xanthan gum thickened agent
Get PDF新潟大学Niigata University博士（歯学）新大院博(歯)第564
85歳以上の高齢者における機械的血栓回収療法の検討 : 多施設研究
Get PDF新潟大学Niigata University博士（医学）In Japan, which has a super-aging society, there are increasing opportunities to perform mechanical thrombectomy for the elderly; however, there is no recorded evidence of thrombectomy for the elderly. This study examined the usefulness of thrombectomy in the elderly. We retrospectively analyzed pa-tient data using a multicenter acute ischemic stroke registry (NGT-FAST). We examined outcomes in patients 75 years and older who underwent thrombectomies between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2021. The patients were divided into two groups: the 75-84-year-old group and the 85+-year-old group. There was no difference in the pretreatment National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score or Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score between the two groups, but the 85+-year-old group had a significantly lower rate of pre-stroke modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0-2. There were no differences in time from onset to treatment or effective recanalization rate, but complications tended to be more common in the 85+-year-old group. The number of patients with a good outcome at discharge (an mRS score of 0-3) was significantly lower in the 85+-year-old group than in the 75-84-year-old group. In addition, 90.9% of patients in the 85+-year-old group with a pre-stroke mRS score of 3 deteriorated after treatment. The pre-stroke mRS score is very important in determining the indication for thrombectomy in the elderly because their preoperative condition is more likely to influ-ence the outcome than that of younger patients.Kohei SHIBUYA, Hitoshi HASEGAWA, Tomoaki SUZUKI, Haruhiko TAKAHASHI, Kei NISHIYAMA, Makoto OISHI, Yukihiko FUJII, Investigation of Mechanical Thrombectomy in Elderly Patients over 85 Years Old: A Multicenter Study, Neurologia medico-chirurgica, 2023, Volume 63, Issue 9, Pages 393-399, Released on J-STAGE September 15, 2023, Advance online publication June 28, 2023, Online ISSN 1349-8029, Print ISSN 0470-8105, https://doi.org/10.2176/jns-nmc.2023-0039, https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/nmc/63/9/63_2023-0039/_article/-char/en新大院博（医）第1210
胃癌術後患者に対する超高濃度経口栄養剤の服用の安全性と実現可能性の検証
Get PDF新潟大学Niigata University博士（医学）Background/Aim: Ensuring that postoperative gastric cancer patients receive sufficient oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) to prevent body weight loss (BWL) is a serious challenge. The present pilot study evaluated the feasibility and safety of small, frequent sip feeds (SIP) with super energy-dense ONS (SED ONS; 4 kcal/ml) in postoperative gastric cancer patients. Patients and Methods: Patients received 400 kcal/day of SED ONS in four, daily, 25ml SIP for 12 weeks after gastrectomy. The primary outcome was the percentage of postoperative weight change. The expected mean weight change was 90% (1O% standard deviation). A sample population of 14 patients, sufficient for a 95% confidence interval with a 1O% margin of error, was enrolled. Results: The mean weight change for patients receiving SIP with SED ONS was 93.8%. The mean SED ONS intake was 348 kcal/day. Thirteen patients consumed more than 200 kcal/day of SED ONS. One patient with a mean intake of 114 kcal/day had undergone total gastrectomy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusion: Small, frequent SIP with SED ONS was found to be feasible and safe in postoperative gastric cancer patients. A multicenter randomized controlled trial is warranted to determine whether SIP with SED ONS is effective in preventing BWL.Furuta R, Hatao F, Itokawa M, Yamazaki R, Morikawa Y, Honda M, Imamura K, Ishibashi Y, Morita Y. Feasibility and Safety of Super Energy-dense Oral Nutritional Supplementation in Postoperative Gastric Cancer Patients. Cancer Diagn Progn. 2023 Jul 3;3(4):514-521. doi: 10.21873/cdp.10248.新大院博（医）第1211
日本国内調査に基づく先天性TSH単独欠損症の臨床像および分子遺伝学的検討
Get PDF新潟大学Niigata University博士（医学）Central congenital hypothyroidism (CH) can occur as an isolated deficiency or as part of combined pituitary hormone deficiency. Unlike primary CH, central CH cannot be detected by newborn screening (NBS) using dry filter paper blood TSH levels, and early diagnosis remains challenging. In this study, the clinical and genetic backgrounds of patients with isolated central CH were determined through a questionnaire-based survey among members of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology. The known causes of isolated central CH were studied in 14 patients, including six with previously reported patient data. The results revealed IGSF1 and TBL1X pathogenic variants in nine and one patient, respectively. All six patients with low free thyroxine (FT4) levels detected in NBS carried IGSF1 pathogenic variants. Five patients with isolated central CH diagnosed after 3 months of age were variant-negative, except for one female patient with a heterozygous IGSF1 variant. Two of the four variant-negative patients and a variant-positive patient were diagnosed with pituitary hypoplasia. One and two patients with IGSF1 variant had obesity and intellectual disability, respectively. Left amblyopia was identified in the patient with a TBL1X variant. The study revalidated that IGSF1 variants comprise the most frequent pathogenic variant in patients with isolated central CH in Japan. The