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Description of the Techniques Used to Make and Play Aramba and Faritia by Mr. Faozisökhi Laia at the Nias Heritage Museum Workshop in Gunungsitoli City
No full textThis study aims to describe the functions, manufacturing techniques, and playing techniques of traditional Nias musical instruments, namely the Aramba and Faritia, as practiced by Mr. Faozisökhi Laia at the Nias Heritage Museum Studio in Gunungsitoli City. These two instruments hold an important position in Nias culture, both as accompaniment for traditional ceremonies and weddings, and as a means of musical communication in a social context. This research is qualitative-descriptive in nature. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and direct documentation of the process of making and playing the Aramba and Faritia. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing based on the framework of ethnomusicology theory. In this study, the author used several theories, namely Khasima Shusumu's contextual approach to music studies. The author also used Bruno Nettl's theory to analyze and transcribe the playing of the Aramba and Faritia. The author also used Curt Sach and Hornbostel's theory of musical instrument classification to classify Aramba and Faritia. Then, the theory of physical behavior was used to describe the body position when playing musical instruments. The results showed that the sounds of Aramba and Faritia were originally found in one musical instrument, namely Tutuhao. Aramba and Faritia are not only musical instruments, but also rich in cultural and symbolic values. The manufacturing process involves traditional skills with special materials, stages of burning/heating, forming the Aramba and Faritia molds, the process of mamatö the Aramba and Faritia molds, the process of forming the Aramba and Faritia hagu, and the refinement process. The technique for playing the Aramba is to hang it on a support pole, and generally the player's body position when playing the Aramba is to stand sideways and hold the Aramba mallet. The Aramba player will play the Aramba by striking the hagu (pencu) on the Aramba, while performing foot and hand movements like a dancer. Similar to Aramba, Faritia is also played in a standing position, except that Faritia is played by two people playing two Faritia instruments, one person playing Faritia with a low sound and the other playing Faritia with a slightly higher tone. Each player is responsible for playing Faritia according to their assigned tasks and predetermined playing patterns. The two players stand facing each other, making small movements such as swinging their legs alternately. Aramba and Faritia produce the following tones: Aramba is in the key of C sharp, Faritia 1 is in the key of C sharp, and Faritia 2 is in the key of E.94 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Analysis Of Financial Ratio In Assessing Financial Performance at PT Indofarma TBK Period 2020-2023
No full textFinancial ratios are an indicator to show a company's ability to achieve
the effectiveness of its activities and financial performance. This research aims to
determine and analyze the financial performance of PT Indofarma Tbk for the
2020-2023 period in terms of financial ratios. The research method used is a
quantitative research method using descriptive studies. The type of data in this
research uses secondary data from the company's published financial reports,
namely PT. Indofarma Tbk for the 2020-2023 period. Data collection techniques
in this research are through documentation and literature study. The results of
financial ratio analysis research which includes liquidity ratios, solvency ratios,
activity ratios and profitability ratios show that the financial performance of PT.
Indofarma Tbk for the 2020-2023 period is below the established financial ratio
industry standards. This means that the financial performance of PT. Indofarma
Tbk is considered less good.131 PagesKertas Karya Diplom
Determinants Of Income Inequality in BRICS Countries: a Macroeconomic Perspective
No full textIncome inequality remains a structural issue in developing economies,
including BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa). Despite
their strong economic growth, these nations continue to experience uneven income
distribution. This study examines the macroeconomic determinants of income
inequality in BRICS countries during the 1993–2022 period. The dependent
variable is income inequality measured by the Gini Index, while the independent
variables include economic growth, urbanization, inflation, and the Human
Development Index (HDI).
The study employs secondary panel data obtained from the World Bank and
UNDP. The analysis is conducted using panel data regression with the Fixed Effect
Model (FEM), selected based on the Chow, Hausman, and Lagrange Multiplier
tests.
