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    1113 research outputs found

    The Life Forms, Life Strategies and Ecological Characteristics of Epiphytic Bryophytes in Kamilet Valley (Artvin-Türkiye) and Surroundings

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    In this study, the epiphytic bryophyte flora of Kamilet Valley (Artvin-Arhavi) located within East Blacksea Mountains which is one of 122 important plant area in Turkey and its surroundings and phorophyte preferences of bryophytes were investigated. As a the result of identifications of 428 bryophyte specimens collected from the stems of the trees in different seasons of the years 2015 and 2016, a total of 51 taxa (8 liverworts, 43 mosses) were determined. Also, the life forms and life strategies of the taxa examined in terms of ecological and floristical have been analyzed. Weft and Cushion are dominant of the life forms while perennial stayers are dominant in the life strategies. While Alnus glutinosa is the most preferred host tree by the epiphytic taxa, Pinus sylvestris is the least preferred. In addition, majority of taxa in the floristic list are mesophytic, sciophyt, and subneutrophyt

    Para kenmotsu manifoldun Skew Semi invaryant altmanifoldları

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    In this paper skew semi invariant submanifolds of para Kenmotsu manifold are studied. An example is given and integrability conditions of distributions are obtained. This kind of submanifolds of para Kenmotsu space form are examined and some curvature properties are obtained. Finally it is proved that a totally geodesic skew semi invariant submanifold of para Kenmotsu manifold is EinsteinBu çalışmada para Kenmotsu manifoldlaırn skew semi invaryant altmanifoldları çalışıldı. Bir örnek verildi ve distribüsyonların integrallenebilirlik şartları elde edildi. Para Kenmotsu space formun bu tür altmanifoldları incelendi ve bazı eğrilik özellikleri elde edildi. Son olarak para Kenmotsu manifoldların bir total geoedezik skew semi invaryant altmanifoldunun Einstein olduğu ispatlandı

    The relationship between the professional motivation and job satisfaction levels of the administrative staff with the socio-demographic characteristics of the personnel: Munzur University example

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    Bu çalışmada; Munzur Üniversitesi’ndeki idari personelin mesleki motivasyonu ve iş tatmini düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiler personelin sosyo-demografik özellikleriyle birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Öncelikle ankete katılan idari personelin demografik özellikleri (cinsiyet, yaş grupları, medeni durum, kadro pozisyonu ve üniversitede toplam çalışma süresi) değerlendirilmiştir. Ardından söz konusu personelin iş tatmin düzeyleri ile mesleki motivasyon düzeylerinin sosyo-demografik özellikler açısından anlamlı farklılıklar gösterip göstermediği %5 anlamlılık düzeyinde test edilmiştir. Benzer biçimde, personelin iş tatmini ile mesleki motivasyon düzeyleri arasındaki korelasyon ilişkisi de değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma bulguları; iş tatmini düzeyleri ile mesleki motivasyon düzeyleri arasında pozitif yönlü orta düzeyde bir korelasyon ilişkisi söz konusu olduğunu göstermiştir. Sosyo-demografik özellikler açısından iş tatmini ve mesleki motivasyon (toplam) düzeyleri yaş gruplarına göre anlamlı farklılıklar göstermiş, üniversitede toplam çalışma süreleri iş tatmini üzerinde etkili olmuştur. Cinsiyetin mesleki motivasyon (dışsal) düzeyleri üzerinde etkisinin bulunduğu saptanmıştır. Son olarak mesleki motivasyonun (içsel-toplam) kadro pozisyonları açısından farklılık gösterdiği bulunmuştur.In this study; the relationship between the professional motivation and job satisfaction levels of the administrative staff at Munzur University was evaluated together with the socio-demographic characteristics of the personnel. The distribution of the demographic characteristics (gender, age groups, marital status, personel cadre position and the total working time at the university) of the administrative staff participating in the survey were examined. It was also tested at 5% significance level whether the level of job satisfaction and professional motivation of the staff shows significant differences in terms of variables in the socio-demographic characteristics section, which is the first part of the questionnaire form. Similarly, the correlation between the job satisfaction of the staff and the level of professional motivation was also examined. The findings of the study indicate that there is a positive moderate correlation between job satisfaction levels and professional motivation levels. While socio-demographic characteristics indicated that job satisfaction and vocational motivation (total) levels were significantly different by age group, the total working times at university had an effect on job satisfaction.Finally, there was an effect on gender's professional motivation (external) levels, professional motivation (internal-total) differs in terms of personnel cadre positions

