TOBB ETU GCRIS Database
Not a member yet
9778 research outputs found
Sort by
The Role of Vibration-Induced Settling on the Normal and Tangential Forces within a Jointed Structure
No full textWhen testing the vibrations of jointed structures, it is common practice to perform repeated runs until the behavior stabilizes and only report the final results. The purpose of the present work is to understand the transient settling phase and to establish a correlation between residual traction (static tangential force) at the interface, preload values, and the vibration response of the jointed structure. An L-beam coupled with a cross-beam is considered, which was originally designed to study the effect of residual tractions on bolted joints, as non-unique residual tractions significantly affect the vibration response of friction-damped structures. The contact interfaces are deliberately positioned orthogonal to each other to achieve tangential-normal coupling. A side load mechanism is added to change tangential forces to reach different static equilibria in the system. It is observed that the static equilibrium varies significantly during the first few vibration tests following the assembly and is marginally affected by the designed mechanism. The settling phase is experimentally analyzed with regard to tangential friction forces, bolt preload values and amplitude-dependent modal parameters. The initial normal and tangential contact forces, observed immediately after assembly, are affected by the misalignment induced by manufacturing and wear. Subsequently, well-repeatable behavior is observed in terms of the amplitude-dependent frequency and damping ratio of the fundamental mode. The results of this research provide novel insights into the physics of how interfaces settle. Recommendations for avoiding bolt loosening are made based on the observations of this research.This work presents results of the Tribomechadynamics Research Camp (TRC) 2023. M. Krack is grateful for the funding received by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) [Project 450056469]. The support from National Science Foundation grant No: 1847130 is appreciated by A. Bhattu. Johann Gross acknowledges the financial support of the Baden-Wurttemberg Stiftung for this research project under the Eliteprogramme for Postdocs.Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) [450056469]; National Science Foundation [1847130]; Baden-Wurttemberg Stiftun
Ethical Implications of Artificial Intelligence in Vaccine Equity: Protocol for Exploring Vaccine Distribution Planning and Scheduling in Pandemics in Low-And Middle-Income Countries
No full textBackground: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted significant disparities in vaccine distribution, particularly in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a potential tool to optimize vaccine distribution planning and scheduling. However, its ethical implications, including equity, transparency, bias, and accessibility, remain underexplored. Ensuring ethical AI implementation in vaccine distribution is crucial to addressing health equity challenges worldwide. Objective: This study aims to assess the ethical implications of AI-assisted vaccine distribution planning and scheduling in LMICs during pandemics. It seeks to evaluate AI's role in ensuring equitable vaccine access, analyze ethical concerns associated with its deployment, and propose an ethical framework to guide AI-based vaccine distribution strategies. Methods: Our multiphase qualitative research approach will combine a systematic scoping review, a witness seminar with key stakeholders (health care professionals, AI developers, policymakers, and bioethicists), and a meta-synthesis of findings. The scoping review will follow PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines, focusing on studies from 2019 to 2023. The witness seminar will provide firsthand insights into AI's ethical impact on vaccine equity. Thematic content analysis and qualitative coding will be used for data interpretation, with findings integrated into a policy-driven ethical framework. Results: This study received institutional ethical approval in October 2023. Recruitment commenced in mid-August 2024 through email requests to prospective participants, and recruitment for the witness seminar (focus group discussion) is still ongoing, with 7 expert participants confirmed. Data collection is projected to conclude by August 2025. Preliminary literature analysis from the scoping review is ongoing, and qualitative data analysis from the witness seminar is scheduled for September 2025. The final results and proposed ethical framework are expected to be published in early 2026. Conclusions:By examining the ethical implications of AI in vaccine distribution, this research will provide actionable recommendations for policymakers, health care organizations, and AI developers. The findings will contribute to the discourse on responsible AI deployment in health care worldwide, ensuring transparency, fairness, and inclusivity in pandemic response strategies