The results show that economic growth and HDI have a significant negative
effect on income inequality, while urbanization and inflation have a significant
positive effect. Simultaneously, all independent variables significantly influence
income inequality in BRICS countries. These findings highlight the importance of
inclusive economic policies, inflation control, and equitable human development to
reduce income disparities within the BRICS economies.98 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Design of an Automatic Rainwater Drainage System on NFT Hydroponic Plants Using Microcontroller
No full textHydroponics has been widely done by the people of Indonesia. But in its application,
many factors determine the success of hydroponic vegetable cultivation, including nutrients,
planting media, oxygen and water. In addition to providing appropriate nutrition, there is
another factor that must be considered namely rainfall. When it rains, rainwater will mix with
nutrient water and this will cause nutrient water levels to decrease or disappear. So, after the rain stops, the thing to do is check the condition of the nutrient content of the water and add nutrient water to keep it by the levels needed by plants. One way that is often used to protect hydroponic plants from rainwater is to build a greenhouse. However, making a greenhouse itself requires a lot of money, the costs incurred for making greenhouse can reach millions or even tens of millions of rupian. To overcome this while saving costs, through this study, the author created an automatic rainwater disposal control system on nft hydroponic plants using a microcontroller. Where later the results of this study show that the tool will work automatically when rain comes to dispose of rainwater so that it does not mix with nutrient water in the reservoir.56 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Variation Test of Condenser Pipe Diameter on a Multiple Condenser System Pyrolyzer Using Nypa Fruit Husk Biomassa (Nypa fruticans W.)
No full textIndonesia has abundant energy resources, one of which is nypa fruit husk biomass (Nypa fruticans W.) that can be utilized as a raw material for renewable energy production. This study aimed to examine the effect of condenser pipe diameter variation on a multiple-condenser pyrolyzer system using nypa fruit husk biomass. The research was conducted using a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors, namely condenser pipe diameter (3/8 inch; 4/8 inch; and 5/8 inch) and pyrolysis temperature (300°C, 350°C, and 400°C), with three replications for each treatment. The observed parameters included effective capacity of the tool, energy consumption, yield, and economic analysis consisting of production cost of liquid smoke, Break Even Point (BEP), Net Present Value (NPV), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The results showed that the 4/8 inch condenser pipe diameter at 400°C was the most optimal treatment, producing an effective capacity of 0.68 liters/hour and a yield of 68%. The highest energy consumption was obtained at the 5/8 inch condenser pipe diameter and 400°C, amounting to 276,672.8 kJ/kg. The economic analysis indicated a liquid smoke production cost of IDR 40,485.03 per liter and a BEP of 371.62 liters/year. The NPV value reached IDR 318,206,840/year and the IRR was 44.93%, indicating that the equipment was feasible to operate and remains profitable.90 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Legal Protection for Consumers Suffering Losses caused by Unlawful Acts Commited by Wedding Organizers (Study of Decision No. 898/Pdt.G/Pn Jkt.Sel)
No full textWedding organizers are business entities that provide services to assist in organizing wedding receptions based on a service lease agreement between the prospective bride and groom and the wedding organizer. This research addresses three main issues: first, the form of unlawful acts committed by wedding organizers that cause losses to consumers; second, the forms of preventive and repressive legal protection for consumers who suffer losses due to such unlawful acts; and third, the analysis of judges’ considerations and decisions regarding consumer legal protection in cases of unlawful acts committed by wedding organizers based on Decision Number 898/PDT.G/2020/PN South Jakarta.
This study employs a normative legal research method with a descriptive nature. The approaches used include the statutory approach and the case approach. Data were collected through library research by systematically analyzing primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, with qualitative data analysis using a deductive method.
The results of the study indicate that the refusal of the wedding organizer to refund the consumer’s payment constitutes an unlawful act. This is due to the service lease agreement being null and void as a result of force majeure and the existence of standard clauses that violate consumer protection laws. As a consequence of the agreement being null and void, the legal situation must be restored to its original condition, whereby the funds received by the wedding organizer must be returned to the consumer.113 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The User Perceptions of Circulation Service Quality at the Library and Archives Office of North Sumatera Province
No full textThis research investigates users’ perceptions of circulation service quality at
the Library and Archives Office of North Sumatera Province, using three
LibQUAL dimensions: Affect of Service, which assesses librarians’
attitudes and competence; Information Control, which evaluates information
accessibility and availability; and Library as Place, which examines the
condition of facilities and the overall library environment. A descriptive
quantitative approach was applied, with data collected via questionnaires
from 100 active library members. Results revealed varying user perceptions
across the three indicators. While librarian services were generally rated
positively, shortcomings in information access and facility conditions were
noted, highlighting areas for improvement. The study recommends that
library management prioritize staff training, enhance information access
systems, and optimize library infrastructure to improve overall user
satisfaction.102 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Effects Of Curcumin On Olfactory Dysfunction And Indoxyl Sulfate In Hemodialysis Patients
No full textIntroduction:Olfactory dysfunction in chronic kidney disease patients indicates
neurological disorders in uremic conditions that increase in prevalence along
with the severity of kidney disease. Indoxyl sulfate is a uremic toxin known to
contribute to the worsening of kidney disease. Curcumin plays an important role
in preventing disease pathogenesis due to its ability as an effective scavenger for
ROS or reactive oxygen species; curcumin also promotes the growth and viability
of olfactory ensheathing cells in normal and hypoxic conditions.
