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The Relationship Between Sociodemographic and HIV Incidence in 17-65 Age Group at VCT Clinic of Padang Bulan Public Health Center Medan in 2025
No full textHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) attacks the immune system and can progress to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Addressing HIV/AIDS is crucial for achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3.3, which aims to end the epidemic by 2030. By the end of 2023, global HIV prevalence reached 5‰ with a Case Fatality Rate (CFR) of 16‰. In Indonesia, prevalence stands at 2‰, while incidence has increased from 13 per 100,000 population in 2021 to 21 per 100,000 in 2023, with a CFR of 7‰. In Medan City, HIV incidence reached 70 per 1,000 population. Puskesmas Padang Bulan is a health facility in Medan providing voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) services. This study aims to analyze the relationship between sociodemographics and HIV incidence at the VCT Clinic of Padang Bulan Health Center Medan in 2025. This study employs an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach, involving 85 samples collected using purposive sampling technique. Univariate data were analyzed descriptively and bivariate data were analyzed by chi square test with 95 percent confidence level (α=0.05). Results showed that 75.3% of respondents at the VCT Clinic of Padang Bulan Medan Health Center in 2025 were diagnosed HIV-positive. There was an association between gender (p 0.05), ethnicity (p > 0.05), occupation (p > 0.05), and regional origin (p > 0.05) has no significant association with HIV incidence. Individuals with HIV should adhere to antiretroviral treatment and adopt a healthy lifestyle to improve quality of life and prevent transmission. The community must foster awareness, promote inclusivity, and disseminate accurate HIV/AIDS information to reduce stigma.152 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Effect of Sintering Temperature on the Crystallinity of Hydroxiapatite Synthesised from Catfish (Clarias Sp.) Bones by Wet Precipitation Method
No full textHydroxyapatite (HAp) was synthesized from catfish (Clarias sp.) bone using
the wet precipitation method. The bone composition was analyzed using EDXRF and showed a calcium oxide (CaO) content of 59.42 wt%. Sintering was carried out at 800°C, 900°C, and 1000°C to investigate the effect of temperature on HAp crystallinity. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic functional groups of HAp, indicated by absorption bands at 3448 cm⁻¹ and 3570 cm⁻¹ (O–H vibration), at 1043 cm⁻¹ and 1083 cm⁻¹ (asymmetric P–O stretching), and at 565 cm⁻¹ and 603 cm⁻¹ (symmetric O–P–O bending). XRD analysis revealed diffraction peaks at 2θ = 25.94°, 31.33°, 32.70°, 34.64°, and 53.29°, corresponding to crystalline HAp phases.
Crystallinity increased with rising sintering temperature, reaching the highest value of 98.8% at 1000°C. FESEM–EDS analysis showed that HAp exhibited regular morphology, agglomeration, and coalescence. The average particle size was 0.628 µm, with a Ca/P ratio of 1.44 at 1000°C.67 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Effectiveness of Ethanol Extract of Red Watermelon Rind (Citrullus lanatus) Against the Growth of Staphylococcus aureus (In Vitro)
No full textStaphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic bacterium that causes infections and exhibits resistance to several antibiotics. Red watermelon rind is known to contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, and tannins, which have antibacterial activity. The extract was obtained using the maceration method at concentrations of 3.125%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, and 50%, with 0.2% Chlorhexidine gluconate as a positive control and Dimethyl sulfoxide as a negative control. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of red watermelon rind extract against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. The research was a laboratory experimental study with a post-test only control group design conducted in vitro. Antibacterial testing was performed using the disk diffusion method. The results were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, which revealed significant inhibition zones (p=0.000; p<0.05) across all treatment groups. It was concluded that ethanol extract of red watermelon rind effectively inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, with inhibition zones at concentrations of 1.56%: 6.16 mm, 3.125%: 9.45 mm, 6.25%: 10.63 mm, 12.5%: 15.25 mm, 25%: 16.81 mm, and 50%: 18.09 mm.94 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Quality of Service of the Food Security Office in the Affordable Food Movement (GPM) Program in Deli Serdang Regency
No full textThis research is motivated by the suboptimal quality of public service in the implementation of the Cheap Food Movement Program (GPM), particularly in Deli Serdang Regency. Although Deli Serdang Regency is one of the regions with a rice surplus in North Sumatra Province, the GPM program is still implemented to maintain food price stability and control inflation, especially ahead of National Religious Holidays (HBKN). However, in its implementation, various issues were found such as the inconsistency in rice distribution, lack of information to the public, and long waiting times for realization, which indicate weaknesses in service quality.
This study aims to analyze the quality of public services provided by the Deli Serdang Regency Food Security Office in the implementation of the GPM Program based on five service quality indicators according to Fitzsimmons, namely: reliability, tangibles, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy (Fitzsimmons in Nashuddin, 2016:132). The approach used is a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, using purposive sampling to determine informants consisting of officials from the Food Security Office, village officials, and the program's beneficiary community. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing.