neonatal period is the optimal time for the diagnosis of central CH, particularly IGSF1 abnormalities, and the introduction of T4 screening should be considered in the future, taking cost-effectiveness into considerationNao Shibata, Chikahiko Numakura, Takashi Hamajima, Kenichi Miyako, Ikuma Fujiwara, Jun Mori, Akihiko Saitoh, Keisuke Nagasaki, Clinical and molecular analyses of isolated central congenital hypothyroidism based on a survey conducted in Japan, Endocrine Journal, 2024, Volume 71, Issue 5, Pages 471-480, Released on J-STAGE May 23, 2024, Advance online publication March 08, 2024, Online ISSN 1348-4540, Print ISSN 0918-8959, https://doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.EJ23-0391, https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/endocrj/71/5/71_EJ23-0391/_article/-char/en新大院博（医）第1216
データセンタ内の電子機器を対象とした視覚的異常検出システムの研究開発
Get PDF新潟大学Niigata University博士（工学）This thesis work presents a novel automatic visual monitoring system to enhance the efficiency of monitoring electronic devices in data centers. The goal of data center mon-itoring is to implement real-time failure detection to prevent service disruptions or loss of user data. To improve the efficiency of the monitoring in data centers, we propose an automatic visual monitoring system (AVMS) that focuses on the Light Emitting Diode (LED) lighting patterns of electronic devices. The system integrates an Internet Proto-col (IP) camera and a processing server that utilizes a framework for adaptive anomaly detection called the Master-Monitoring anomaly detection framework. This framework is designed to learn normal LED patterns and differentiate the anomalous lighting pat-terns from provided lighting patterns. Experimental data were collected in a data center that houses over 700 devices and the system was evaluated with experiments involving LED detection and anomaly detection. For the LED detection task, we proposed two methods: a subtraction-binarization-based method that integrates frame subtraction and binary thresholding techniques and a region clustering-based method based on a cluster-ing technique. The experimental results showed that the region clustering-based method outperformed the subtraction-binarization-based method, by 8% in the LED detection. For anomaly detection, we used recorded videos covering approximately 17 hours of con-tinuous monitoring. AVMS successfully detected all five true anomalies (5 out of 5) in the video data. The results of another experiment for anomaly detection demonstrate that prolonged video recording for collecting patterns of LED lighting can positively contribute to a better understanding of normal patterns and can effectively be used to monitor elec-tronic devices in data centers.新大院博(工)第561
桜島有村川流域における火山灰の堆積厚が土石流の特性およびリスク評価に及ぼす影響
Get PDF新潟大学Niigata University博士（学術）Sakurajima, one of Japan’s most active volcanos, is characterized by its transient topography, which is influenced by continuous eruptions that supply volcanic ash, thus altering surface permeability and initiating lahars. The term lahar, which includes any flow containing volcanic material, rock debris and water, can be attributed to debris flows and hyperconcentrated flows, depending on the amount of material carried by the flow. Lahar characteristics change with the temporal variation of surface permeability due to volcanic ash deposition and erosion. Due to the influence of the variation in volcanic ash thickness on the initiation of lahars, it is of great importance to investigate the relationship between surficial properties and lahar initiation mechanisms. Therefore, in this study, sixty-two lahars occurred in Arimura River basin of Sakurajima volcano has been investigated between 2015 and 2020. Utilizing X Band Multi-Parameter (XMP) radars, precipitation data was acquired to assess the role of precipitation in lahar formation. Lahar sediment runoff features and flow characteristics were analyzed using Load, Vibration, Pressure (LVP) sensors and kinematic wave models developed specifically for this study. The lahars were categorized as regular and irregular, showing changes in discharge and sediment concentrations over time. Irregular lahars were found to carry larger and higher amounts of material and have different properties compared to regular ones. Concurrently, the topographic impact of volcanic ash thickness was explored. Using Rainfall Intensity-Duration (ID) curves, volcanic ash thickness and crater activity were found to have a direct influence on lahar initiation. Categorizing all lahars, the study identified a critical monthly ash fall thickness of 0.1 cm, with an under-detection rate of only 9% and a false alarm rate of 26%. Not only the monthly ash fall, but also the temporal change of volcanic ash accumulation on the surface was investigated by using the Discharge Dependent Erosion (DDE) method developed specifically for this study and Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). It is concluded that the effect of erosion and deposition plays an important role on the permeability of the ground surface, even if the monthly ash fall thickness has a certain effect. Risk assessment charts were developed based on volcanic ash thickness, crater activities, ID curves, peak discharge values of lahars and rock block sizes transported in the flow. These charts were successfully validated to a large extent by the lahars that occurred in 2014 and 2021.新大院博(学)第232