    Biochemical responses of Gammarus pulex to malachite green solutions decolorized by Coriolus versicolor as a biosorbent under batch adsorption conditions optimized with Response Surface Methodology

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    The current study was aimed to investigate the detoxifying and antioxidant enzyme response ofGammarus pulexexposed to malachite green (MG) after decolorization byCoriolus versicolor. Response surface methodology(RSM) was utilized to optimize the decolorization conditions of MG synthetic solutions byC. versicolor.Glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), super-oxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) activities inG. pulexexposed to undecolorized (A1) and decolorized (A2) MG synthetic solution during 24 and 96 h were tested byusing ELISA method. SOD and GPXenzyme activity was increased after decolorization (p > 0.05). CAT enzymeactivity was increased in A2 group during 24 h (p > 0.05) but decreased during 96 h (p < 0.05). GSH levelswere increased in A2 group during 24 and 96 h (p < 0.05). GST, CYP1A1 enzyme activity and MDA levels weredecreased after decolorization during 96 h (p < 0.05). In this study, GSH levels, CAT, GST and CYP1A1 ac-tivities inG. pulexapproved the capability ofC. versicolorin MG decolorization, optimized with RS

    TUNCELİ İLİNDE YETİŞEN SUMAK BİTKİSİNİN FİTOKİMYASAL BİLEŞENLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

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    Sumak Anacardieceae ailesine ait bir bitkidir. Bu çalışmada Tunceli’de doğal olarak yetişen sumak bitkisi 5 farklı ilçeden toplandı, yıkandıktan ve oda sıcaklığında kurutulduktan sonra analize kadar buzdolabında saklandı. Sumak örneklerinde pH, renk, kül miktarları, toplam fenolik madde içeriği, DPPH serbest radikali giderme kapasitesi, metal şelatlama kapasitesi, CUPRAC, indirgeme kuvveti, mineral madde içeriği, organik asitlerden; tartarik asit, malik asit ve sitrik asit, fenolik bileşiklerden; gallik asit, vanilik asit, kafeik asit, rutin, resveratrol, (-)- epikateşin ve (+)- kateşin hidrat içeriği belirlendi. Yapılan çalışmada toplam fenolik madde (TFM) miktarı 1929±63 mg GAE kg-1-231±10 mg GAE kg-1 aralığında bulundu. Bütün sumak örneklerinde TFM miktarı en yüksek asitlendirilmiş metanol ekstraktında, DPPH serbest radikali giderme kapasitesi ise asitlendirilmiş asetonitril ekstraktında olduğu görüldü. S5 nolu örneğin ise bütün ekstraktlarının metal şelatlama kapasitesi diğer örneklerden yüksek olduğu fakat EDTA’nın metal şelatlama kapasitesinden düşük olduğu belirlendi. CUPRAC’ın ise en yüksek 118.0±3.0 mg KAE kg-1 ile S5 nolu örneğin asitlendirilmiş metanol ekstraktında, en düşük 10.2±0.6 mg KAE kg-1 ile yine S5 nolu örneğin asitlendirilmiş asetonitril ekstratında olduğu tespit edildi. Bütün örneklerin indirgeme kuvvetleri ise sentetik antioksidanların indirgeme kuvvetlerinden düşük olduğu, ayrıca örneklerin mineral madde bakımından da zengin oldukları, baskın olan organik asidin malik asit, fenolik bileşiğin ise gallik asit olduğu tespit edildi

    Mechanics of plio-quaternary faulting around the Karliova triple junction: implications for the deformation of Eastern part of the Anatolian Scholle

