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Search for New Phenomena With Top-Quark Pairs and Large Missing Transverse Momentum Using 140 Fb-1 of Pp Collision Data at √s=13 Tev With the Atlas Detector
No full textA search is conducted for new phenomena in events with a top quark pair and large missing transverse momentum, where the top quark pair is reconstructed in final states with one isolated electron or muon and multiple jets. The search is performed using the Large Hadron Collider proton-proton collision data sample at a centre-of-mass energy of root s = 13TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb(-1). An analysis based on neural network classifiers is optimised to search for directly produced pairs of supersymmetric partners of the top quark (stop), and to search for spin-0 mediators, produced in association with a pair of top quarks, that decay into dark-matter particles. In the stop search, the analysis is designed to target models in which the mass difference between the stop and the neutralino from the stop decay is close to the top quark mass. This new search is combined with previously published searches in final states with different lepton multiplicities. No significant excess above the Standard Model background is observed, and limits at 95% confidence level are set. Models with neutralinos with masses up to 570 GeV are excluded, while for small neutralino masses models are excluded for stop masses up to 1230 GeV. Scalar (pseudoscalar) dark matter mediator masses as large as 350 (370) GeV are excluded when the coupling strengths of the mediator to Standard Model and dark-matter particles are both set to one. At lower mediator masses, models with production cross-sections as small as 0.15 (0.16) times the nominal predictions are excluded. Results of this search are also used to set constraints on effective four-fermion contact interactions between top quarks and neutrinos
Sürekli ve Ayrık Popülasyon Modellerinde Allee Etkileri
No full textIn this thesis, the dynamical behaviour of both discrete-time and continuous-time Leslie type predator-prey system with the Allee effect is investigated. These models has two populations which are prey and predator living in the same environment and interacting with each other. In these systems the change of populations, modeled by approximation of nonlinear dynamical systems, with respect to time is governed by difference equations in discrete system and by differential equations in continuous system. First, the discrete-time prey-predator system is considered and the existence and uniqueness of the positive equilibrium point of this system is shown. The required conditions are then found for the stability of this positive equilibrium point, as well as for the observation of Flip bifurcation and Neimark-Sacker bifurcation at this equilibrium point. More specifically, these bifurcations are driven by using the center manifold theorem and the normal form theory by choosing the integral step size as a bifurcation parameter. In the following chapter, some numerical simulations are presented to support and extend the theoretical results. The other half of the thesis is devoted to the continuous-time predator-prey system, where the discrete system is obtained using the Euler method. The continuous system follows the same sequence of basic analyses as the discrete system. Initially, the local stability conditions of the positive equilibrium point of this system are determined. Next, the conditions of existence for Hopf bifurcation arising from this positive equilibrium point are investigated. This bifurcation is demonstrated through Hopf bifurcation theory and normal form theory by using the Allee constant as a bifurcation parameter. According to mathematical analysis, the Allee effect reduces prey population density since prey have difficulty finding a mate to reproduce. In addition to this, since prey populations are the primary nutritional source for predator populations, the Allee effect diminishes predator population density. On the other hand, at the lower level of population density, we have observed that a gradually increasing Allee effect causes a supercritical Hopf bifurcation, while a strong Allee effect leads to a subcritical Hopf bifurcation. To put it another way, there is a stability switch from stable to unstable and from unstable to stable as the Allee effect increases. Therefore, the system exhibits multiple Hopf bifurcations since the Allee effect can bring out both stable and unstable limit cycles. Subsequently, we focus on a sensitivity analysis to ascertain the robustness of the model to the parameter values that are correlated with the critical bifurcation parameters directly related to the Allee constant. Finally, we discuss the impact of the Allee effect on the dynamics of both prey and predator populations via numerical simulations. Moreover, the FAST approach was used to examine the sensitivity of the predator-prey system to all parameter values, and the most influential factors among input parameters on the output variable have been determined in addition to the impact of a single parameter value change on the dynamic of the system. The findings highlight the importance of the Allee effect in maintaining the intricate balance between prey and predator populations and the importance of considering complex ecological interactions in order to accurately model and