A Collusion-Resistant Deco-Based Attestation Protocol for Practical Applications
No full textIEEE; IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC) Society; LOGOS Research and Innovation (RI)Accessing off-chain web data is crucial for expanding blockchain functionality and enabling a broader range of decentralized applications. Oracle protocols with designated verifiers such as DECO, enable this access while preserving data integrity, but they are open to collusion attacks for direct smart contract interactions, particularly when a single verifier is responsible for proof validation. A recent proposal introduced verifier multiplexing, transitioning from a single verifier to a t-out-of-n model using Distributed Verifiable Random Functions (DVRFs) to minimize the risk of collusion. However, this approach relies on trusted storage, limiting its practicality. In this paper, we enhance this approach by integrating Threshold Signature Schemes (TSS), enabling consensus among t-out-of-n verifiers to establish a practical protocol preserving the security against the collusion attack. Furthermore, we demonstrate the seamless integration of DVRF and TSS through a single Distributed Key Generation (DKG) process, improving network efficiency. This proposed protocol not only strengthens the security of blockchain oracles but also serves as an independent, modular solution that can be integrated into various integrity-preserving mechanisms to mitigate collusion threats effectively. Finally, we present a usecase example demonstrating how the proposed protocol can be applied to develop a real-world application. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Differential Cross-Section Measurements of D± and Ds± Meson Production in Proton-Proton Collisions at S = 13 TeV With the ATLAS Detector
No full textThe production of D± and Ds± charmed mesons is measured using the D±/Ds±→ ϕ(μμ)π± decay channel with 137 fb−1 of s = 13 TeV proton-proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider during the years 2016–2018. The charmed mesons are reconstructed in the range of transverse momentum 12 pinf>T/inf> 100 GeV and pseudorapidity |η| 2.5. The differential cross-sections are measured as a function of transverse momentum and pseudorapidity, respectively, and compared with next-to-leading- order QCD predictions. The predictions are found to be consistent with the measurements in the visible kinematic region within the large theoretical uncertainties. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Impact of External Dacryocystorhinostomy on Corneal Aberrations and Optical Quality in Primary Acquired Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction
No full textPurposeTo assess the impact of external dacryocystorhinostomy (EXT-DCR) on optical quality in patients with primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) by evaluating changes in corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) and key optical quality parameters, including modulation transfer function (MTF) and point spread function (PSF).MethodsThis retrospective study included 26 eyes of 26 patients who underwent unilateral EXT-DCR for PANDO. Preoperative and 6-month postoperative assessments included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE), and epiphora severity (Munk score, fluorescein dye disappearance test [FDDT]). HOAs, MTF, and PSF were analyzed at 3 mm and 6 mm pupil diameters using Sirius corneal topography. Paired t-tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and Spearman correlation analyses were used.ResultsPostoperatively, HOA significantly decreased at 3 mm (0.183 +/- 0.160 - 0.128 +/- 0.058 mu m, p = 0.020) and 6 mm (0.744 +/- 0.350 - 0.641 +/- 0.271 mu m, p = 0.039). Spherical aberration at 6 mm also significantly decreased (- 0.237 +/- 0.203 - - 0.194 +/- 0.247 mu m, p = 0.032). MTF and PSF values showed no significant postoperative changes (p > 0.05). Correlation analysis of Delta values (preoperative-postoperative changes) revealed significant associations between reductions in Munk/FDDT scores and improvements in HOA and spherical aberrations (p 0.05).ConclusionEXT-DCR may significantly improve optical quality by reducing HOAs and spherical aberrations. The correlation between epiphora resolution and optical quality suggests that stabilizing the tear film plays a key role in reducing optical distortions. While MTF and PSF values did not show significant changes, further studies with larger cohorts and advanced imaging techniques are warranted to explore the broader impact of lacrimal surgery on visual function and contrast sensitivity parameters
Impact of Experiencing the Destructive 6 February 2023 Earthquakes in Türkiye on Household Preparedness and Its Determinants: A Quasi-Experimental Study in Istanbul