The research results show that the quality of service in the implementation of GPM has not been optimal. The reliability indicator is still weak because the distribution of rice does not meet demand and the implementation time is limited. The tangibles indicator shows a lack of information facilities and socialization media. The responsiveness indicator is also not optimal because the administration and distribution processes are slow. On the other hand, the assurance and empathy indicators are rated well; the officers provide polite service, prices are communicated openly, and there is attention to the community's condition during food price surges. In conclusion, the GPM program in Deli Serdang needs improvements in the aspects of reliability, responsiveness, and public communication to achieve effective and equitable public service.175 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Acculturation of Hadrah with Traditional Malay Percussion in Maulid Arbain Activities in The City of Medan
No full textAcculturation in music is a form of intercultural encounter that gives birth to new
expressions in the practice of performing arts. Hadrah as a form of religious music
not only functions as a medium of da'wah, but also becomes a creative space that is
open to the influence of local culture. In urban societies such as Medan City, cultural
exchanges often occur through collective religious practices. Religious activities
such as Maulid Arbain are social spaces that allow the mixing of cultural elements,
including in the form of musicals. In the context of Maulid Arbain's activities in the
city of Medan, Hadrah experienced an interesting musical interaction with elements
of traditional Malay percussion. The main purpose of this study is to identify the
form of Hadrah performance in Maulid Arbain activities, analyze the Hadrah
playing technique that is acculturated with traditional Malay music, and examine the
acculturation process thoroughly. The descriptive qualitative approach is used with
data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation, and
is analyzed based on acculturation theory. The object of study was focused on the
performance of Hadrah in Maulid Arbain activities at the Darul Ibtihaj Islamic
Boarding School, Medan City. The results of the study show that there is an
acculturation process between Hadrah and traditional Malay percussion music. This
can be seen in the similarity of musical instruments such as tambourine and marwas
to Malay drums. Acculturation is also reflected in interlocking-based game
techniques that combine Hadrah rhythmic patterns with the peculiarities of Malay
rhythms. In addition, the involvement of participants from various backgrounds, such
as entrepreneurs, students, and Malay percussion music practitioners who study
Hadrah, shows that this acculturation process also forms a dynamic and inclusive
space for cultural interaction in the community.121 PagesTesis Magiste
Analysis of the Effectiveness of Wildlife Management in Conservation Areas in Batu Jongjong Village, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra
No full textConservation areas play a crucial role in preserving biodiversity;
however, increasing pressures from forest encroachment, poaching, and human–
wildlife conflicts have reduced the effectiveness of wildlife management. This
study aims to analyze the effectiveness of wildlife management in the conservation
area of Batu Jongjong Village, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra with the
objective of determining the level of effectiveness across aspects of habitat
management, law enforcement, funding, community participation, wildlife
condition, infrastructure, and inter agency coordination. A qualitative and
quantitative approach was applied through in depth interviews and
questionnaires distributed to six relevant institutions BKSDA, TNGL, KPH,
NGO, village authorities, and academics and analyzed using the Management
Effectiveness Tracking Tool (METT). The results indicate that wildlife
management falls within the effective category, with the highest score in interagency coordination (75.02%) and the lowest in funding and resources (69.46%).
These findings suggest that institutional collaboration is well established, though
improvements in financial support, facilities, and community engagement are still
required. Overall, the study highlights that the effectiveness of wildlife
management depends strongly on cross-sectoral synergy, adequate resource
allocation, and continuous commitment to achieving optimal and sustainable
conservation outcomes.67 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF EARTHQUAKE USING LEAD RUBBER BEARING TYPE BASE ISOLATOR ON THE RESPONSE OF A 5-STOREY REGULAR BUILDING STRUCTURE USING THE TIME HISTORY METHOD
No full textIndonesia is one of the countries that often experiences earthquakes where structures can fail due to the earthquake. One solution to structural failure due to earthquakes is to use base isolation. The base isolation used in this study is (LRB). The purpose of this study is to compare the response of Fixed Based buildings with buildings using Lead Rubber Bearing type Base isolators.
This study used a five-story hospital building as a study model. The analysis used in this study is nonlinear time history analysis using ground motion recordings that have been aggregated against the spectrum response in the area being reviewed. The analysis was carried out with the help of Midan Gen 2023 Software. The building parameters reviewed in this study consist of the natural structure period, base shear force, lateral structure displacement, and inter-floor displacement. This study refers to SNI 1726-2019.