understand these systems.Bu tezde, Allee etkisine sahip Leslie tipi bir ayrık av-avcı popülasyon modeli ile sürekli av-avcı popülasyon modelinin dinamik yapısı analiz edilmiştir. Analiz edilen modeller aynı çevreyi paylaşan ve birbirleriyle etkileşim içinde bulunan iki popülasyonu içermektedir. Lineer olmayan dinamik sistemler yaklaşımıyla modellenen bu popülasyonların zamana göre değişimi, ayrık sistem için fark denklemleri, sürekli sistem için adi diferensiyel denklemler ile ifade edilmiştir. İlk olarak ayrık av-avcı modeli ele alınarak modelin pozitif denge noktasının varlığı ve tekliği gösterilmiştir. Ardından bu pozitif denge noktasının kararlı olabilmesi ve bu denge noktasında Flip çatallanma ve Neimark-Sacker çatallanmanın görülebilmesi için gerekli koşullar belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra merkez manifold teoremi ve çatallanma teorisi kullanılarak bu koşulların sağlandığı teorik olarak ispatlanmıştır. Elde edilen bu analitik çalışmaları desteklemek amacıyla bazı örnek parametre değerleri ele alınmış ve bu parametre değerleri için sistemin faz portreleri ve çatallanma diyagramı elde edilmiştir. Tezin diğer yarısı ayrık sistemin Euler metodu kullanılarak elde edildiği sürekli av-avcı sistemi için ayrılmıştır. Ayrık sistemdeki temel analizler sürekli sistemde de benzer sırada takip edilmiştir. Öncelikle, sistemin denge noktasının lokal asimtotik kararlı olabilmesi için gerekli koşullar belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra, bu pozitif denge noktasında görülen Hopf çatallanmanın varlık koşulları incelenmiştir. Bu çatallanmanın varlığı ise, çatallanma parametresi olarak Allee sabiti kullanılarak Hopf çatallanma teorisi ve normal form teorisi aracılığıyla gösterilmiştir. Yapılan analizlere göre, av popülasyonu üremek için eş bulmakta zorlandığından Allee etkisi av popülasyon yoğunluğunu azaltmıştır. Ek olarak, av popülasyonu avcı popülasyonları için birincil besin kaynağı olduğundan, Allee etkisi avcı popülasyon yoğunluğunu da azaltmıştır. Öte taraftan, daha düşük popülasyon yoğunluğunda, artan Allee etkisinin süperkritik Hopf çatallanmasına, güçlü Allee etkisinin ise subkritik Hopf çatallanmasına yol açtığını gözlenmiştir. Başka bir deyişle, Allee etkisi arttıkça kararlıdan kararsıza ve kararsızdan kararlıya doğru bir kararlılık geçişi söz konusudur. Dolayısıyla, Allee etkisi hem kararlı hem de kararsız limit döngüleri ortaya çıkarabildiğinden, sistemde farklı iki Hopf çatallanma görülmüştür. Çalışmanın devamında, Allee etkisinin hem av hem de avcı popülasyon dinamikleri üzerindeki etkisi nümerik örneklerle gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca, av-avcı sisteminin bu sistemi oluşturan tüm parametre değerlerine duyarlılığını incelemek için FAST yaklaşımı kullanılmıştır. Burada tek bir parametre değerindeki değişikliğin sistem dinamiği üzerindeki etkisine ek olarak, hangi parametrenin sistem çıktısı üzerinde en etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Tez çalışması kapsamında ele aldığımız modellerin analizi, av ve avcı popülasyonları arasındaki dengenin korunmasında Allee etkisinin önemini vurgulamaktadır. Bunların yanı sıra, elde ettiğimiz sonuçlar hem sürekli hem de ayrık av-avcı sistemlerini doğru bir şekilde modellemek ve anlamak için karmaşık ekolojik etkileşimleri dikkate almanın gerekliliğini vurgulamaktadır
A Novel Stochastic Approach To Buffer Stock Problem
No full textIn this paper, the stochastic fluctuation of buffer stock level at time t is investigated. Therefore, random walk processes X(t) and Y (t) with two specific barriers have been defined to describe the stochastic fluctuation of the product level. Here X(t) equivalent to Y (t) - a and the parameter a specifies half capacity of the buffer stock warehouse. Next, the one-dimensional distribution of the process X(t) has calculated. Moreover, the ergodicity of the process X(t) has been proven and the exact formula for the characteristic function has been found. Then, the weak convergence theorem has been proven for the standardized process W(t) equivalent to X(t)/a, as a -> infinity . Additionally, exact and asymptotic expressions for the ergodic moments of the processes X(t) and Y (t) are obtained.TOBB University of Economics and TechnologyAcknowledgement. One of the authors (Aynura Poladova) would like to thank TOBB University of Economics and Technology for its financial support for her scientific studies
Smoking and Vaping among Young Adults: A Survey Experiment in Turkiye
No full text99th Annual Conference, June 29-July 3, 2024, Seattle, Washington[No Abstract Available
Observation of T(t)over-Bar Production in the Lepton Plus Jets and Dilepton Channels in P Plus Pb Collisions at √snn=8.16 Tev With the Atlas Detector