No full textDogulu, Canay/0000-0002-5906-3706This study investigates how the February 6, 2023, earthquakes affected household preparedness and its psychosocial factors in I(center dot)stanbul while also identifying factors that influence taking further precautions afterwards. Utilising a quasi-experimental design, the dataset includes pre- and postearthquake measurements across various socioeconomic backgrounds and earthquake risk zones. A 2 x 2 Mixed Design ANOVA was performed to determine the effect of time (before/after the February 6, 2023 earthquakes) on preparedness and psychosocial factors related to preparedness, considering differences in the perceived impact of the earthquakes (Affected and Not Affected). To further explore the impact of the earthquakes on preparedness and to identify which group of factors had the greatest influence on this impact, regression analyses were conducted. A significant main effect of time (before/after the February 6, 2023, earthquakes) was found on overall preparedness and its components, except for psychological preparedness. Furthermore, the main effect of time on nearly all psychosocial factors was significant, except for community participation and trust. The interaction effect of time and the perceived impact of the disaster on earthquake preparedness was found to be statistically significant in relation to several aspects of earthquake preparedness. Taking additional precautions in the aftermath of the disaster was most strongly associated with residing in high-risk areas and having better socioeconomic conditions. Women were more likely to take additional precautions. Action coping was the only psychosocial factor associated with additional precautions. These findings highlight a critical opportunity to enhance community resilience and household preparedness following disasters.This project was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUEBITAK) under Project No. 121K636.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) [121K636
An Investigation of Otosclerotic Foci in Stapes Superstructure and Evaluation of Results Using Audiometric Data
No full textAkincioglu, Egemen/0000-0003-1973-1279; Akin Ocal, F Ceyda/0000-0001-7212-2208Objectives To investigate the stapes superstructure removed during surgical procedure under a light microscope, see whether the stapes superstructure was directly or indirectly affected by otosclerosis, and evaluate the results using the audiometric data.Methods Histologic section of the stapes superstructures of 30 patients operated for otosclerosis were retrospectively analysed.Results There were no obvious active/inactive otosclerotic foci in the investigated stapes superstructures. Nevertheless, stapes superstructures had certain histopathologic findings that were not normally expected. Patients with otosclerotic alterations (Group 1) and without otosclerotic alterations (Group 2) were compared by pre-operative and post-operative air conduction, bone conduction, and air-bone gap.Conclusion The stapes superstructure contained degenerative findings similar to osteoarthritis of long bones and histopathologic changes that might be considered significant in terms of otosclerosis. Nevertheless, these changes did not significantly affect pre-operative and post-operative pure tone audiometry data. This is the first study known to us that investigated the stapes superstructure from the otosclerosis perspective, and the cases were assessed in combination with audiometric data
Licensing in a Differentiated Product Duopoly With Price and Quantity Contracts
No full textIn this paper, we extend the differentiated product duopoly model of Singh and Vives (1984) to a setting where the firms are asymmetric in terms of their marginal costs, and the more efficient firm has the option to license its technology to its rival before they engage in price competition, quantity competition, or mixed competition. Our numerical computations reveal that the unique subgame perfect Nash equilibrium of the duopolistic competition game with licensing involves price competition when the products are complements. However, when the products are substitutes, either price or quantity competition can emerge in an equilibrium, depending on the level of cost asymmetry and the degree of substitution. Furthermore, when the products are complements, consumers and the firms benefit from licensing. In contrast, when the products are substitutes, licensing can benefit both consumers and the firms only if the degree of substitution and cost asymmetry are sufficiently low. Our results complement the earlier findings in Niu (2008), where the timing of licensing and contract decisions differs from ours
Altered NRF2 Signalling in Systemic Redox Imbalance: Insights From Non-Communicable Diseases