The results of the study show that buildings using base isolators have a longer natural period than buildings without isolation. In addition, buildings using Lead Rubber Bearing are able to reduce the earthquake force that occurs compared to buildings without isolators. Finally, lateral structural displacement can be reduced in buildings using base isolators.77 PAGESSkripsi Sarjan
Analysis of the calculation, deposit and reporting of income tax article 23 in 2024 (Study on PT Wijaya Karya Beton Tbk Pabrik Pembuatan Beton Sumatera Utara)
No full textIn an effort to implement and improve the welfare of the community, the government requires an adequate source of funding. One of the sources of funding used to improve people’s welfare is tax. Taxes are mandatory payments from the community to the state without direct benefit. The largest tax revenue obtained by the State Budget is Income Tax. Income tax is a tax levied on taxpayers who have received income within the tax year. His study aims to analyze the calculation, deposit, and reporting of Income Tax Article 23 at PT Wijaya Karya Beton Tbk Concrete Products Factory North Sumatra in 2024 and the obstacles faced by PT Wijaya Karya Beton Tbk in the process of calculating, depositing and reporting income tax article 23. The form of research used is qualitative with a descriptive approach using data collection collected through secondary data with the object of research is PT Wijaya Karya Beton Tbk in the form of data related to the calculation, deposit and reporting of income tax article 23. The analysis method involved interviews, observation, and documentation. The results showed that the company has deducted Income Tax Article 23 in accordance with the provisions of Law Number 36 of 2008, which is 2% of the gross amount for certain types of services. All taxpayers deducted have an NPWP, so there is no rate increased to 4%. The deposit process is carried out on time, no later than the 10th of the following month, through Bank Negara Indonesia (BNI), and the reporting of Periodic Income Tax Return Article 23 is submitted before the deadline on the 20th of the following month. No obstacles were found in the implementation of the three processes.94 PagesKertas Karya Diplom
The Relationship Between The Living Environment and The Incidence of Malaria in People Aged 15-64 Years in The Working Area of Sidodadi Health Center in Asahan District in 2025
No full textMalaria is caused by the Plasmodium parasite and transmitted through the bite of female Anopheles mosquitoes. In the world, Africa has the highest incidence (IR 22.7%; CFR 0.22%). In Indonesia, the prevalence of malaria is 0.49%, while in North Sumatra Province it is 0.38%. Asahan Regency records an incidence of 2‰, with the highest rate in West Kisaran District at 13‰. This study aims to analyze the relationship between residential environmental factors and malaria incidence. A cross-sectional design was used, with the population consisting of all residents aged 15–64 years living in the working area of Sidodadi Public Health Center, Asahan Regency. A total of 103 respondents were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and observation, and analyzed descriptively and using the chi-square test. The results showed that 72.8% of respondents had experienced malaria. Most were aged 40–64 years (67%), female (72.8%), had a low education level (87.4%), were unemployed (54.4%), and had lived in the area for >1 year (100%). There was a significant relationship between malaria incidence and the presence of a ceiling (p0.05) and the presence of animal pens (p>0.05). The community is expected to maintain their home environment by installing ceilings, repairing drains to prevent stagnant water, placing window screens, and clearing bushes around the house to reduce the risk of malaria.121 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
A Comparative Analysis of Health-Related Quality of Life in Gout Patients Treated with Allopurinol versus Febuxostat
No full textIntroduction: Gout arthritis is a chronic metabolic disorder that significantly impairs
patients' functional status and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). While most studies
focus on biochemical targets, such as serum urate levels, evidence comparing patient-
reported outcomes between standard urate-lowering therapies (ULTs) remains limited.
This study aims to compare the HRQoL of patients with gout treated with allopurinol and
Febuxostat.
Methods: An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted at
the Rheumatology Clinic of Adam Malik General Hospital. Fifty patients with chronic
gout (25 using Allopurinol and 25 using Febuxostat for at least three months) were
recruited. HRQoL was assessed using the Short Form-36 (SF-36) instrument,
encompassing the Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component
Summary (MCS). Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test.
Results: The Febuxostat group exhibited significantly higher physical quality of life, with
a median PCS score of 71.90 (48.57–92.38) compared to 62.38 (48.57–82.86) in the
Allopurinol group (p = 0.020). Conversely, no significant difference was observed in the
mental component, with median MCS scores of 71.42 and 72.85 for the Febuxostat and
Allopurinol groups, respectively (p = 0.845). The presence of comorbidities, particularly
hypercholesterolemia (64–84%) and nephropathy (32% in the Febuxostat group), was
prevalent among the subjects.
Conclusion: Patients treated with Febuxostat reported has superior physical quality of
life compared to those on Allopurinol, whereas mental well-being remained comparable
between both therapies. These findings suggest that Febuxostat may offer additional
functional benefits beyond mere urate reduction.
Keywords: Gout; Allopurinol; Febuxostat; Quality of Life; SF-3675 PagesTesis Magiste