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THBS1 (thrombospondin-1)
Get PDFThrombospondins are encoded in vertebrates by a family of 5 THBS genes. THBS1 is infrequently mutated in most cancers, but its expression is positively regulated by several tumor suppressor genes and negatively regulated by activated oncogenes and promoter hypermethylation. Consequently, loss of thrombospondin-1 expression is frequently lost during oncogenesis and is correlated with a poor prognosis for some cancers. Thrombospondin-1 is a secreted protein that acts in the tumor microenvironment to inhibit angiogenesis, regulate antitumor immunity, stimulate tumor cell migration, and regulate the activities of extracellular proteases and growth factors. Differential effects of thrombospondin-1 on the sensitivity of normal versus malignant cells to ischemic and genotoxic stress also regulate the responses to tumors to therapeutic radiation and chemotherapy
t(1;14)(p35;q32) LAPTM5/IGH
Get PDFReview on t(1;14)(p35;q32), with data on clinics, and the genes involved
t(9;14)(p24;q12) STRN3/JAK2
Get PDFReview on t(9;14)(p24;q12), with data on clinics, and the genes involved
FANCL (FA complementation group L)
Get PDFReview on FANCL, with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated
Psycho-oncology: understanding the processes involved in the experience of users of Complementary or Alternative Medicine (MCA)
No full textDans le cadre d’une thèse de doctorat en psychologie (Suissa, 2017), nous avons évalué l’impact du recours aux Médecines complémentaires et alternatives (MCA) chez les patients atteints de cancer. À partir d’une méthode à la fois qualitative et quantitative, nous avons comparé le vécu de 32 patients utilisant ou non les MCA (groupe 1 et 2), de façon complémentaire ou alternative aux traitements curatifs (groupe 3 et 4). Les résultats de l’étude corroborent notre hypothèse de départ selon laquelle le recours aux MCA est conjointement vecteur de bénéfices, de risques et de dérives. Dans cet article, il s’agit de mieux saisir le vécu expérientiel des utilisateurs de MCA en lien avec leurs recours complémentaires ou alternatifs. Pour ce faire, nous développerons une analyse des processus psychologiques distincts entre les utilisateurs complémentaires et les utilisateurs alternatifs en nous appuyant sur les résultats qualitatifs de l’étude. En effet, l’analyse du discours nous a permis d’identifier, au sein de ces deux groupes, des différences fondamentales que nous nous attacherons à interpréter tout en les articulant avec les données de la littérature. Appuyée par des citations de patients, cette démarche comparative permet de mettre en lumière les mécanismes et facteurs impliqués dans les orientations (complémentaires ou exclusives) des utilisateurs. Elle apporte également des éléments explicatifs relatifs aux bénéfices observés auprès des utilisateurs complémentaires et aux risques de dérives auxquels sont confrontés les utilisateurs alternatifs. L’intégration des MCA apparaît pertinente et utile afin de répondre aux besoins exprimés par les malades. Toutefois, elle doit pouvoir se faire de façon progressive et prudente au regard des risques et des dérives parfois constatés.As part of a doctoral thesis in psychology (Suissa, 2017), we assessed the impact of the use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) in patients with cancer. Using a method that is both qualitative and quantitative, we compared the experience of 32 patients using or not using MCA (group 1 and 2), in a complementary or alternative to curative treatments (group 3 and 4). The results of the study corroborate our initial hypothesis according to which the use of CAM is a vector of benefits, risks and abuses. In this article, it is a question of better grasping the experiential experience of the users of MCA in connection with their complementary or alternative remedies. To do this, we will develop an analysis of the distinct psychological processes between complementary users and alternative users based on the qualitative results of the study. Indeed, the analysis of the discourse allowed us to identify, within these two groups, fundamental differences which we will endeavor to interpret while articulating them with the data of the literature. Supported by quotes from patients, this comparative approach highlights the mechanisms and factors involved in users’ (complementary or exclusive) orientations. It also provides explanatory elements relating to the benefits observed among complementary users and the risks of deviations faced by alternative users. The integration of MCA appears relevant and useful to meet the needs expressed by patients. However, it must be possible to do so in a gradual and prudent manner with regard to the risks and deviations sometimes observed
HTR4 (5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4)
Get PDFBeing a member of the serotonin receptor family, 5-HT4 receptor ties up the neurotransmitter-serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine/ 5-HT) in the central nervous system (CNS) of mammals. Commonly 5-HT4 receptors (5-HTR4) are G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), in which the G proteins cause the induction of adenylate cyclase, subsequently leading to cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and protein kinase A (PKA) activations. These receptors are commonly expressed in gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, nervous, and urinary systems, as well as the adrenal cortex (Tack et al., 2012). In this review article, the genetic, cellular, and biochemical knowledge of 5-HT4 receptors is deliberated. Besides the emphasis on receptor-ligand interaction with therapeutics, the implication of these receptors in several health disturbances/diseases is considered on the basis of available literature
Rétablissement total des conditions marines après la phase "Lago Mare" du Messinien supérieur de la Mer Méditerranée dans les régions de Licodia Eubea et Villafranca Tirrena (Sicile orientale).