Method: This study is preliminary research because there is still very rare
research on this topic, conducted on 48 patients with stage 5 chronic kidney
disease on regular hemodialysis who were divided into three groups: control
group, 500 mg curcumin, and 1000 mg curcumin. They were given curcumin
extract for 12 weeks. Plasma indoxyl sulfate levels and then their olfactory
function was checked. Bivariate and multivariate tests were conducted to
compare the results before and after treatment.
Results: There were significant differences in olfactory discrimination delta
(p=0.001) and olfactory function delta (p=0.002) in the 1000 mg curcumin group
and the 500 mg curcumin group.There were significant differences in olfactory
identification before and aftertreatment in the 1000 mg curcumin olfactory group
(p=0.006), delta identification (p=0.618), as well as significant differences in IS
levels in the 500 mg curcumin group (p=0.008) and the control group (p=0.019); delta
IS level (p=0.870). There was no significant difference in olfactory threshold in the
three study groups (p=0.636).
Conclusion: Olfactory dysfunction in chronic kidney disease patients improved
with the administration of curcumin, and no worsening of indoxyl sulfate levels
was found, indicating that curcumin can stabilize the toxin.131 PagesTesis Magiste
Framing Analysis of News Coverage on the Naturalization Process of Indonesia's Senior National Football Team Players in the 2026 World Cup Qualification Round 3 on Detik.com Online Media
No full textThis study aims to explore how the online media Detik.com frames the news coverage
related to the naturalization process of players for the Indonesian national football team
during the 2026 World Cup Qualification Round 3. The research employs a qualitative
approach using Robert N. Entman’s framing analysis model, which consists of four
elements: define problems, diagnose causes, make moral judgement, and treatment
recommendations. The researcher analyzed 26 news articles published in the detikSport
section under the Football channel during the period of September to November 2024.
The findings show that Detik.com tends to frame the issue of naturalization positively,
portraying it as part of a strategic effort to strengthen and improve the performance of
the national team. However, the media also provides space for criticism and balanced
perspectives, particularly in reporting administrative challenges and statements from
coaches and football officials. Through the repetition of key themes, selected quotations
from authoritative figures, and the use of national symbols, the media contributes to
shaping public perception of naturalization as a legitimate, professional, and hopeful
move for Indonesian football.178 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Internet of Things (IoT)-Based Remote Generator Power Monitoring and Control System
No full textA remote monitoring and control system for generator output voltage based on the
Internet of Things (IoT) has been successfully designed and implemented. This
research focuses on the development and implementation of an IoT-based system
to monitor and control generator output voltage remotely, with the aim of
enhancing operational efficiency and reliability, particularly in remote areas. The
system employs an ESP32 microcontroller integrated with a PZEM-004T sensor
for measuring electrical parameters (voltage, current, power, and energy), an
ACS712 sensor for DC current measurement, and a flowmeter for monitoring fuel
flow. The user interface is built using the Telegram application, enabling real-time
monitoring and control. The system design procedure includes the integration of
various sensors, actuators (relays and servo motor), and wireless communication
modules. Test results show that the system can accurately read data, with an error
rate of ±0.68% for the PZEM sensor and ±0.86% for the flowmeter. The system also
demonstrates a fast response to control commands such as engine and load
ON/OFF, while effectively monitoring energy consumption and fuel usage. Overall,
the system has proven to be effective, efficient, and feasible as a remote monitoring
and control solution for generators, especially in environments that require
integrated energy management and minimal manual intervention.76 PagesKertas Karya Diplom