Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università degli Studi di Venezia Ca' Foscari
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An analysis of colleganza contracts in the Republic of Venice and its relationship to the Serrata of the Great Council
Full text linkFrom its inception, the Republic of Venice was a state focused on maritime trade, an activity that required large amounts of capital and involved many risks. To meet these needs, the Republic used a type of contract called colleganza, a form of profit-sharing partnership by which a sedentary investor (stans) financed a travelling merchant (tractor). The colleganza benefited a large portion of the population and constituted a commercial as well as a social network. In this paper, we use an existing database of colleganza contracts to investigate access to the nobility in the Republic of Venice during the Serrata (1297–1323), a constitutional process through which membership in the Great Council, the most important political assembly of the republic, became hereditary and limited to noble families, making the patriciate the ruling class of Venice. We first show that there was no social stratification between the role of stans and tractor and that many families switched from one role to the other. Next, we investigate the probability of being admitted to the Great Council and find that it was higher for families who were more active in the colleganza, both in terms of the number of contracts and roles held, and who had higher DNSL-betweenness in the colleganza social network. We conclude that a strong presence in various roles in the colleganza contracts and centrality in the network were sources of social capital that could be harnessed to ensure the family’s social advancement and access to nobility
Balancing the Scales: Using GANs and Class Balance for Superior Malware Detection
No full textEnsuring the security of a network infrastructure necessitates the
precise detection and categorization of malware. While existing
methodologies have demonstrated higher accuracy, their effective-
ness has predominantly been validated on a limited subset of mal-
ware families or samples. These analyses often focus on malware
families with a higher number of samples, potentially leading to bi-
ased and unrepresentative classification results. To address this gap,
our study aims to enhance the accuracy and robustness of malware
detection and categorization systems by investigating the impact
of dataset size, class balance, and data augmentation techniques
on classifier performance. We demonstrate the efficacy of our ap-
proach on a comparatively larger dataset titled Blue Hexagon Open
Dataset for Malware AnalysiS, comprising of 134k samples. Our
analysis, exploiting 85 malware families with at least 50 samples
each, results in the highest accuracy of 92.28% using Random Forest
as the classifier on the original imbalanced dataset. However, by
employing Generative Adversarial Networks to generate synthetic
samples and achieve balanced class distributions (resulted in bal-
anced datasets), our approach demonstrates the improvement in
the classifier’s accuracy to 99.35%
Per i WWW non è mai inverno, ci siano sempre anche tutte le foglie. Una piccola selezione dei messaggi inviati da Eugenio Gatto alla redazione di AIB-WEB (gennaio 1996 - giugno 1997)
No full textEugenio Gatto è stato fra i fondatori e fra i principali responsabili del sito web dell’Associazione Italiana Biblioteche, a partire dai primi progetti (fine 1995) fino al debutto pubblico (inizio 1997) e poi almeno fino al 2009. Uno dei suoi numerosi contributi a tale iniziativa fu la creazione e la gestione di numerosi “gruppi di discussione” attraverso cui coordinatori, redattori e collaboratori del sito si scambiavano messaggi di posta elettronica. Dagli archivi di tali gruppi ho estratto quindici messaggi risalenti ai primi due anni dei lavori, che ne hanno gettato le fondamenta e impostato il metod
El tratamiento de los anglicismos en traducción audiovisual: una comparación entre el español y el italiano
No full textThe aim of this paper is to deal with Anglicisms (English loans) in the field of audiovisual translation and, more specifically, in subtitling. After briefly framing from a theoretical point of view the complex and interesting phenomenon of Anglicisms in relation, among other things, to English as a lingua franca, we intend to observe how it is put into practice in the context of audiovisual translation. For our research purposes, we have selected a recent Spanish television series produced and distributed by Netflix: Machos Alfa (2022). Following the process of transcribing the subtitles of both the original Spanish version and the Italian version, all cases in which Anglicisms have been adopted, have then been identified. Subsequently, the analysis of these anglicisms, both in Spanish and Italian, has been carried out in order to analyse the differences in usage and frequency in these two cognate languages. In the conclusions, some initial considerations are offered to lay the foundations for further research
Static Detection of Untrusted Cross-Contract Invocations in Go Smart Contracts
No full textA blockchain is a trustless system in an environment populated by untrusted peers. Code deployed in blockchain as a smart contract should be cautious when invoking contracts of other peers as they might introduce several risks and unexpected issues. This paper presents an information flowbased approach for detecting cross-contract invocations to untrusted contracts, written in general-purpose languages, that could lead to arbitrary code executions and store any results coming from them. The analysis is implemented in GoLiSA, a static analyzer for Go. Our experimental results show that GoLiSA is able to detect all vulnerabilities related to untrusted cross-contract invocations on a significant benchmark suite of smart contracts written in Go for Hyperledger Fabric, an enterprise framework for blockchain solutions