No full textAfter the Upper Messinian Mediterranean Lago-Mare phase, at the end of the Messinian salinity crisis, the Mediterranean basin was characterized by a return to normal marine conditions starting with the Lower Pliocene (Zanclean). In this period, remarkably thick layers of calcareous pelitic sediments, very rich in planktonic foraminifers and nannofossils, were widely deposited in the Mediterranean basin. The calcareous pelitic deposits of Sicily (Trubi Formation), as well as in other Mediterranean regions, were deposited conformably on the pre-Pliocene substrate, which is mainly represented by Messinian evaporites or by the post-evaporitic Lago-Mare facies. We have analysed samples taken from the lower portion of the Trubi Formation (Zanclean), just above the Messinian facies, collected from Licodia Eubea and Villafranca Tirrena areas (eastern Sicily). Micropalaentological assemblages consist of benthic and planktonic foraminifers and a typical deep-water ostracod fauna. The microfossil association and the stratigraphy of the Messinian-Pliocene transitional layers, supported by calcareous nannoplankton data, demonstrate not only rapid sea-level rise in this sector of the Mediterranean region, but also that this event, occurred without producing erosional features, unlike at other sites (e.g., Strait of Gibraltar).Après la phase dite "Lago Mare" en Mer Méditerranée, à la fin de la crise de la salinité du Messinien supérieur, le bassin méditerranéen s'est caractérisé par un retour à des conditions marines normales à partir du Pliocène inférieur (Zancléen). Au cours de cette période, des accumulations remarquablement épaisses de sédiments pélitiques calcaires très riches en foraminifères planctoniques et nannofossiles se sont déposées dans le bassin méditerranéen. En Sicile, ces sédiments pélitiques calcaires sont connus à l'affleurement sous l'appellation de Formation de Trubi. Comme dans d'autres régions méditerranéennes, ils ont été déposés en concordance sur le substrat pré-Pliocène, qui est essentiellement représenté par les évaporites messiniennes ou par des sédiments post-évaporites à faciès "Lago Mare". Pour cette étude, nous avons analysé des échantillons récoltés dans les secteurs de Licodia Eubea et Villafranca Tirrena (Sicile orientale) à la base de la Formation de Trubi (Zancléen), immédiatement au-dessus du faciès messinien. Les résidus de lavages sont caractérisés par des associations micropaléntologiques de foraminifères, benthiques et planctoniques, et d'ostracodes typiques d'eaux profondes. Les caractéristiques de ces associations de microfossiles et l'observation stratigraphique des couches de la transition Messinien-Pliocène témoignent d'une élévation rapide du niveau de la mer dans ce secteur de la région p aléoméditerranéenne ; en outre, elles sembleraient démontrer qu'ici, contrairement à ce qui a été observé sur d'autres secteurs (e.g., détroit de Gibraltar), cet événement serait survenu sans y produire de traces tangibles d'érosion
CD81 (Cluster of Differentiation 81)
Get PDFCluster of differentiation (CD81) is a type of protein, which is encoded by CD81 gene. Beside that CD81 is also known under other names such as Target of the Antiproliferative Antibody 1 (TAPA-1) and Tetraspanin-28 (TSPAN28). Location of CD81 is known to be on chromosome 11 (11p15.5), where it contains 15-20 bases in length. It is expressed mostly in cells of testis, ovary, endometrium, placenta, bone marrow, smooth muscles and others. The main function of the CD81 protein is to mediate signal transduction events, which are important for cells' development, activation, growth and motility. The CD81 gene is also known as a candidate for many malignancies because of its location. The characteristic feature of CD81 is that it is highly hydrophobic and contains a short N- and C-terminal cytoplasmic domains together with cytoplasmic cysteines, potential sites of palmitoylation as well as four transmembrane domains where they together hold the protein in a cell membrane. There are two CD81 isoforms, isoform 1 and isoform 2. Isoforms of CD81 are usually found in a tumor-suppressor region where they have a great impact on tumor development. There has always been a high interest in research on CD81 function in viral disease development. In fact, it is known that CD81 contributes in the development of diseases such as hepatitis C, malaria and various types of cancer. Since the complete effect of CD81 is unknown, further research and scientific methodology could potentially discover all possible functions and mechanisms regulated by the CD81 protein in human body
