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Penalty Kick Direction Prediction Based on Kicker’s Pose Estimation and Run Up Sequence using LSTM and 1D Convolutional Neural Network (1D CNN)
No full textPenalty kicks are decisive moments that can determine football match outcomes. For goalkeepers, the ability to read kick direction before the ball is struck provides an invaluable advantage. This research develops a penalty kick direction prediction system as a goalkeeper training tool by analyzing the kicker's body movements during the run-up phase. The system employs 3D pose estimation from 429 penalty kick videos and a hybrid 1D CNN-LSTM architecture that combines frame-level spatial pattern analysis with overall movement dynamics understanding. The development process faced significant challenges, particularly limited dataset size and inherent ambiguity in center-directed kicks. Ablation study revealed that the hybrid architecture achieved 52.33% accuracy, improving 11.63% over spatial-only models. A key finding is that temporal component is approximately 2.5 times more critical than spatial component confirming that "how the kicker moves toward the ball" is more informative than "body position at any single moment". While accuracy has not yet reached ideal levels for direct implementation, this research provides scientific and technical foundations for developing computer vision-based goalkeeper training tools, and opens future research directions through integration of additional visual information such as ball trajectory and field context.90 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Legal Implications of Changes in Foundation Structure Due to the Death of the Chairperson of the Board of Trustees (A Juridical Analysis of Supreme Court Decision No. 3295 K/Pdt/2024)
No full textThe death of the Chairperson of the Board of Trustees in a foundation gives rise to complex legal issues, particularly concerning the mechanism for filling vacancies and the validity of changes in the organizational structure. Problems arise when one remaining member of the Board of Trustees refuses to attend trustees' meetings and even declares unwillingness to be involved in the foundation's structure, yet is not prepared to resign formally. The issues examined in this study concern the authority of a sole trustee to replace or appoint additional members of the board of trustees, management, and supervisors within a foundation; the validity of a trustees' meeting attended by only one trustee in the absence of other trustees following the death of the Chairperson of the Board of Trustees; and the considerations of the judges in adjudicating disputes over changes in the structure of the Board of Trustees resulting from the death of the Chairperson, as reflected in Supreme Court Decision Number 3295 K/Pdt/2024.
This research constitutes normative juridical legal research with a descriptive- analytical character. The approaches employed include a statutory approach, a case approach through an examination of Supreme Court Decision Number 3295 K/Pdt/2024, and a conceptual approach. The data source consists of secondary data obtained through library research, which are then analyzed qualitatively using deductive reasoning.
The results of the study indicate that a sole trustee has full authority to appoint and dismiss the management and supervisors of the foundation, but faces limitations in appointing or replacing other members of the Board of Trustees, which generally requires a joint meeting mechanism involving the management and supervisors. A trustees' meeting convened by only one trustee without fulfilling the quorum requirement is deemed invalid if there are still other active members of the Board of Trustees, except in circumstances where the foundation has only a sole trustee. In Decision No. 3295 K/Pdt/2024, the Supreme Court adopted a strict formalistic approach by declaring the meeting invalid on the grounds that another trustee still formally held trustee status and had not been officially dismissed, despite the factual refusal to participate in the foundation's structure. The Supreme Court annulled all deeds concerning changes to the foundation's structure; however, the decision does not provide a comprehensive legal solution regarding settlement mechanisms, the protection of good-faith third parties, or public interests, considering that the foundation manages various educational institutions.135 PagesTesis Magiste
Density of Rats and Their Ectoparasites in Densely Populated Settlements in Mesjid Village, Medan Kota District, Medan City, North Sumatra
No full textThis study was conducted to determine the types of rats and their ectoparasites,
the relative density (trap success) of rats, the specific flea index (SFI), the prevalence,
and the intensity of ectoparasite infestation in the densely populated residential area
of Mesjid Village, Medan Kota District, Medan City, North Sumatra. The study was
conducted in August 2025 at three locations with different environmental
characteristics, namely flood-prone areas, non-flood-prone areas with accumulated
waste, and shopping areas. The method used was a cross-sectional approach by
installing traps in 10 houses per location. A total of 20 single live traps were set up,
one trap outside the house and one trap outside the house, for 4 consecutive days. The
captured rats were identified by species and ectoparasites at the Medan Community
Laboratory Center (BLKM). The results showed that the rat species caught were
Rattus novergicus, Rattus tanezumi, and Suncus murinus (Insectivora). The highest
relative density (trap success) was found in environments 2 and 3, with values of
11.25% each. Three types of ectoparasites were found on the captured rats, namely
Laelaps sp. mites, Xenopsylla cheopis fleas, and Dermacentor sp. ticks. The highest
prevalence was found in Laelaps sp. in environments 2 and 4 on R. tanezumi, each
with a value of 100%. The highest intensity was found in environment 3, as well as.