No full textThis paper reports the observation of top-quark pair production in proton-lead collisions in the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. The measurement is performed using 165 nb(-1) of p+Pb data collected at root sNN = 8.16TeV in 2016. Events are categorised in two analysis channels, consisting of either events with exactly one lepton (electron or muon) and at least four jets, or events with two opposite-charge leptons and at least two jets. In both channels at least one b-tagged jet is also required. Top-quark pair production is observed with a significance over five standard deviations in each channel. The top-quark pair production cross-section is measured to be sigma (tt) = 58.1 +/- 2.0 (stat.) (+4.8) (-4.4) (syst.) nb, with a total uncertainty of 9%. In addition, the nuclear modification factor is measured to be R(p)A = 1.090 +/- 0.039 (stat.) (+0.094) (-0.087) (syst.). The measurements are found to be in good agreement with theory predictions involving nuclear parton distribution functions.The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN, the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF/SFU (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), RAL (UK) and BNL (USA), the Tier-2 facilities worldwide and large non-WLCG resource providers. Major contributors of computing resources are listed in ref. [78].r We gratefully acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; ANID, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; Minciencias, Colombia; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS and CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF and MPG, Germany; GSRI, Greece; RGC and Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARIS and MVZI, Slovenia; DSI/NRF, South Africa; MICIU/AEI, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSTC, Taipei; TENMAK, Turkiye; STFC/UKRI, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America.Individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, CRC and DRAC, Canada; PRIMUS 21/SCI/017, CERN-CZ and FORTE, Czech Republic; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020, ICSC-NextGenerationEU and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex, Investissements d'Avenir Idex and ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and MINERVA, Israel; Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2014-2021, Norway; NCN and NAWA, Poland; La Caixa Banking Foundation, CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya and PROMETEO and GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Goran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom.r In addition, individual members wish to acknowledge support from CERN: European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN PJAS); Chile: Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (FONDECYT 1190886, FONDECYT 1210400, FONDECYT 1230812, FONDECYT 1230987); China: Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST-2023YFA1605700), National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC -12175119, NSFC 12275265, NSFC-12075060); Czech Republic: Czech Science Foundation (GACR -24-11373S), Ministry of Education Youth and Sports (FORTE CZ.02.01.01/00/22_008/0004632), PRIMUS Research Programme (PRIMUS/21/SCI/017); EU: H2020 European Research Council (ERC -101002463); European Union: European Research Council (ERC -948254, ERC 101089007), Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (MUCCA -CHIST-ERA-19-XAI-00), European Union, Future Artificial Intelligence Research (FAIR-NextGenerationEU PE00000013), Italian Center for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing (ICSC, NextGenerationEU); France: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-20-CE31-0013, ANR-21-CE31-0013, ANR-21-CE31-0022, ANR-22-EDIR-0002), Investissements d'Avenir Labex (ANR-11-LABX-0012); Germany: Baden-Wurttemberg Stiftung (BW Stiftung-Postdoc Eliteprogramme), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG -469666862, DFG -CR 312/5-2); Italy: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (ICSC, NextGenerationEU), Ministero dell'Universita e della Ricerca (PRIN -20223N7F8K -PNRR M4.C2.1.1); Japan: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS KAKENHI JP21H05085, JSPS KAKENHI JP22H01227, JSPS KAKENHI JP22H04944, JSPS KAKENHI JP22KK0227); Netherlands: Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO Veni 2020 -VI.Veni.202.179); Norway: Research Council of Norway (RCN-314472); Poland: Ministry of Science and Higher Education (IDUB AGH, POB8, D4 no 9722), Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange (PPN/PPO/2020/1/00002/U/00001), Polish National Science Centre (NCN 2021/42/E/ST2/00350, NCN OPUS nr 2022/47/B/ST2/03059, NCN UMO-2019/34/E/ST2/00393, UMO-2020/37/B/ST2/01043, UMO-2021/40/C/ST2/00187, UMO-2022/47/O/ST2/00148, UMO-2023/49/B/ST2/04085); Slovenia: Slovenian Research Agency (ARIS grant J1-3010); Spain: Generalitat Valenciana (Artemisa, FEDER, ID-IFEDER/2018/048), Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIN ; NextGenEU PCI2022-135018-2, MICIN ; FEDER PID2021-125273NB, RYC2019-028510-I, RYC2020-030254-I, RYC2021-031273-I, RYC2022-038164-I), PROMETEO and GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana (CIDEGENT/2019/023, CIDEGENT/2019/027); Sweden: Swedish Research Council (Swedish Research Council 2023-04654, VR 2018-00482, VR 2022-03845, VR 2022-04683, VR 2023-03403, VR grant 2021-03651), Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW 2018.0157, KAW 2018.0458, KAW 2019.0447, KAW 2022.0358); Switzerland: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF -PCEFP2_194658); United Kingdom: Leverhulme Trust (Leverhulme Trust RPG-2020-004), Royal Society (NIF-R1-231091); United States of America: U.S. Department of Energy (ECA DE-AC02-76SF00515), Neubauer Family Foundation.NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden); KIT/GridKA (Germany); INFN-CNAF (Italy); NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain); BNL (USA); ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW; FWF, Austria; ANAS; CNPq; FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC; CFI, Canada; NSFC, China; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF; DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS; CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; BMBF; MPG, Germany; RGC and Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF; Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT; JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; SRC; Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSTC, Taipei; STFC/UKRI, United Kingdom; DOE; NSF, United States of America; BCKDF; CANARIE; CRC; DRAC, Canada [PRIMUS 21/SCI/017]; FORTE, Czech Republic; ERC; ERDF; Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex, Investissements d'Avenir Idex; ANR, France; DFG; AvH Foundation, Germany - EU-ESF; Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF; NCN; La Caixa Banking Foundation; CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya; PROMETEO [CIDEGENT/2019/023, CIDEGENT/2019/027]; Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Goran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden; Royal Society [NIF-R1-231091]; Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; CERN: European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN PJAS); Chile: Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (FONDECYT) [1190886]; FONDECYT [1230987]; China: Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology [MOST-2023YFA1605700]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC -12175119, NSFC 12275265, NSFC-12075060]; Czech Republic: Czech Science Foundation; Ministry of Education Youth and Sports [FORTE CZ.02.01.01/00/22_008/0004632]; PRIMUS Research Programme [PRIMUS/21/SCI/017]; EU [ERC -101002463]; European Union: European Research Council [ERC -948254, ERC 101089007, MUCCA -CHIST-ERA-19-XAI-00]; European Union [FAIR-NextGenerationEU PE00000013]; France: Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-20-CE31-0013, ANR-21-CE31-0013, ANR-21-CE31-0022, ANR-22-EDIR-0002]; Investissements d'Avenir Labex; Germany: Baden-Wurttemberg Stiftung; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [DFG -469666862, CR 312/5-2]; Ministero dell'Universita e della Ricerca; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS KAKENHI) [JP21H05085, JP22H01227, JP22H04944, JP22KK0227, RCN-314472]; Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange [PPN/PPO/2020/1/00002/U/00001]; Polish National Science Centre (NCN) [2021/42/E/ST2/00350]; NCN OPUS [2022/47/B/ST2/03059, UMO-2020/37/B/ST2/01043, UMO-2021/40/C/ST2/00187, UMO-2022/47/O/ST2/00148, UMO-2023/49/B/ST2/04085]; Slovenian Research Agency [J1-3010]; Generalitat Valenciana; FEDER [ID-IFEDER/2018/048, NextGenEU PCI2022-135018-2]; MICIN FEDER [PID2021-125273NB, RYC2019-028510-I, RYC2020-030254-I, RYC2021-031273-I, RYC2022-038164-I]; Swedish Research Council (Swedish Research Council) [2023-04654, VR 2018-00482, VR 2022-03845, VR 2022-04683, VR 2023-03403, 2021-03651]; Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation [KAW 2018.0157, KAW 2018.0458, KAW 2019.0447, SNSF -PCEFP2_194658]; United Kingdom: Leverhulme Trust (Leverhulme Trust) [RPG-2020-004]; United States of America [ECA DE-AC02-76SF00515
Prognostic Significance of C-Reactive Protein/Albumin and Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratios in Patients With Covid-19
No full textIntroduction and aim. COVID-19 causes an uncontrolled and generalized inflammatory response of the host immune system. Early recognition of the disease and early prediction of the clinical course are of great importance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive role of the C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) and the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for mortality in patients hospitalized with the diagnosis of COVID-19. Material and methods. The patients, who were hospitalized for COVID-19 and whose CRP, albumin, neutrophil, and lymphocyte levels were documented within the first 24 hours after admission, were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were divided into survivors and non-survivors; the groups were compared. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were developed to evaluate the CAR and the NLR as risk factors for mortality in COVID-19 patients. Results. One hundred and thirty patients were included in this study. The mean age of the survivor group (n=114) was 60±16 and 52% were male. The mean age of the non-survivor group (n=16) was 75±13 and 56% were male. In the non-survivor group, the CAR detected at the time of admission to the hospital was significantly higher compared to patients in the survivor group (p=0.026). Conclusion. As a result, the CAR, the NLR and LDH are independent risk factor indicators of mortality in hospitalized patients. © 2024 Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow. All rights reserved
Interpretations of the Atlas Measurements of Higgs Boson Production and Decay Rates and Differential Cross-Sections in Pp Collisions at √s=13 Tev
