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Impact of Physical Intimate Partner Violence on Postpartum Depression and Breastfeeding Duration in American Indian and Alaska Native Women
Get PDFIn Alaska, 46 to 91 percent of American Indian and Alaska Native women have experienced physical intimate partner violence (IPV), compared to all women in other states, where the prevalence ranges from seven to 51 percent (Tjaden & Thoennes, 2000). Experiencing physical IPV has negative consequences on the mother’s physical and mental well-being, and has been associated with increased vulnerability to postpartum depression (PPD). Compared to other populations, American Indian and Alaska Native women are at greater risk for PPD due to less access to resources and less research on treatments (MacDorman, 2011). Additionally, American Indian and Alaska Native women face shared historical trauma, including cultural genocides and forced relocation (Brown, 2019; Brown-Rice, 2020). This trauma is believed to play a role in the prevalence of both physical IPV and PPD in these cultures (Rosay, 2016). Protective factors against the development of PPD after IPV also exist in these cultures, including spirituality, family values, and group unity (Kenyon & Hanson, 2012). Despite protective factors, physical IPV and PPD are detrimental to the health of mothers and could impact the mother’s choices, such as choosing to breastfeed (Hamdan & Tamim, 2012). While research shows that physical IPV and PPD separately lead to a shorter duration of breastfeeding, there is no research on how these factors contribute to breastfeeding duration in the among American Indian and Alaska Native peoples. The author sought to fill this gap in the research using the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring and Surveillance (PRAMS) Alaska 2020 dataset. Results showed that women who reported physical IPV both before and during pregnancy had more PPD symptoms than women who reported no physical IPV. The results also showed no relationships between physical IPV and breastfeeding duration, and PPD symptoms and breastfeeding duration. Findings of this study shed light on the mental health consequences of physical IPV in the American Indian and Alaska Native population. Despite significant challenges in this community, there are numerous strengths, such as spiritual factors, healing traditions, wisdom, and community support (Heck, 2018; Kenyon & Hanson, 2012)
Louise Farrenc: A Woman Composer\u27s Voice Rising out of Obscurity
Get PDFLouise Farrenc (1804-1875) was a prolific composer, performer, and teacher of art music in Romantic-era France. Widely regarded during her lifetime for her incredible natural talent and hard work, her compositions fell into obscurity after her death due to general disinterest in women’s contributions to art. As Louise Farrenc started to become more recognized in the later 20th century, efforts were focused on reviving her instrumental works, but little is known about her choral and vocal pieces to this day.https://idun.augsburg.edu/zyzzogeton/1027/thumbnail.jp
Stargardt’s: Trends in Treatment Modalities
Get PDFBackground: This review is aimed at furthering understanding of Stargardt’s, including disease pathophysiology, treatment methods, and the future of vision restoration.
Purpose: Stargardt’s (STGD) was initially discovered in 1909, but it was not fully understood until 1997. It is the most common form of inherited macular degeneration. There are few resources for patients and providers regarding treatment options and lifestyle recommendations.
Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using NIH, UpToDate, and Google Scholar. Specific terms are further detailed in the review. Inclusion criteria were studies focused on STGD patients. Exclusion criteria for were those that only evaluated patients without ABCA4 gene mutations. Additionally, a confidential and anonymous survey with IRB approval was conducted to gauge patient understanding of STGD and potential areas for clinicians to improve upon. Once IRB approval was obtained, the survey was posted to a Facebook group dedicated to those with Stargardt’s. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.
Conclusions: There is no cure for STGD. Current treatments have shown efficacy in slowing disease progression but not correcting RmP deficiency. Genetic therapy is still pending trial completion in 2033. It shows promise to restore ABCA4 gene function in retinal cells. Additionally, survey data suggests that there is room for clinicians to improve in terms of patient education and recommendations for life-style changes
Accessible Dietary Interventions for the Prevention and Management of Common Menstrual Disorders: A Systematic Review
Get PDFObjective: This systematic review aims to provide healthcare providers with evidence-based dietary recommendations that can be easily implemented by patients across diverse populations to address a critical gap in the management of common menstrual disorders like premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and primary dysmenorrhea (PD).
Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted using UpToDate, American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG) Green Journal, Google Scholar, and PubMed electronic databases to identify randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effects of specific essential nutrients or diet-related behavioral or educational interventions on PMS or PD symptoms.
Results: Following the PRISMA guidelines, the identification process began with importing 1673 records to PICO Portal. Before screening, 56 records were removed. During abstract screening, 1574 records were excluded based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in 43 reports sought for full-text retrieval. In the full-text review, 18 reports were excluded. Ultimately, 24 reports were included in the final review.
Conclusions: Vitamin D, zinc, calcium, and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation were the most studied dietary interventions that had a significant effect on PMS and PD outcomes
The Effects of Health Coaching on Stress Levels in College Students
No full textAlthough a majority of mental health problems, including stress, emerge by early adulthood, few young adults can get the support they need. College students are at the forefront of this health concern due to the various stressors during this period of life. Health coaching is a holistic method used to improve health outcomes and lower costs through a supportive partnership between a coach and a client. The purpose of this scholarly project was to determine if access to a health coach could facilitate healthy habits to support students in achieving their health-related goal of decreasing stress. A thorough literature review was completed prior to the implementation of this scholarly project which included stress with college students, health coaching, self-efficacy, and the transpersonal caring relationship. Watson’s Theory of Human Caring was used as a theoretical framework to guide the project. The patient population for implementation of the project included college students in the Minneapolis/St. Paul region who were attending undergraduate or graduate school and were experiencing stress. Ten students were selected and completed the health coaching sessions. Health coaching included two 20–30 minute coaching sessions held via zoom over a three-to-four-week period. The PSS and Wellness Wheel were used as tools to measure health coaching results and guide the coaching sessions. The overall average PSS score decreased by 2.3 points before and after coaching sessions and all students gave positive feedback about the benefits of coaching. Health coaching has the potential to benefit the overall health and wellness of college students who are stressed and can be expanded to other patient populations and health conditions. Therefore, this scholarly project is significant to the future practice of advanced nurse practitioners
Intersection Between Psychopathy and Aggression in Correctional Officers
Get PDFExcessive use of force incidents within the last decade has resulted in high media coverage. One consequence of this high media coverage is the community more frequently questioning the personality characteristics of police and correctional officers. While the literature has begun to dive into the maladaptive traits of police officers and its relationship to excessive use of force, research on this topic in correctional institutions is scarce. The present study examined the relationship between psychopathy, aggression, and use of force in 27 correctional officers (COs) in Minnesota. The study collected self-report data from COs enrolled in Crisis Intervention Training. Using the theorized framework of psychopathy outlined by Widiger and Lynam (1998), it was hypothesized that there would be a significant correlation between personality traits and psychopathy, psychopathy and aggression, and psychopathy and use of force. Results showed that agreeableness was negatively correlated with overall psychopathy, but there was no relationship between conscientiousness and overall psychopathy. Neuroticism was positively correlated with secondary psychopathy specifically, but not primary psychopathy. Findings from this study also concluded there was a positive relationship between both primary and secondary psychopathy and aggression. No relationship was found between psychopathy and use of force. Overall, results suggest that it is paramount to explore these attributes in COs to further the understanding of the implications of COs’ personality on aggression and excessive use of force. Future research in this area could examine differences in psychopathic traits, aggression, and instances of excessive use of force between newly employed COs and long-term employed COs
Factors in Understanding Students Who Want to Become Psychology Professionals and Choose Not to Attend Graduate School
Get PDFDue to the worsening mental health crisis in America, there is a need for more psychology professionals. Becoming a psychology professional requires a graduate-level education. Past research has explored the college and graduate school choice process for individuals enrolled in undergraduate and graduate education programs. This research project aims to understand individuals who aspire to become psychology professionals but have decided not to apply to graduate school. Eight undergraduate psychology seniors were interviewed about the factors they considered in their decision not to pursue graduate education in psychology, their knowledge about their education options, and their preferred program factors. The interview transcript data was analyzed using Consensual Qualitative Research methodology. The results indicate that students consider societal, cultural capital, social capital, and individual factors, including finances, individualistic values, personal relationships, and mental health and burnout concerns. The participants shared their known education options, including degree-specific programs such as Psy.D. and Ph.D. programs. Their preferred program factors include affordability and programs with a specific focus. The results of this study highlight the importance of providing financial resources to graduate students, inform future researchers on possible variables for future exploration, and propose that higher education institutions supplement cultural and social capital to help mitigate mental health and burnout concerns
Caffeine Trends and Optimal Intake Systematic Review
Get PDFBackground: Caffeine is the world’s most consumed psychoactive stimulant, with many different sources. Many individuals drink caffeine for the wakefulness effect, but there are many secondary effects that might be unknown to most consumers.