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    The intersection of the Eurasian and Arabian plates and the smaller Anatolian Scholle created the Karlıova Triple Junction (KTJ) in eastern Turkey. In this study, we present analogue model experiments for this region and compare the results with our field observations and data from remote sensing imagery. Our comparison suggests that the sense of slip along curvilinear faults at the west of the KTJ changes along strike moving away from the principal displacement zones, from strike-slip to oblique normal and then to pure normal slip. Although, the active Prandtl cell model has been proposed to explain the overall regional fault pattern at eastern part of the Anatolian Scholle, the map view orientation of the secondary faults within the Karlıova wedge and performed analogue modelling results suggest that the passive wedgeshaped Prandtl cell model with a normal dip-slip component along slip lines is more appropriate in order to explain not only deformation pattern around the KTJ but also internal deformation of eastern part of the Anatolia. Moreover, these faults accumulate the significant amount of deformation that causes to the irregular earthquake behavior and the relatively lower geologic slip-rates along the main fault branch of boundary faults around the KTJ

    The attitudes and the behaviours of the university studentstowards dating violence

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    Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerinin flört şiddetine ilişkin tutum ve davranışlarını değerlendirmektir. Metod: Çalışma, 2015-2016 öğretim yılı bahar döneminde bir devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören ve Kredi Yurtlar Kurumuna bağlı bir öğrenci yurdunda kalan 300 erkek ve 200 kız öğrenci ile yürütüldü. Veriler, 23 sorudan oluşan anket formu kullanılarak toplandı. Elde edilen veriler SPSS (Statistical Package of Social Sciences) veri tabanında sayı, yüzdelikler ve ki-kare önemlilik testi kullanılarak analiz edildi. Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 22,09 ± 2,29 olan öğrencilerin, %51,8’i çocukluk çağında şiddete maruz kaldığını, %37,8’ı sık sık tanıklık ettiğini, %28,6’sı flört şiddetine maruz kaldığını, %22,1’i partnerine şiddet uyguladığını, %13,9’u şiddet yüzünden biten duygusal bir ilişkisi olduğunu ifade etti. Öğrenci tutumları incelendiğinde kadınlarda şiddetle ilgili farkındalığın erkeklerden yüksek olduğu; aynı zamanda ihmal etme, alay etme, takip etme, sosyal yaşamı kısıtlama, aldatma ve kıskanma gibi davranışların erkekler tarafından daha az şiddet davranışı olarak algılandığı görüldü. Ayrıca geçmişte şiddete maruz kalma ve şiddete tanıklık etme ile partnerine şiddet uygulama davranışı arasında anlamlı ilişki olduğu görüldü (p<0,05). Sonuç: Üniversite öğrenci grubunda, flört şiddeti farkındalığı düşük olup, partnerine şiddet uygulama davranışının ise önemli boyutlarda olduğu görülmüştür.Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the attitudes and behaviours of the university students towards dating violence. Method: The study was conducted among female (n = 200) and male (n = 300) students studying at a public university and staying a dormitory of Students Loans and Dormitories Institution during 2015-1016 academic year’s spring semester. A questionnaire consisting of 23 questions was used to collect the data. The obtained data were analysed by using numbers, percentages and chisquare test in SPSS database. Findings: The average age of the students was 22,09 ± 2,29, 51,8% were exposed to the violence during childhood, 37,8% frequently witnessed violence during childhood, 28,6% were exposed to the violence of intimate partners, 22,1% committed violence against their intimate partners, and 13,9% reported a relationship that ended because of the violence. When the attitudes of the students were examined, it was seen that, in general, the females' awareness of violence was higher than that of the males; also, certain behaviours such as neglect, mocking, tracking, restricting social life, cheating and jealousy were less considered as violent behaviours by males than by females. Besides, it was observed that there was a significant relationship between previous exposure to violence, witnessing violence in childhood and dating violence practice (p<0,05). Conclusion: Among the university student group, the awareness of dating violence was low and the extent of violent behaviours against partner was significant

    A bridge stretching from central Asia to Anatolia : Barış Manço and Turkish cultural history