No full textThe balanced activity of the cytoprotective transcription factor NRF2 is central for maintaining redox, metabolicenergetics, and proteome homeostasis, as well as for regulating inflammatory responses, among other functions. Activated NRF2 regulates the expression of hundreds of genes containing antioxidant response elements (AREs) or electrophile response elements (EpRE) in their regulatory regions, often promoting cytoprotection under stress conditions and contributing to defence against various pathologies and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The products of increased NRF2 activity, detected systemically, may originate from either the white blood cells, the cells of the vasculature or tissue-derived products that could be secreted into biological fluids. Therefore, assessing basal and inducible NRF2 activity in blood or other biofluids is crucial for inferring NRF2 responses in local and often inaccessible tissues. In previous work, we identified a panel of six biomarkers - Glutamatecysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), Glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLM), Haem oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1), Sulfiredoxin 1 (SRXN1), and Thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1) - as indicators of NRF2 activity. In the current study, we assess their utility in a clinical setting to measure NRF2 activation in a disease context. Here we discuss findings on how NRF2 activity in accessible human samples can reveal its involvement in various NCDs and its connection to clinical aspects such as diagnosis, disease progression and response to therapy.COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) [ZI28TVQ2F1]This article is based upon work from COST Action CA20121-Bench to bedside transition for pharmacological regulation of NRF2 in non-communicable diseases (BenBedPhar) benbedphar.org, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology, www.cost.eu). Fig. 1 was created in https://BioRender.com. Fig. 4 was created in EM>STRONG> /STRONG>/EM>BioRender under agreement number: PL28CWK3PN (Jakubowska, M. (2025) https://BioRender.com/iez2dgy), and Fig. 7 under agreement number: ZI28TVQ2F1 (Jakubowska, M. (2025) https://BioRender.co m/a4kbrtz)
Search for Cascade Decays of Charged Sleptons and Sneutrinos in Final States with Three Leptons and Missing Transverse Momentum in Pp Collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector
No full textDi Luca, Andrea/0000-0002-9074-2133; Rompotis, Nikolaos/0000-0003-2577-1875; Grinstein, Sebastian/0000-0002-6460-8694; Winter, Benedict Tobias/0000-0001-9606-7688; Su, Dong/0000-0001-6980-0215; Gaudio, Gabriella/0000-0002-6833-0933; Tishelman-Charny, Abraham/0000-0002-7332-5098; Butterworth, Jonathan/0000-0002-5905-5394; Bhatta, Somadutta/0000-0002-9045-3278; Sampsonidou, Despoina/0000-0003-0384-7672; Mclean, Christine/0000-0002-7450-4805; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Sahinsoy, Merve/0000-0002-7400-7286; Camplani, Alessandra/0000-0002-6386-9788; Elsing, Markus/0000-0002-1213-0545; Vecchio, Valentina/0000-0002-1351-6757; Vincter, Manuella/0000-0002-5338-8972; Dong, Qichen/0000-0002-0117-7831; Pettee, Mariel/0000-0001-9208-3218; Azuelos, Georges/0000-0003-4241-022X; Bella, Gideon/0000-0002-4009-0990; Mete, Alaettin Serhan/0000-0002-5508-530X; Merlassino, Claudia/0000-0002-5445-5938; Pleier, Marc-Andre/0000-0002-9461-3494; Morii, Masahiro/0000-0001-9324-057X; Islam, Wasikul/0000-0002-5624-5934; Beck, Hans Peter/0000-0001-7212-1096; Martoiu, Sorin/0000-0002-4963-9441; De La Torre Perez, Hector/0000-0002-4516-5269; Stark, Giordon/0000-0001-6616-3433; Novak, Tadej/0000-0002-3053-0913; Berta, Peter/0000-0003-0780-0345; Meloni, Federico/0000-0001-7075-2214; Fox, Harald/0000-0003-3089-6090; Kretzschmar, Jan/0000-0002-8515-1355; Klein, Lucas/0000-0002-0145-4747; Munoz Sanchez, Francisca/0000-0002-6374-458X; Alimonti, Gianluca/0000-0002-7128-9046; Martinez-Agullo, Pablo/0000-0001-8925-9518; Mlinarevic, Marin/0000-0003-3587-646X; Bouhova-Thacker, Evelina/0000-0002-5103-1558; Gwilliam, Carl/0000-0002-9401-5304; Doglioni, Caterina/0000-0002-1509-0390; Kirk, Julie/0000-0001-8096-7577; Sciandra, Andrea/0000-0001-7163-501X; Bahmani, Marzieh/0000-0003-4173-0926; Hoppesch, Matthew/0000-0002-7773-3654; Beau, Tristan/0000-0002-2022-2140; Mitsou, Vasiliki A./0000-0002-1533-8886; Kontaxakis, Pantelis/0000-0002-4860-5979; Stanislaus, Beojan/0000-0001-9007-7658; Schmitt, Stefan/0000-0001-8387-1853; Terzo, Stefano/0000-0003-3388-3906; Cunha Sargedas Sousa, Mario Jose/0000-0001-7991-593X; Citron, Zvi/0000-0003-1831-6452; Quinn, Ryan/0000-0002-0879-6045; Kowalewski, Robert/0000-0002-7314-0990; Konstantinidis, Nikolaos/0000-0002-4140-6360; Mondal, Santu/0000-0002-6965-7380; Worm, Steven/0000-0002-3865-4996; Held, Alexander/0000-0002-8924-5885; Aboulhorma, Asmaa/0000-0002-9987-2292; Koch, Simon Florian/0000-0002-2676-2842; Lacasta, Carlos/0000-0002-2623-6252; Cheong, Sanha/0000-0002-2797-6383; D'Uffizi, Matteo/0000-0003-2499-1649; Lloyd, Stephen/0000-0002-5073-2264; Kumar, Mukesh/0000-0003-3681-1588; Haley, Joseph/0000-0002-6938-7405; Bruschi, Marco/0000-0002-4319-4023; Carmignani, Joseph (Joe)/0000-0002-1705-1061; Schultz-Coulon, Hans-Christian/0000-0002-0860-7240; Mckee, Shawn/0000-0002-4551-4502; Mcpherson, Robert/0000-0001-9211-7019; Moser, Brian/0000-0001-6750-5060; Kaji, Toshiaki/0000-0002-6532-7501; Price, Darren/0000-0003-2750-9977; Calafiura, Paolo/0000-0002-1692-1678; Vigl, Matthias/0000-0003-2281-3822; Cristoforetti, Marco/0000-0002-0127-1342; Hance, Michael/0000-0001-8392-0934; Rousseau, David/0000-0001-7613-8063; Keeler, Richard/0000-0002-0510-4189; Jia, Jiangyong/0000-0002-5725-3397;A search for cascade decays of charged sleptons and sneutrinos using final states characterized by three leptons (electrons or muons) and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is based on a dataset with 140 fb(-1) of proton-proton (pp) collisions at a center-of-mass energy of root s = 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. This paper focuses on a supersymmetric scenario that is motivated by the muon anomalous magnetic moment observation, dark-mattter relic density abundance, and electroweak naturalness. A mass spectrum involving light Higgsinos and heavier sleptons with a bino at intermediate mass is targeted. No significant deviation from the Standard Model expectation is observed. This search enables us to place stringent constraints on this model, excluding at the 95% confidence level charged slepton and sneutrino masses up to 450 GeV when assuming a lightest neutralino mass of 100 GeV and mass-degenerate selectrons, smuons and sneutrinos.CERN; NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden); KIT/GridKA (Germany); INFN-CNAF (Italy); NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain); BNL (USA) [157]; ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW; FWF, Austria; ANAS; CNPq; FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC; CFI, Canada; NSFC, China; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF; DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS; CEADRF/IRFU, France; BMBF; MPG, Germany; RGC and Hong Kong SAR, China; ICHEP; Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT; JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MSSR, Slovakia; Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSTC, Taipei; STFC/UKRI, United Kingdom; DOE; NSF; BCKDF; CANARIE; CRC; DRAC, Canada; FORTE [CZ.02.01.01/00/22_008/0004632]; PRIMUS, Czech Republic; ERC [101116429]; ERDF; Marie SklodowskaCurie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex, Investissements d'Avenir Idex; ANR, France; DFG; AvH Foundation, Germany - EU-ESF; Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF; NCN; La Caixa Banking Foundation; CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya; PROMETEO; Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Goran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden; Royal Society [NIF-R1-231091]; Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; Armenia: Yerevan Physics Institute (FAPERJ); CERN: European Organization for Nuclear Research; Chile: Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (FONDECYT) [1230812]; FONDECYT [1240864]; China: Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology [MOST-2023YFA1605700, MOST2023YFA1609300]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC-12175119, NSFC-12275265]; Czech Republic: Czech Science Foundation [GACR-24-11373S]; Ministry of Education Youth and Sports [ERC-CZ-LL2327]; PRIMUS Research Programme [PRIMUS/21/SCI/017]; EU [ERC-101002463]; European Union: European Research Council [ERC-948254, ERC-101089007]; European Regional Development Fund (SMASH COFUND) [101081355]; European Union [FAIR-NextGenerationEU PE00000013, EuroHPC-EHPC-DEV-2024D11-051]; France: Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-21-CE31-0013, ANR-21-CE31-0022, ANR-22-EDIR-0002]; Germany: BadenWurttemberg Stiftung; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [DFG-469666862, DFG-CR 312/5-2]; China: Research Grants Council (GRF); Ministero dell'Universit`a e della Ricerca [NextGenEU I53D23000820006 M4C2.1.1]; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS KAKENHI) [JP22H01227, JP22H04944, JP22KK0227]; JSPS KAKENHI [JP23KK0245, RCN-314472, 9722]; Polish National Science Centre (NCN) [2021/42/E/ST2/00350]; NCN OPUS [2022/47/B/ST2/03059, NCN UMO-2019/34/E/ST2/00393, UMO-2020/37/B/ST2/01043, UMO-2022/47/O/ST2/00148, UMO-2023/49/B/ST2/04085, UMO-2023/51/B/ST2/00920, UMO-2024/53/N/ST2/00869]; Spain: Generalitat Valenciana; FEDER [PID2021-125273NB, RYC2019-028510-I, RYC2021-031273-I, RYC2022-038164-I]; Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIN) [NextGenEU PCI2022-135018-2]; MICIN; Carl Trygger Foundation; Swedish Research Council (Swedish Research Council) [2023-04654, VR 202103651, VR 2022-03845, VR 2022-04683, VR 202303403, VR 2024-05451]; Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation [KAW 2018.0458, KAW 2022.0358, SNSF-PCEFP2_194658]; United Kingdom: Leverhulme Trust (Leverhulme Trust) [RPG-2020-004]; Neubauer Family FoundationWe thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC and its injectors, as well as the support staff at CERN and at our institutions worldwide without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN, the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF/SFU (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), RAL (United Kingdom) and BNL (USA), the Tier-2 facilities worldwide and large non-WLCG resource providers. Major contributors of computing resources are listed in Ref. [157]. We gratefully acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; ANID, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; Minciencias, Colombia; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS and CEADRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF and MPG, Germany; GSRI, Greece; RGC and Hong Kong SAR, China; ICHEP and Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MSTDI, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARIS and MVZI, Slovenia; DSI/NRF, South Africa; MICIU/AEI, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSTC, Taipei; TENMAK, Turkiye; STFC/UKRI, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, USA. Individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, CRC and DRAC, Canada; CERN-CZ, FORTE and PRIMUS, Czech Republic; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020, ICSC-NextGenerationEU and Marie SklodowskaCurie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex, Investissements d'Avenir Idex and ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and MINERVA, Israel; NCN and NAWA, Poland; La Caixa Banking Foundation, CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya and PROMETEO and GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Goran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom. In addition, individual members wish to acknowledge support from Armenia: Yerevan Physics Institute (FAPERJ); CERN: European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN DOCT); Chile: Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (FONDECYT 1230812, FONDECYT 1230987, and FONDECYT 1240864); China: Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST-2023YFA1605700 and MOST2023YFA1609300), National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC-12175119 and NSFC-12275265); Czech Republic: Czech Science Foundation (GACR-24-11373S), Ministry of Education Youth and Sports (ERC-CZ-LL2327 and FORTE CZ.02.01. 01/00/22_008/0004632), PRIMUS Research Programme (PRIMUS/21/SCI/017); EU: H2020 European Research Council (ERC-101002463); European Union: European Research Council (ERC-948254, ERC-101089007, ERC, BARD, and 101116429), European Regional Development Fund (SMASH COFUND 101081355 and SLO ERDF), Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (MUCCA-CHIST-ERA-19-XAI-00), European Union, Future Artificial Intelligence Research (FAIR-NextGenerationEU PE00000013), Horizon 2020 (EuroHPC-EHPC-DEV-2024D11-051), Italian Center for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing (ICSC, NextGenerationEU); France: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-21-CE31-0013, ANR-21-CE31-0022, and ANR-22-EDIR-0002); Germany: BadenWurttemberg Stiftung (BW Stiftung-Postdoc Eliteprogramme), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG-469666862 and DFG-CR 312/5-2); China: Research Grants Council (GRF); Italy: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (ICSC, NextGenerationEU), Ministero dell'Universit`a e della Ricerca (NextGenEU I53D23000820006 M4C2.1.1); Japan: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS KAKENHI JP22H01227, JSPS KAKENHI JP22H04944, JSPS KAKENHI JP22KK0227, and JSPS KAKENHI JP23KK0245); Norway: Research Council of Norway (RCN-314472); Poland: Ministry of Science and Higher Education (IDUB AGH, POB8, D4 No. 9722), Polish National Science Centre (NCN 2021/42/E/ST2/00350, NCN OPUS 2023/51/B/ST2/02507, NCN OPUS nr 2022/47/B/ST2/03059, NCN UMO-2019/34/E/ST2/00393, UMO-2020/37/B/ST2/01043, UMO-2022/47/O/ST2/00148, UMO-2023/49/B/ST2/04085, UMO-2023/51/B/ST2/00920, and UMO-2024/53/N/ST2/00869); Portugal: Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT); Spain: Generalitat Valenciana (Artemisa, FEDER, IDIFEDER/2018/048), Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIN and NextGenEU PCI2022-135018-2, MICIN and FEDER PID2021-125273NB, RYC2019-028510-I, RYC2020030254-I, RYC2021-031273-I, and RYC2022-038164-I); Sweden: Carl Trygger Foundation (Carl Trygger Foundation CTS 22:2312), Swedish Research Council (Swedish Research Council 2023-04654, VR 202103651, VR 2022-03845, VR 2022-04683, VR 202303403, and VR 2024-05451), Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW 2018.0458, KAW 2022.0358, and KAW 2023.0366); Switzerland: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF-PCEFP2_194658); United Kingdom: Leverhulme Trust (Leverhulme Trust RPG-2020-004), Royal Society (NIF-R1-231091); USA: U.S. Department of Energy (ECA DE-AC02-76SF00515), Neubauer Family Foundation