Purpose: This review explores the trends in caffeine consumption, how our bodies process caffeine, the potential benefits and adverse effects of caffeine, and the health benefits associated with natural sources. It also examines the ingredients found in energy drinks, such as vitamin B complexes and taurine.
Methods: A literature review was conducted using Augsburg Lindell Library, NIH National Library of Medicine, and Google Scholar. Using the search terms caffeine, coffee, energy drink, tea, natural sources, functional drink, physiology, benefits, vitamin B, yerba mate, adverse effects, and trends. Inclusion criteria were studies that were peer-reviewed, textbooks, or were published in a reputable science journal. Exclusion criteria were individualized studies that were published before 2018. Studies that did not focus on health aspects of caffeine consumption were excluded.
Conclusions: Consumer energy drinks have unique supplementation that are beneficial for certain qualities of health, however, there seems to be more negatively associated effects with chronic use. Natural sources of caffeine tend to have more health benefits
Dermal Fillers Impact on Mental Health
No full textBackground: Minimally invasive cosmetic procedures (MICP), such as dermal fillers, have gained popularity over the past 20 years due to social media influence and their proven effectiveness and safety. These procedures offer immediate alterations to facial appearance with minimal recovery time compared to cosmetic surgery. Despite their recent rise in popularity and novelty in aesthetic medicine, much remains to be learned on the potential long-term side effects of dermal fillers, in regards to the impact on mental health. This literature review aims to explore how dermal fillers affect mental health.
Purpose: To explore how dermal fillers impact aspects of mental well-being, such as anxiety, depression, confidence, self-esteem, psychosocial well-being, and quality of life, and if dermal fillers exacerbate mental health issues, potentially increasing the risk of disorders like body dysmorphic disorder.
Methods: Conduct a literature review of studies assessing dermal fillers and mental health. Articles were selected using the Google Scholar and APA PsycInfo databases. Studies were filtered using various key terms and were required to be published in 2018 or later, available in English, focused on human subjects, and include at least ten participants. Exclusion criteria included studies solely on cosmetic surgeries, those involving underlying medical or psychological conditions, and gender-affirming treatments.
Conclusions: Dermal fillers generally have a positive effect on mental health. However, it is important to identify underlying psychological conditions to optimize mental health benefits and patient outcomes
Awareness of Nutrition\u27s Impact on Mental Health and Ketogenic Diet’s Therapeutic Potential for Mental Illness and Other Chronic Disorders
Get PDFMental health affects millions of people worldwide, and current pharmaceutical treatment approaches often lead to worse outcomes, weight gain, and increased cardiovascular risk. The ketogenic diet offers hope in the treatment of schizophrenia and other neurological and psychiatric disorders. The aim of this project is to explore public awareness of nutritional psychiatry and the ketogenic diet’s clinical utility for various conditions including schizophrenia, mood disorders, Parkinson’s, and multiple sclerosis. Study participants (n=108) completed a 12-question survey about individual nutritional habits and current knowledge of KD. Responses were obtained from medical students, practicing healthcare professionals, college undergraduate students, and members of the general public. It was found that 74.5% of participants consciously utilize nutrition to improve their wellbeing. 84.9% of participants reported negative mental wellbeing when eating unhealthy foods. Similarly, results showed that 63.2% of individuals noted improved mental health when eating healthier food options. While 85.4% of participants agree with the statement that KD has a role in weight management, there was no significant difference in the perceived role of KD in depression and psychosis. The perceived role of KD for relieving symptoms was observed for chronic seizures, Parkinson’s and MS. The findings of this study highlight the need for future research on KD’s clinical utility in chronic disease. With greater public awareness in both the medical and non-medical communities, healthcare teams can reduce the alarming rate of metabolic syndrome that is comorbid with many chronic conditions and prevent premature deaths in severe mental illness