La guerra russo-ucraina e il contesto internazionale
No full textQuesto articolo inserisce le dinamiche dle conflitto russo-ucraino nello scenario internazionale creatosi dopo la crisi del sistema unipolare, con particolare riferimento al revisionismo poliitco della Russia
2‐formyl‐5‐(hydroxymethyl)furan (HMF) derivatives as active complexing agent for CO2 insertion reaction
Full text linkRenewable-based furan compounds derived from 2-formyl-5-(hydroxymethyl)furan (5-HMF) were successfully employed as catalysts to synthesize cyclic organic carbonates through the reaction of carbon dioxide with epoxides. The effects of temperature, reaction time, reagent ratios, and carbon dioxide pressure were optimized before evaluating various bio-based complexing agents in combination with different alkali metal halide salts. Among them, 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran (BHTHF) showed the highest efficiency as a complexing agent when paired with sodium bromide (NaBr), enabling the production of industrially relevant cyclic carbonates in high yields (12 examples, achieving 94-99% epoxide conversion and 70-99% carbonate selectivity) under mild pressure conditions (carbon dioxide pressure of 1-10 bar, reaction time of 6 hours, and temperature of 120 °C). Additionally, the BHTHF/NaBr catalytic system demonstrated high stability, maintaining its performance over nine consecutive epoxide additions (8 mmol each) without any loss of efficiency
Laila Ripoll, Radioteatro. Guernica, l'ultimo viaggio - Il convoglio dei 927, studio (pp. 5-86), traduzione e note di Veronica Orazi
No full textGuernica, el último viaje (2006) narra la storia del quadro, divenuto un simbolo universale, ripercorrendone le vicende fino all’arrivo al Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía nel 1992. I protagonisti sono alcuni dei soggetti raffigurati, assieme a Picasso, sua moglie e le sue amanti. El convoy de los 927 (2007), si ispira alle tragiche vicende del gruppo di repubblicani spagnoli (i 927 cui allude il titolo) deportati dal campo di rifugiati di Angoulême al campo di concentramento nazista di Mauthausen, nell’estate del 1940
El tratamiento del marcador discursivo polifuncional "pues" en la traducción audiovisual español>italiano: una aproximación a sus posibles opciones traslativas
No full textLa traducción de los marcadores del discurso representa un campo de investigación
muy explorado y que ha dado lugar a una maraña de publicaciones (Bazzanella
/ Morra 2000; Borreguero Zuloaga 2011; Calvo Rigual 2015; Fernández
Loya 2006; Portolés Lázaro 2002). Si adoptamos una perspectiva eminentemente
contrastiva entre el español y el italiano, cabe mencionar los trabajos de Flores
Requejo (2008) y Medina Montero (2013; 2020) y Trovato (2023). Por otro lado,
al abordar esta amplia temática, no se puede prescindir de tratar el papel que
juega la variación entre la lengua hablada y la lengua escrita, como acertadamente
señalan López Serena y Borreguero Zuloaga (2010).
Sin entrar en mayores detalles acerca de la aproximación teórica a los marcadores
del discurso en lengua española (Borreguero Zuloaga / López Serena 2011;
Flores Acuña 2015, 2017; Fuentes Rodríguez 2018; Martín Zorraquino / Portolés
Lázaro 1999; Sainz González 2015) y los relativos a la lengua italiana (Bazzanella
1995; 2005; 2011), en la presente contribución, nos proponemos realizar un
estudio en torno a la transposición interlingüística hacia el italiano del marcador
del discurso español con carácter polifuncional pues y el tratamiento que experimenta
en el ámbito de la traducción audiovisual. Para ello, hemos confeccionado
un corpus de material lingüístico sometido a operaciones de transcripción tanto
de la versión original en español, como de la subtitulada en italiano. A lo largo de
este capítulo, ofreceremos algunas reflexiones en torno a los valores funcionales
y semánticos de este marcador del discurso y observaremos qué tendencias se
vislumbran a la hora de trasladarlo a una lengua afín como el italiano, a raíz del
proceso de subtitulación
Whose Dream? Renmin (people) as a Floating Signifier in Contemporary China
No full textLaunched in 2012 by the current president Xi Jinping, the ‘Chinese dream of the
great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation’ has become a key political concept,
used to sum up China’s goal in the 21st century. Among the various descriptions
provided in official documents and media as well as speeches and writings
by Chinese politicians, a constant and steady feature is its being a dream of
renmin, ‘the people’. Renmin is indeed a keyword in the ongoing discourse on
the Chinese dream. Yet, what still needs to be uncovered is who is the renmin
in Chinese official discourse? Who is included and who is excluded? This paper
aims at answering these questions and analyzing the meanings covered by the
signifier renmin in the political speeches by Xi Jinping as well as the political
implications brought about by the act of naming who is the renmin. Moving
from Laclau’s notion of floating signifiers (Laclau 2005; 2014), this paper argues
that the meaning of renmin cannot be seen as given once and for all. On the
contrary, the meaning of renmin is the unstable ‘result of a process of political
becoming’ (Bosteel 2016: 5). In the specific Chinese context, renmin is the site
of an ideological struggle taking place from a diachronic perspective. This is
precisely because renmin still carries the ‘taste’ – to use Bakhtin’s terminology
(Bakhtin 1981: 271–272) – of the meanings it used to cover in previous
historical contexts. In a nutshell, uncovering who is the renmin and what act
naming the renmin ‘does’ in contemporary Chinese politics contribute to shed
light on the process of construction of a Chinese collective identity in the era of
globalization. This, in turn, helps understand what the larger implications of
such a way of shaping a collective identity are for China’s domestic and foreign
policy