The relationship between the specific flea index (IPK) of X. cheopis and the prevalence
and intensity of X. cheopis is inversely proportional.60 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Analysis of Superior Agroindustry Products in Langsa City and The Development Strategies
No full textSuperior products in a region must be developed to increase added value and the economy of the region. The development of superior products is carried out using strategies so that the results and development process can be well organized. Business development strategies include product development that aims to increase sales by improving the quality of existing products or product development. This study aims to determine the superior agroindustrial products produced in Langsa City and to analyze the development strategy of superior agroindustrial products produced in Langsa City. The analysis methods used are the Exponential Comparison Method (MPE) and SWOT analysis. The results of the study show that the leading agro- industrial products in Langsa City are shrimp paste, sweet potato chips, banana chips, tempeh chips, rengginang, mangrove jam and mangrove syrup. The SO strategy is the most appropriate approach for the development of the rengginang agroindustry in Langsa City. This strategy emphasizes the use of forces such as ease of distribution, the presence of stores/outlets, and the use of social media to respond to external opportunities such as increased internet access, interest in local products, and government support. Wide market opportunities can be taken advantage of by expanding distribution outside the region, as well as encouraging product innovation through attractive flavor variants and packaging. In addition, the involvement of the younger generation in production and marketing can also strengthen the competitiveness of products.96 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Innovative Design and Development of a Transmission System for a Used Infusion Bottle Recycling Device as a Filament Source for 3D Printers Using The Pultrusion Method with a Compact Design
No full textThis study develops an innovative design and construction of a transmission system for a recycling device that processes used infusion bottles made of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) into a filament source for 3D printers using the pultrusion method, featuring a more compact and user-friendly design. Waste infusion bottles, classified as medical plastic waste, are produced in high volumes and pose a risk of environmental pollution if not properly managed. The reutilization of LDPE waste as a raw material for filament production represents an economical and environmentally friendly alternative solution.The device design process includes the development of a heating system, a filament pulling mechanism based on a gear transmission system, and temperature and pulling speed control using a stepper motor with an integrated control display. Testing was conducted with variations in raw material strip width (10 mm, 12 mm, and 14 mm) and forming temperature (100°C, 110°C, 120°C, and 130°C).The test results indicate that a combination of a 14 mm strip width and a temperature of 100°C produces the best filament quality, characterized by the most solid structure and minimal voids. With a raw material length of 20 cm, the device is capable of producing filament with a length of 106 cm within 40 seconds. Technical calculations show that the pulling torque reaches 563.38 Nm with a gear ratio of 1:7 and a pulling speed of 5 mm/s.Overall, the pultrusion-based recycling device has proven effective in processing LDPE waste into 3D printer filament and demonstrates strong potential for development as a solution to reduce plastic waste while providing a more sustainable raw material for 3D printing.78 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Facial Expression Recognition with ResNeXt
No full textFacial expressions are movements or positions in human facial muscles that are one way humans convey their emotional states. Facial expression recognition is one of the important fields in computer vision because automatic and accurate facial expression recognition will greatly help in improving the quality of interaction between humans and computers, especially in the fields of psychology, criminal investigation, and security. In this study, the author aims to develop a facial expression recognition model using the Convolutional Neural Network method and the ResNeXt architecture that is able to produce deeper feature representations through the cardinality mechanism. The dataset used in this study is the FER+ dataset that provides annotations with a crowdsourcing mechanism. The dataset consists of eight classes of facial emotions, namely neutral, happiness, surprise, sadness, anger, disgust, fear, and contempt. The results of the model test show an accuracy of 82% with a macro average f1-score of 68% and a weighted f1-score of 82%.81 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Analysis of the Factors Influencing Livestock Farmers’ Exchange Rates in Aceh Province
No full textThis study aims to analyze the factors affecting the exchange rate of livestock farmers in Aceh Province using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method. The variables used in this study are the components that make up the Livestock Farmers’ Exchange Rate, namely: the price index paid by farmers for household consumption expenditures, seed prices, prices of medicines and feed, rent and other expenditures, transportation costs, capital goods addition costs, agricultural labor wages, and the livestock farmers’ exchange rate for the period January 2017 to December 2024, obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (Badan Pusat Statistik). The research results show that in the long run, the variables household consumption expenditure price index, rent and other expenditures price index, seed price index, and farm labor wage index have a significant effect on the exchange rate of livestock farmers in Aceh Province. Meanwhile, the variables medicine and feed price index, transportation price index, and capital goods addition price index have no significant effect. In the short run, the household consumption expenditure price index and transportation price index significantly affect the exchange rate of livestock farmers in Aceh Province, while the seed price index, medicine and feed price index, rent and other expenditures price index, capital goods addition price index, and farm labor wage index have no significant effect.123 PagesTesis Magiste
Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis Using Sungkai Leaf Extract (Peronema canescens) And Its Antibacterial Activity
No full textBackground: Silver nanoparticles or argentum nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized using green synthesis methods have attracted widespread attention due to their various therapeutic potentials. Sungkai leaves (P. canescens) are known to contain secondary metabolites that act as natural reducing agents.