No full textEtzion, Erez/0000-0001-6871-7794; Konstantinidis, Nikolaos/0000-0002-4140-6360; Bhamjee, Muaaz/0000-0002-2697-4589; Zaid, Estifa'A/0009-0008-3614-0562; Haley, Joseph/0000-0002-6938-7405; Stanislaus, Beojan/0000-0001-9007-7658; /0000-0001-5765-1750; Butterworth, Jonathan/0000-0002-5905-5394; Mckee, Shawn/0000-0002-4551-4502; Mlinarevic, Marin/0000-0003-3587-646X; Carratta, Giuseppe/0000-0002-8846-2714; Mohamed Farook, Mohamed Hijas/0000-0002-2082-8134; Gwilliam, Carl/0000-0002-9401-5304; Ali, Hafiz Muhammad/0000-0002-9885-5933; De La Torre Perez, Hector/0000-0002-4516-5269; Oh, Alexander/0000-0001-9025-0422; Lagouri, Theodota/0000-0001-7509-7765; Bianco, Gianluca/0000-0003-4473-7242; Mitsou, Vasiliki A./0000-0002-1533-8886; Gonnella, Francesco/0000-0003-0885-1654; Fiorini, Luca/0000-0002-5070-2735Measurements of the Higgs boson production times decay rates and differential cross-sections have recently been performed by the ATLAS experiment in several decay channels using up to 139 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data at root s = 13TeV recorded at the Large Hadron Collider. This paper presents multiple interpretations of these Higgs boson measurements. Measurements of production-mode cross-sections, simplified template crosssections and fiducial differential cross-sections in different decay channels are reparameterised in terms of the impact of Standard Model effective field theory operators, and constraints are reported on the corresponding Wilson coefficients. Production and decay rate measurements are interpreted in UV-complete extensions of the Standard Model, namely the two-Higgsdoublet model (2HDM) near the alignment limit and the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) for various MSSM benchmark scenarios. The constraints on the 2HDM parameters (cos(beta - alpha), tan beta) and the MSSM parameters ( m(A), tan beta) are complementary to those obtained from direct searches for additional Higgs bosons.The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN, the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF/SFU (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), RAL (UK) and BNL (USA), the Tier-2 facilities worldwide and large non-WLCG resource providers. Major contributors of computing resources are listed in ref. [175]. We gratefully acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; ANID, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; Minciencias, Colombia; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3CNRS and CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF and MPG, Germany; GSRI, Greece; RGC and Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MEiN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARIS and MVZI, Slovenia; DSI/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSTC, Taipei; TENMAK, Turkiye; STFC/UKRI, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. Individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, CRC and DRAC, Canada; CERN-CZ, PRIMUS 21/SCI/017 and UNCE SCI/013, Czech Republic; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020, ICSC-NextGenerationEU and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex, Investissements d'Avenir Idex and ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and MINERVA, Israel; Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2014-2021, Norway; NCN and NAWA, Poland; La Caixa Banking Foundation, CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya and PROMETEO and GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Goran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom. Individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, CRC and DRAC, Canada; CERN-CZ, PRIMUS 21/SCI/017 and UNCE SCI/013, Czech Republic; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020, ICSC-NextGenerationEU and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex, Investissements d'Avenir Idex and ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and MINERVA, Israel; Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2014-2021, Norway; NCN and NAWA, Poland; La Caixa Banking Foundation, CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya and PROMETEO and GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Goran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom. In addition, individual members wish to acknowledge support from Chile: Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (FONDECYT 1190886, FONDECYT 1210400, FONDECYT 1230812, FONDECYT 1230987); China: National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC -12175119, NSFC 12275265, NSFC-12075060); Czech Republic: PRIMUS Research Programme (PRIMUS/21/SCI/017); EU: H2020 European Research Council (ERC -101002463); European Union: European Research Council (ERC -948254), Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (MUCCA -CHIST-ERA-19-XAI-00), European Union, Future Artificial Intelligence Research (FAIR-NextGenerationEU PE00000013), Italian Center for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing (ICSC, NextGenerationEU), Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions (EU H2020 MSC IF GRANT NO 101033496); France: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-20-CE31-0013, ANR-21-CE31-0013, ANR-21-CE31-0022, ANR-22-EDIR-0002), Investissements d'Avenir Idex (ANR-11-LABX-0012), Investissements d'Avenir Labex (ANR-11-LABX-0012); Germany: Baden-Wurttemberg Stiftung (BW Stiftung-Postdoc Eliteprogramme), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG -CR 312/5-1); Italy: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (FELLINI G.A. n. 754496, ICSC, NextGenerationEU); Japan: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS KAKENHI JP21H05085, JSPS KAKENHI JP22H01227, JSPS KAKENHI JP22H04944); Netherlands: Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO Veni 2020 -VI.Veni.202.179); Norway: Research Council of Norway (RCN-314472); Poland: Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange (PPN/PPO/2020/1/00002/U/00001), Polish National Science Centre (NCN 2021/42/E/ST2/00350, NCN OPUS nr 2022/47/B/ST2/03059, NCN UMO-2019/34/E/ST2/00393, UMO-2020/37/B/ST2/01043, UMO-2021/40/C/ST2/00187); Slovenia: Slovenian Research Agency (ARIS grant J1-3010); Spain: BBVA Foundation (LEO22-1-603), Generalitat Valenciana (Artemisa, FEDER, IDIFEDER/2018/048), La Caixa Banking Foundation (LCF/BQ/PI20/11760025), Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIN ; NextGenEU PCI2022-135018-2, MICIN ; FEDER PID2021-125273NB, RYC2019-028510-I, RYC2020-030254-I, RYC2021-031273-I, RYC2022-038164-I), PROMETEO and GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana (CIDEGENT/2019/023, CIDEGENT/2019/027); Sweden: Swedish Research Council (VR 2018-00482, VR 2022-03845, VR 2022-04683, VR grant 2021-03651), Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW 2017.0100, KAW 2018.0157, KAW 2018.0458, KAW 2019.0447); Switzerland: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF -PCEFP2_194658); United Kingdom: Leverhulme Trust (Leverhulme Trust RPG-2020-004); United States of America: U.S. Department of Energy (ECA DE-AC02-76SF00515), Neubauer Family Foundation.NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden); KIT/GridKA (Germany); INFN-CNAF (Italy); NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain); BNL (USA) [175]; ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW; FWF, Austria; ANAS; CNPq; FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC; CFI, Canada; NSFC, China; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF; DNSRC, Denmark; CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; BMBF; MPG, Germany; RGC and Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF; Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT; JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MEiN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; MICINN, Spain; SRC; Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSTC, Taipei; STFC/UKRI, United Kingdom; DOE; NSF, United States of America; BCKDF; CANARIE; CRC; DRAC, Canada [PRIMUS 21/SCI/017, UNCE SCI/013]; Czech Republic; ERC; ERDF; Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex, Investissements d'Avenir Idex; ANR, France; DFG; AvH Foundation, Germany - EU-ESF; Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF; NCN; La Caixa Banking Foundation [NextGenEU PCI2022-135018-2]; CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya; PROMETEO [CIDEGENT/2019/023, CIDEGENT/2019/027]; Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Goran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden; Royal Society; Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; Chile: Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (FONDECYT) [1190886]; FONDECYT [1230987]; China: National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC -12175119, NSFC 12275265, NSFC-12075060]; Czech Republic: PRIMUS Research Programme [PRIMUS/21/SCI/017]; EU [ERC -101002463]; European Union: European Research Council [ERC -948254, MUCCA -CHIST-ERA-19-XAI-00]; European Union [FAIR-NextGenerationEU PE00000013]; Italian Center for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing (ICSC); Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions (EU) [101033496]; France: Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-20-CE31-0013, ANR-21-CE31-0013, ANR-21-CE31-0022, ANR-22-EDIR-0002]; Investissements d'Avenir Idex [ANR-11-LABX-0012]; Investissements d'Avenir Labex; Germany: Baden-Wurttemberg Stiftung; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [DFG -CR 312/5-1, 754496]; Japan: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS KAKENHI) [JP21H05085, JP22H01227, JP22H04944, RCN-314472]; Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange [PPN/PPO/2020/1/00002/U/00001]; Polish National Science Centre (NCN) [2021/42/E/ST2/00350]; NCN OPUS [2022/47/B/ST2/03059, UMO-2020/37/B/ST2/01043, UMO-2021/40/C/ST2/00187]; Slovenian Research Agency [J1-3010]; BBVA Foundation [LEO22-1-603]; Generalitat Valenciana; FEDER; MICIN FEDER [PID2021-125273NB, RYC2019-028510-I, RYC2020-030254-I, RYC2021-031273-I, RYC2022-038164-I]; Swedish Research Council [VR 2018-00482, VR 2022-03845, VR 2022-04683, 2021-03651]; Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation [KAW 2017.0100, KAW 2018.0157, KAW 2018.0458, SNSF -PCEFP2_194658]; United Kingdom: Leverhulme Trust (Leverhulme Trust) [RPG-2020-004]; United States of America [ECA DE-AC02-76SF00515]; Neubauer Family Foundatio
Combination of Searches for Pair-Produced Leptoquarks at S=13 Tev With the Atlas Detector
