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A Detailed Map of Higgs Boson Interactions by the Atlas Experiment Ten Years After the Discovery
No full textThe standard model of particle physics1–4 describes the known fundamental particles and forces that make up our Universe, with the exception of gravity. One of the central features of the standard model is a field that permeates all of space and interacts with fundamental particles5–9. The quantum excitation of this field, known as the Higgs field, manifests itself as the Higgs boson, the only fundamental particle with no spin. In 2012, a particle with properties consistent with the Higgs boson of the standard model was observed by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN10,11. Since then, more than 30 times as many Higgs bosons have been recorded by the ATLAS experiment, enabling much more precise measurements and new tests of the theory. Here, on the basis of this larger dataset, we combine an unprecedented number of production and decay processes of the Higgs boson to scrutinize its interactions with elementary particles. Interactions with gluons, photons, and W and Z bosons—the carriers of the strong, electromagnetic and weak forces—are studied in detail. Interactions with three third-generation matter particles (bottom (b) and top (t) quarks, and tau leptons (τ)) are well measured and indications of interactions with a second-generation particle (muons, μ) are emerging. These tests reveal that the Higgs boson discovered ten years ago is remarkably consistent with the predictions of the theory and provide stringent constraints on many models of new phenomena beyond the standard model. © 2022, The Author(s)
Eritrosit Membran Bozukluklarının Ftır Spektroskopisi İle Araştırılması: Eritrosit, Lökosit ve Plazma Örnekleriyle Ön Çalışmalar
No full textGiriş ve Amaç: Eritrosit membran bozuklukarı farklılaşmış alyuvar morfolojisi ile sınıflandırılır ve herediter sferositoz (HS), herediter eliptositoz (HE) ve ilişkili hastalıkları içerir. Bu hastalıkların tanısı için çeşitli testler kullanılmakla birlikte bunlardan hiç biri tek başına tüm vakaları tanımlamak için yeterli değildir ve bazı durumlarda birden fazla teste ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, eritrosit, lökosit ve plazma örneklerinde eritrosit membran bozukluğu sonucunda oluşabilecek moleküler seviyedeki farklılıkların Fourier-dönşümlü kızılötesi spektroskopisi (FTIR) tekniği ile araştırılmasıdır. Materyal ve Yöntem: Kontrol ve eritrosit membran bozukluğuna sahip kişilerden alınan plazma, lökosit ve eritrosit örnekleri ölçümler için liyofilize edilmiştir. Orta kızılötesi bölgede FTIR spektrumları elde edilmiştir ve parmak izi bölgesi analizlerde kullanılmıştır. Bulgular ve Sonuç: Elde edilen spektrumlardaki bulunan piklerin dalgasayıları ve alanları belirlenmiş, farklılıklar student t-testi ile analiz edilmiş ayrıca çok değişkenli analiz yöntemleri olarak da temel bileşen analizi (TBA) ve hiyerarşik kümeleme analizi (HKA) kullanılmıştır. Kontrol ve hasta örnekleri arasındaki en belirgin farklılıklar plazma örneklerinde görülmüştür. Bu örneklerde gruplar arasında kolesterol ester ve yağ asidi pikleri istatistiki olarak anlamlı farklılıklar göstermiştir. Ayrıca hasta ve kontrol plazma örnekleri TBA ile birbirinden ayrılmıştır. Bu çalışma ile eritrosit membran bozukluğuna (HS ve HE) sahip hastaların kan bileşenleri FTIR yöntemi ile ilk defa çalışılmıştır ve tekniğin hastalıkla ilgili moleküler değişimleri belirlemede faydalı olabileceği gösterilmiştir. Ayrıca bu çalışma ile hastalarda sadece eritrositlerin dışında plazma gibi örneklerin hastalığın tanısında potansiyeli olduğu görülmüştür. Bu ön çalışmanın ardından daha fazla örnek sayısı ile yapılacak araştırmalar yöntemin kullanılabilirliğini ortaya koyacaktır ve hastalıkların mekanizmasına dair veri sağlayacaktır. Anahtar kelimeler: Herediter sferositoz, herediter eliptositoz, FTIR spektroskopisi, biyompleküller, temel bileşenler analizi kullanıldı. TraPomDex tedavisine çok iyi yanıt veren hastada ishal, enfeksiyon ve pansitopeni en belirgin yan etkiler olarak görüldü. Hastanın biyokimyasal yanıtı geçici ÇİKY’tı, enfeksiyona bağlı tedaviye ara verildiği sırada yanıtını kaybetti. TraPomDex tedavisi başlandıktan dört