Objective: This study aims to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate the antibacterial activity of AgNPs synthesized using sungkai leaf extract (P. canescens).
Methods: Synthesis was carried out by reacting a 1 mM silver nitrate (AgNO₃) solution with sungkai leaf extract (P. canescens) at pH 9. Nanoparticle characterization was performed by analyzing absorbance peaks, functional groups, particle size, particle surface morphology, and crystal structure. Antibacterial activity was tested against S. aureus and E. coli using the disk diffusion and microdilution methods.
Results: The UV–Vis spectrum shows an absorption peak at 414.5 nm, indicating the formation of silver nanoparticles. PSA analysis shows an average particle size of 68.01±63.29 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.426, while SEM morphological analysis shows a spherical morphology and homogeneous particle distribution. XRD results confirmed a face-centered cubic crystal structure with an average crystallite size of 14,88 ± 6,05 nm. Antibacterial testing showed inhibition zones with a strong category for S. aureus and E. coli bacteria and minimum inhibitory concentrations of 0.63% for S. aureus and 1.25% for E. coli, respectively.
Conclusion: Silver nanoparticles synthesized using sungkai leaf extract (P. canescens) exhibit significant antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. This green synthesis method has the potential to be developed as an effective and environmentally friendly natural antibacterial agent.95 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Adaptation of Papuan Students in Medan, Studying at USU and Living in Dormitories
No full textPapuan students who pursue higher education in Medan close to University of
North Sumatera encounter an adaptation process to social and academic
environments that differ from their place of origin. This study aims to explain the
forms of adaptation, challenges, and strategies used by Papuan students in
adjusting to their residential environment and the campus setting of the University
of North Sumatra. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach. Data
were collected through in-depth interviews and observations involving 10 Papuan
students who are members of the Papuan Students Association of North Sumatra.
The data were analyzed through the stages of data reduction, data display, and
conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that adaptation is carried out through
participation in student organizations, adjustment of communication behavior, and
the development of broader social relations. The main challenges include cultural
differences, stereotypes, and language barriers. Adaptation strategies involve
establishing social support among fellow Papuan students, participating in campus
activities, and enhancing cross-cultural communication skills. Overall, the
adaptation process occurs gradually and is influenced by continuous social
interaction and acceptance of environmental diversity within the campus.81 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Fish Biodiversity on the Mangrove Coast of Sei Naga Lawan Village, Perbaungan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra Province
No full textThe mangrove coastal area of Sei Naga Lawan Village is one of the coastal ecosystems in Serdang Bedagai Regency that has considerable fish resource potential but is increasingly subjected to environmental pressures due to human activities and changes in water quality. This study aimed to determine fish biodiversity and analyze the relationship between physicochemical water parameters and fish community structure in the mangrove coastal waters of Sei Naga Lawan Village. The research was conducted from July to August 2025 using a field survey method at three sampling stations determined by random purposive sampling. Fish samples were collected using hand lines, fish traps, and gill nets, while water quality parameters measured included temperature, water transparency, depth, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and salinity. Data analysis consisted of relative abundance, diversity index (H’), evenness index (E), dominance index (C), and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results showed that a total of 25 fish species belonging to two classes, Actinopterygii and Chondrichthyes, were recorded during the study. The species with the highest relative abundance at all sampling stations were Johnius carouna and Johnius trachycephalus. The diversity index values at the three stations were classified as low, ranging from 1.17 to 1.32, while the evenness index ranged from low to moderate (0.43–0.48), and the dominance index was categorized as low (0.40–0.44). Water quality parameters indicated that temperature and salinity were within the tolerance range for marine biota; however, pH and dissolved oxygen levels were below the established marine water quality standards. PCA results revealed that physicochemical parameters, particularly temperature, depth, and dissolved oxygen, were associated with fish abundance and biodiversity patterns. This study provides essential baseline information to support sustainable management and conservation of fish resources in the mangrove coastal area of Sei Naga Lawan Village.76 PagesSkripsi Sarjan