No full textA statistical combination of various searches for pair-produced leptoquarks is presented, using the full LHC Run 2 (2015–2018) data set of 139 fb−1 collected with the ATLAS detector from proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of s=13 TeV. All possible decays of the leptoquarks into quarks of the third generation and charged or neutral leptons of any generation are investigated. Since no significant deviations from the Standard Model expectation are observed in any of the individual analyses, combined exclusion limits are set on the production cross-sections for scalar and vector leptoquarks. The resulting lower bounds on leptoquark masses exceed those from the individual analyses by up to 100 GeV, depending on the signal hypothesis. © 2024 The Author(s)Australian Research Council, ARC; Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique, CNRST; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, FCT; Cooperative Research Centres, Australian Government Department of Industry, CRCs; National Science Foundation, NSF; Science and Technology Facilities Council, STFC; H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, MSCA; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, NWO; Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, MOST; Israel Science Foundation, ISF; Leverhulme Trust; Baden-Württemberg Stiftung, BWS; Neubauer Family Foundation, NFF; Staatssekretariat für Bildung, Forschung und Innovation, SBFI; Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS, ARRS; Generalitat de Catalunya; Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, INFN; Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Wirtschaft, BMWFW; Austrian Science Fund, FWF; Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, ANID; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, BMBF; Canada Foundation for Innovation, CFI; Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft, HGF; Danmarks Grundforskningsfond, DNRF; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPq; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, KIT; Canarie; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, H2020; Göran Gustafssons Stiftelser; European Commission, EC; Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog Razvoja, MPNTR; U.S. Department of Energy, USDOE; European Cooperation in Science and Technology, COST; International Council of Shopping Centers, ICSC; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, FAPESP; Institutul de Fizică Atomică, IFA; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, NSERC; Nella and Leon Benoziyo Center for Neurological Diseases, Weizmann Institute of Science; Irish Rugby Football Union, IRFU; Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Defence Science Institute, DSI; Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, ANPCyT; Royal Society; Minerva Foundation; National Research Foundation, NRF; Royal Society of South Australia, RSSA; Generalitat Valenciana, GVA; CERN; Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy, MŠMT; National Research Council Canada, NRC; Brookhaven National Laboratory, BNL; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung, AvH; Multiple Sclerosis Scientific Research Foundation, MSSRF; Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, CFI; British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund, BCKDF; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, MEXT; CIDEGENT/2019/027, CIDEGENT/2019/023; Center for Advancing Research Impact in Society, ARIS: J1-3010; Center for Advancing Research Impact in Society, ARIS; Norges Forskningsråd: RCN-314472; Norges Forskningsråd; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, JSPS: JP21H05085, 22KK0227, JP22H04944, 22H01227; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, JSPS; Narodowa Agencja Wymiany Akademickiej, NAWA: PPN/PPO/2020/1/00002/U/00001; Narodowa Agencja Wymiany Akademickiej, NAWA; European Regional Development Fund, ERDF: LCF/BQ/PI20/11760025, IDIFEDER/2018/048; European Regional Development Fund, ERDF; Narodowe Centrum Nauki, NCN: 2021/42/E/ST2/00350, UMO-2019/34/E/ST2/00393, UMO-2021/40/C/ST2/00187, UMO-2022/47/O/ST2/00148, UMO-2020/37/B/ST2/01043, 2022/47/B/ST2/03059; Narodowe Centrum Nauki, NCN; CC-IN2P3; National Natural Science Foundation of China, NSFC: NSFC 12275265, 12175119; National Natural Science Foundation of China, NSFC; Vetenskapsrådet, VR: VR 2022-03845, VR 2022-04683, VR 2018-00482; Vetenskapsrådet, VR; LCF/BQ/PI20/11760025; CHIST-ERA-19-XAI-00; European Research Council, ERC: 101089007, 948254; European Research Council, ERC; Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, FONDECYT: 1230987, 1210400, 1190886; Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, FONDECYT; 2014-2021; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, MCIN: RYC2019-028510-I, RYC2020-030254-I; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, MCIN; Fundación BBVA, FBBVA: LEO22-1-603; Fundación BBVA, FBBVA; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, SNF: RPG-2020-004, PCEFP2_194658; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, SNF; ANR-11-LABX-0012; 21/SCI/017; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG: DFG - 469666862, DFG - CR 312/5-1; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG; SCI/013; Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR: ANR-20-CE31-0013, ANR-21-CE31-0013, ANR-21-CE31-0022; Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR; IN2P3-CNRS; Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse: KAW 2017.0100, KAW 2018.0157, KAW 2018.0458, KAW 2019.0447; Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftels
The Effect of Exercise Intensity on Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury and Myokine Profile in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