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    Barış Manço enriched his works with national motifs by considering that he could express the bridge between past and future only best with music and conveyed Turkish culture to the popular culture in Turkey especially after 1970. The musician, who combined thousands of years of tradition of Ozan-Baksı with a new interpretation of popular music of the 20th century and a form of expression, maintained his music life that he started in the early years of 1960s until 1999 in various areas and his works have been loved in a great circle by exceeding the borders of the country. He as a musician, who built his works that he composed and performed through his own culture within the framework of sense of modern music, achieved to make a distinguished name for himself with his musical works in different parts of the world (Belgium,France,Japan) thanks to his intellectual personality and talent. Granted many national and international awards, Barış Manço created his works with thematic and historical notions and contributed a national identity and spirit to his sense of music by feeding his songs with the sources that he gained from Anatolia. Besides folk literatüre (tale, proverb,riddle, and storytelling in bard style) in Manço’s works, it is possible to encounter so many epic types full of historical references. This study has addressed his sense of music bridging from Central Asia to Anatolia by handling Barış Manço in the framework of Turkish cultural history and consciousness. In this context, the way Barış Manço expressed Turkish history and culture through music and in this regard how important and functional his works are in terms of music history in recent period will be discussed. Visual and written documents in the study have been handled within the context of qualitative research method and descriptive and interpretive perspective. The sample of the study is formed by the songs of the musician called“Hey Koca Topçu/Genç Osman” (1973)” and “Kayaların Oğlu” (1975)

    Geography of OBOR Attempt

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    OBOR (One Belt One Road-Bir Kuşak Bir Yol) Girişimi, Çin jeopolitiği ve jeoekonomisinin bir gereği olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. OBOR, merkezinde Çin’in yer aldığı Asya, Avrupa, Orta Doğu ve kısmen Afrika’yı da kapsayan, ulaşım ağları, telekomünikasyon ve enerji ağları ile uluslararası entegrasyonun hedeflendiği bir projedir. OBOR girişimi oldukça geniş bir coğrafi sınıra sahiptir. 69 üye ülkeyi, dünya nüfusunun % 65’ini, dünya GYSYH’nIn % 42’sini, bilinen enerji rezervlerinin % 75’ini, dünya kara yüzölçümünün % 40 kadarını kapsamaktadır. Çin, OBOR sürecinde altyapı yatırımlarını 30-35 yılda tamamlamayarak, Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin kuruluşunun 100. yılı olan 2049’da, girişime tüm yönlerliyle işlerlik kazandırmayı planlamaktadır. Projelerin tamamlanması uzun vadeye yayılsa da, Çin on yıl içinde OBOR ülkeleri arasında 2.5 trilyon ABD Doları değerinde yıllık ticaret hacmine ulaşmayı hedeflemektedir. OBOR süreci yalnızca altyapı projelerinden ibaret olarak görülmemelidir. Girişimin zaman içerisinde ticaret hukukunda uyum, serbest ticaret bölgeleri oluşturma, gümrük anlaşmalarıyla uluslararası bir entegrasyona dönüşeceği görülmektedir. Bu çalışma, pek çok yönüyle coğrafi mekânın konusu olan OBOR Girişimi’ni, gelişen süreçlerle birlikte irdelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.OBOR attempt has manifested the force of Chinese geopolitics and geoeconomics. OBOR is a project where China places in its center and also involves Asia, Europe, Middle East and partly the Africa. Transportation networks, telecommunication, energy networks with the international integration are aimed at this project. OBOR attempt has pretty large territorial limits. It covers 69 member countries, 65% of the world population, 42% of the world’s GDP, 75% of the energy reserves known, 40% of the square measure of lands of the world. China has planned the attempt to bring into force in 2049 when will be the 100th year of the foundation of PRC by completing the infrastructure investments within 30-35 years. Much as completing the project has extended over a period, China targets to reach $2,5 trillion of annual trade volume among OBOR countries within ten years. OBOR must not be seen as just composed of the infrastructure projects. It is observed that the attempt is going to turn into an international integration by the adaptation in commercial law, establishing free trade areas, and the customs treatises. This paper aims to analyze OBOR attempt that is the subject of the geographical location of the developing processes

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