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Chamberlainium pentagonum (Conti) n.comb. et Spongites fruticulosus (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) dans les calcaires miocènes de Méditerranée occidentale.
Full text linkMolecular phylogenetic analyses discovered an unexpected biodiversity of coralline algae in modern oceans. This species richness is unlikely to be an exclusive characteristic of recent ecosystems. With the aim to investigate fossil coralline biodiversity, a large dataset of western Mediterranean Miocene specimens, previously identified as Spongites fruticulosus (and synonymized taxa), have been revised based on the current taxonomic framework. The analysis recognized two distinct groups. The first group includes the specimens fitting within the current description of S. fruticulosus. The second group consists of Chamberlainium pentagonum comb. nov., the first fossil representative of the genus. This species has been separated from S. fruticulosus on the basis of its smaller conceptacles and its thinner conceptacle roof. The very same characters have been highlighted by modern molecular phylogenetic analyses for separating Chamberlainium from Spongites. Chamberlainium pentagonum, similarly to the fossil specimens of Spongites fruticulosus, occurs in most of the investigated area and the two species coexist in several localities, indicating a similar and broad ecological tolerance for both taxa. These results suggest that Miocene coralline algal biodiversity is probably underestimated and prove the convenience of using large datasets for the study of fossil coralline algae.Des analyses phylogénétiques moléculaires ont révélé une biodiversité inattendue au sein des algues rouges calcaires des océans modernes. Il est peu probable que cette richesse des espèces soit une caractéristique exclusive des écosystèmes modernes. Afin d'étudier la biodiversité des algues rouges calcaires fossiles, un large ensemble de données issues d'échantillons du Miocène de la Méditerranée occidentale, auparavant identifiés comme Spongites fruticulosus (et ses synonymes juniors), a été révisé en s'appuyant sur le cadre taxinomique moderne. Cette analyse a identifié deux groupes distincts. Le premier groupe comporte les spécimens correspondant à la description actuelle de S. fruticulosus. Le second groupe est constitué par Chamberlainium pentagonum n.comb., premier fossile représentatif du genre. Cette espèce a été séparée de Spongites fruticulosus sur la base de la plus petite taille de ses conceptables et de l'épaisseur moindre du toit de ces derniers. Les mêmes caractéristiques ont été mises en évidence par les analyses phylogénétiques moléculaires modernes permettant de séparer Chamberlainium de Spongites. Chamberlainium pentagonum, tout comme les spécimens fossiles de Spongites fruticulosus, est présent dans la majeure partie de la zone étudiée et ces deux espèces cohabitent dans plusieurs localités, indiquant une tolérance écologique large et similaire pour les deux taxons. Ces résultats suggèrent que la biodiversité des algues rouges calcaires miocènes est probablement sous-estimée ; ils montrent l'intérêt d'utiliser des ensembles de données conséquents pour étudier les algues rouges calcaires fossiles
t(12;15)(p13;q25) ETV6/NTRK3 in solid tumors
Full text linkReview on t(12;15)(p13;q25) in solid tumors, with data on clinics, and the genes involved
RARA (Retinoic acid receptor, alpha)
Full text linkReview on RARA with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated
TNIK (TRAF2 and NCK interacting kinase)
Full text linkThe serine/threonine kinase Traf2- and Nck interacting kinase (TNIK), is a member of the germinal center kinase (GCK) family that has been reported to have an important role in the regulation of Jun N-terminal kinase pathway (JNK) activation and actin cytoskeleton. It has also been demonstrated that TNIK is an important activator of Wnt pathway, where it interacts with β-catenin/TCF4 complex, phosphorylates Tcf4 inducing the transcription of Wnt target genes. In several studies, the expression of TNIK has been established to be involved in different human cancers
PHLDA3 (Pleckstrin Homology-Like Domain, family A, member 3)
Full text linkReview on PHLDA3, with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated
SLC6A4 (solute carrier family 6 member 4)
Full text linkThe SLC6A4 gene encodes a sodium-dependent serotonin reuptake protein delivering the neurotransmitter serotonin from the synaptic cleft back to the presynaptic end. Its main function is to abort the activity of serotonin and forward it to neurotransmitter pool for recycling. The psychomotor stimulant drugs mainly amphetamines and cocaine act on this transmembrane protein which is a member of the sodium: neurotransmitter symporter family. SLC6A4 gene polymorphisms affect the rate of serotonin reuptake and play an important role in pathogenesis of various illnesses like Sudden infant death syndrome, aggressive behaviour in Alzheimer patients, Seasonal affective disorder, Major depressive Disorder and Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Full text linkTumours derived from Langerhans cells (LCs) are divided into two main subgroups, according to the degree of cytological atypia and clinical aggressiveness: LC histiocytosis (LCH) and LC sarcoma. Both subgroups maintain the phenotypic profile and ultrastructural features of LCs. LCH is a clonal neoplastic proliferation of Langerhans-type cells that express CD1a, langerin, and S100 protein, showing Birbeck granules by ultrastructural examination. Here the clinicopathological of LCH will be discussed