No full textDiabetes is a metabolic disorder characterised by hyperglycaemia. The diabetic heart becomes more susceptible to ischemic injury. Although exercise induces a cardioprotective phenotype, the determination of accurate protocol is crucial. We compared two different exercise intensities in the diabetes model and evaluated the role of myokines in exercise-induced cardioprotection. Male, adult, Wistar albino rats were used (n = 20 each). First, animals were divided into two groups: Non-Diabetic (ND), Diabetic (DM); then groups were further divided into subgroups: Sedentary (S), Training-1 (T1 = 10 m/min, 0 inclination), and Training-2 (T2 = 20 m/min, 10 inclination). Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (60 mg/kg; i.p.). Animals exercised on a treadmill 5 days/a week for 6 weeks. Then, hearts were attached to the Langendorff apparatus and baseline functional parameters were measured. After 30'/120'I/R protocol, infarct size was evaluated with tetrazolium chloride staining. Interleukin-6, FNDC5, and myonectin levels were measured both in the soleus and the left ventricle. We observed cardiac hypertrophy and impaired baseline LV function in diabetes. Infarct size was significantly larger in diabetics and only T1 decreased the infarct size whereas T2 further aggravated it. Moreover, post-ischemic recovery was worst in diabetic-T2 group. Irisin and myonectin levels were decreased in the soleus muscle of diabetic animals. T1 increased the myonectin levels in the left ventricle of non-diabetics, and this effect was blunted in diabetic-T1 animals. As a conclusion, light-intensity exercise is a better approach to prevent ischemic damage in diabetes besides moderate intensity may be hazardous in diabetic population. © 2024 F. Akat et al.Ankara University Scientific Research Projects; AU BAP, (15A023006, 21H0230004
Bir Eğitim Uçağı Kanadının Çok Disiplinli Tasarım Eniyilemesi
No full textGünümüz dünyasında,simülasyon teknolojisi oldukça gelişmiş olup aynı zamanda yük- sek güvenilirlik sağlayan, ancak fazla zaman alan bir teknolojidir. Vekil model tabanlı optimizasyon (ing.surrogate-basedoptimization),bir optimizasyon süreci için vekil mo- del (ing.meta-model) geliştirir. Etkin sonuçlar veren bu metamodeller yardımıyla çeşitli optimizasyon yöntemleri zamanla geliştirilmiştir. Birvekil model benzetimlerin mate- matiksel modelinin oluşturulmasını sağlamaktadır. Bu sayede sayısal bir analiz biçimi olarak metamodeller, matematiksel bir denkleme ihtiyaç olmaksızın mühendislik sis- temlerini optimize etmenin pratik bir yolu olmuşlardır. Bu tez çalışmasında temel mo- tivasyon, parametrelendirilmiş kanat geometrisinin analiz çıktılarını, vekil model yardı- mıyla geliştirilen algoritmaya entegre ederek çok disiplinli bir optimizasyon metoduge- liştirmektir. Bu çalışmada başlangıç tasarımı aşamasında olan kanat modelinin, aerodi- namik performansını yükseltme koşuluyla, frekans kısıtlamalarını dikkate alırken kütle minimizasyonuna odaklanarak sonlu elemanlar modeli ile uyumlu sonuçlar elde edil- miştir. Veri toplama metodu olarak adaptif veri toplama yöntemi olan iç dolgulu nu- mune kriteri kullanılmıştır. Kesin olarak en iyi adaylar olmasa da, klasik optimizasyon metodlarından olan sıralı karesel programlama metodu ile kıyaslandığında umut verici sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, optimizasyon yönteminin efektifliği, geleneksel veri toplama yöntemini kullanarak sırasıyla yapılan; sıralı karesel programlama ile vekil model tabanlı optimizasyon sonuçlarının karşılaştırılmasıyla gösterilmiştir. Bu karşılaş- tırma, çok sayıda değişkene sahip modeller için adaptif veri toplama yönteminin daha uygun olduğunu ortaya koymuş kanat geometrisi oluşturulmuştur. Eniyilenmiş tasarı- mın kütlesinde %14,2 düşüş meydana geldiği görülmüştür. Optimum kanat tasarımı adı altında aerodinamik ve yapısal açıdan analizlere tabi tutularak elde edilen sonuçlarla, başlangıç tasarımına ait aerodinamik ve yapısal analiz sonuçları kıyaslanmıştır. Aero- dinamik açıdan performans kriterlerinin yüksek, güvenilir, hafif bir yapısal elde edildiği görülmüştür.In the contemporary era, the reliability of simulation technology is high, but often time consuming. This poses a challenge in studies with limited schedule, where long simulation durations become a serious issue. Surrogate-based optimization (SBO) enhances a meta-model within an optimization framework, estimating objective and constraint functions by strategically placing various design experiment points. Over the past two decades, optimization techniques have evolved to reach optimal results. For achieving the most effective solutions, the meta-model is refined with a sufficient number of design experiment samples. A surrogate model improves to derive a mathematical representation of simulations. As an analytical tool, the meta-model serves as an effective means for optimizing structural components. SBO offers a potential approach to optimi zing a range of simulation data, simulations in engineering. This study expands a CFD setup into a 3D wing model, incorporating a realistic structural model. Aerodynamic design parameters are identified through literature review. Following the CFD analysis, the pressure distribution of the defined a wing is integrated into the structural finite element model, with initial results being assessed. The study then successfully validates the op timization algorithm using a speed reducer test case. It is applied surrogate-based model in tandem with a parameterized geometry, focusing on mass optimization while adhering to frequency and lift to drag ratio, and lift force constraints. The effectiveness of this optimization method is further corroborated by comparing it with one of established optimization technique