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Non-white Migration in Colonial Oceania 2 : Plantation Development and Indentured Labor in Samoa : Introduction
Get PDFAfter the description of non-white migration in Colonial Oceania in the 19th century in the previous part of the series, the focus of this paper is on the indentured labor of Melanesians and Chinese in the development of Samoan plantations mainly in the early 20th century. Although by the end of the 19th century most of the leading countries such as the United States and Australia had abolished indentured labor, the system still continued in the peripheries such as Samoa and Fiji. The labor problem in Samoa was that Samoans were not interested in plantation work and charged about ten times more than imported laborers. After the unsuccessful introduction of Gilbertese labor, Melanesian indentured labor was introduced, but the labor force was still insufficient. Germany annexed Western Samoa in 1900 and introduced Chinese indentured labor in 1903. New Zealand took the place of Germany in Western Samoa after WWI, passively maintaining the system until just after WWII, as there was no other choice if the plantations in Samoa were to be continued. How this unjust system was maintained in the periphery of the world is analyzed in this paper. On the other hand, because of the unjust system which rejected the formation of migrant communities, the descendants of the indentured laborers merged smoothly with the Samoan kinship system and society
A Memorandum on the Effects of learning Classical Chinese (Kanbun) through “Simple Reading” in the Latter Half of Edo Period
Get PDFSpecial Issue : How Have Digital Labor Platforms Transformed the Employment Relationship of Existing Industry? : Introduction to the Special Issue
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Special Issue : The 35th Symposium on International Labour Issues Labour of Seafarers and Distribution of Goods : Supply Chain That Support Our Daily Life : Securing Human Resources of Seafarers and Their Occupational Training : From the Viewpoint of Workers
Get PDFFading Away : Revitalising Japanese Rural Destinations through Tourism
Get PDFFaced with a dwindling number of options, the Japanese government has identified tourism as an economic and social lifeline to regional areas of Japan that are facing a creeping existential crisis. Economic stagnation and an ageing and declining population pose a serious threat to towns and villages. In many cases, ongoing municipal amalgamations have exacerbated the debilitating demographic trends: rural culture, traditional ways of life and ancient settlements are at serious risk of fading away. Yet with nearly 50% of inbound visitors limiting their stays to Tokyo, Osaka or Kyoto, is it realistic to assume that tourists will find the appeal of rural areas attractive enough? This paper considers key political, socio-cultural and economic issues behind the plight of Japan’s rural hinterland. Drawing from recent developments in tourism management and services marketing, this paper then considers the nature of the tourism experience and how rural destinations can utilise their blend of natural and cultural resources to create an appealing tourism ‘product’, which can attract and engage today’s visitors. Based on the tourism-related activities of the town of Wazuka, important lessons are drawn that can be applied to other rural destinations
Practical Approach of the Electronic Structure Calculation using the Imaginary Time Evolution
Get PDFIn this paper, we propose an imaginary-time evolution method to obtain self-consistent static electronic states according to real-time TDDFT calculations. This method provides very good convergence accuracy and stability with respect to the ground state, as well as by a large number of computational steps due to obtain all states to evolve simultaneously. Also, we can get a diffusion equation from this method as same as the real-time TDDFT and can probably unify these time-evolution calculations in the same framework which is used in electronic structure calculations. In this study, we show that this method is effective in practical electronic state calculations. We will show several improvements and calculations with the computational process using the imaginary time evolution method in combination with the conventional DFT algorithm for practical use. The results of calculations of systems such as hydrogen atoms, hydrogen molecules and ethylene can show the computational efficiency and accuracy of this method, which probably improve traditional self-consistent electronic structure calculations for practical systems
REFINEMENT OF FRICTION PHASE DIAGRAM OF ATOMIC FRICTION MATHEMATICAL MODEL BY STABILITY ANALYSIS OF SUPERLUBRICITY
Get PDFStudying on the dynamics of friction phenomena at the atomic level. Friction is formulated as a problem of whether or not given kinetic energy for the translational motion dissipates into the kinetic energies for internal motions during sliding. From the study of the one-dimensional Frenkel-Kontrova model with kinetic energy terms, it is found that two different regimes appear in a parameter space specifying the model: the superlubricity and the friction regimes. Using the Floquet multiplier and make possible to quantitatively judge whether it is the superlubricity or not. Friction can occur even in regions that we had been judged the superlubricity
IMPROVEING OF THE EFFICIENCY OF WATER SUCKING DEVICE BY USING OSMOTIC PRESSURE FOR FINE PARTICLES DISPERSION SYSTEM
Get PDFIn our previous research, it was shown that the dense fine particles slurry generated a comparatively high osmotic pressure and suck water for a long time. However, the initial slurry height in the water sucking device must be limited because of increasing the pumping up head difference. Thus, in this research, we tried to develop a multi-stage water sucking device to pump up water much higher. We prepared a reservoir tank filled with separated water from the slurry after sucking deionized water and then another slurry was made to contact with the reservoir tank, simulating a two-stage water sucking device. It was found that the separated water from the slurry after sucking deionized water had a different pH and total ion concentration compared to deionized water, resulting in no sucking water. This result indicates that a slurry in which metal elution hardly occur from fine particles should be needed for developing the multi-stage water sucking device
Low temperature synthesis of Vanadium Zirconium Yellow pigment by mechanochemical processing
Get PDFYellow pigment so called as “Vanadium Zirconium yellow pigment” was synthesized by environmentally friendly mechanochemical processing. To keep the valence, 5, of vanadium in zirconium oxide, trivalent aluminum was co-doped. Yellow pigment with the high degree of chroma was synthesized by heating below 900 ℃ using mechanochemical process and aluminum co-doping