ay sonra hasta kaybedildi. Hasta-20’de vemurafenib tedavisi ile en iyi ÇİKY elde edildi ancak tedavinin 6. ayında EMH ile nüks gelişti. Tartışma: Bizim deneyimimiz beklenen yaşam süresinin 3 ayın altında olduğu monoklonal antikorlar dahil tüm seçenekleri tüketmiş olan hastalarda sürekli yanıt sağlanamasa da bir yıla uzayabilen yaşam süresi son derece umut verici görünmektedir. Tüm hastalarımızın takiplerinde tedavi direnci gelişmiş olması, tek mutant hedefin tek ilaçla hedeflenmesinin klonal evrimi engellenemeyeceğini göstermektedir. En son Vemurafenib kullanılan hastamızda da bu gözlenmiştir. Ancak Elnaggar ve ark.’nın da bunu fark ederek çok sayıda anti-BRAF tedaviyi başarıyla uygulaması gelecek için ümid vaad etmektedir
Theranostic Potential of Graphene Quantum Dots for Multiple Sclerosis
No full textNanomedicine offers great promise to solve healthcare problems using nanotechnology. Theranostics provide imaging/diagnosis and therapy simultaneously. Novel agents that target both the neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration component of multiple sclerosis (MS) are required. Progress has been achieved in developing smart, surface decorated nanoparticles that effectively transport the therapeutic drug into the central nervous system (CNS). Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) can be traced in vivo by fluorescence imaging due to their unique optical properties. They can also traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and deliver drugs into the CNS. Moreover, GQDs have low cytotoxicity and higher biocompatibility. Therefore, GQDs can be utilized to design novel multifunctional nanocarrier theranostic tools for MS
Medeni Hukuka Giriş ve Başlangıç Hükümleri Pratik Çalışmalı Konu Anlatımı
No full text1. baskı[No Abstract Available
Stakeholder Perspectives on the Use of English-Medium Instruction (emi) in Turkish Universities
No full textToday internalization of education has resulted in an almost exclusive dominance of the use of English as a medium of instruction (EMI) in many tertiary educational institutions across the globe. EMI is defined as using English in the teaching of academic subjects in contexts where the mother tongue is not English. A growing body of research exits on the debate regarding the need for EMI. While some studies establish the benefits, some others reveal the threats it constitutes. These inconclusive results call for more in-depth research on the subject, especially in terms of exploring immediate stakeholder perspectives. This survey study was conducted with students, content professors (CPs) and English language instructors (ELIs) of 25 EMI universities in Turkey, and data were collected from 349 participants exploring their perceptions regarding the use of EMI in tertiary education. The study also investigated whether student perceptions change according to their demographic variables including but not limited to gender and disciplines studied. In a similar fashion whether the perceptions of professors and language instructors are shaped by their demographic variables, was also investigated. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while the qualitative data were analyzed via content analysis. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Search for Single Production of a Vectorlike T Quark Decaying Into a Higgs Boson and Top Quark With Fully Hadronic Final States Using the Atlas Detector
No full textA search is made for a vectorlike T quark decaying into a Higgs boson and a top quark in 13 TeV protonproton collisions using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider with a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb???1. The Higgs-boson and top-quark candidates are identified in the all-hadronic decay mode, where H - bb ?? and t - bW - bqq??0 are reconstructed as large-radius jets. The candidate Higgs boson, top quark, and associated B hadrons are identified using tagging algorithms. No significant excess is observed above the background, so limits are set on the production cross section of a singlet T quark at 95% confidence level, depending on the mass mT and coupling ??T of the vectorlike T quark to Standard Model particles. In the considered mass range between 1.0 and 2.3 TeV, the upper limit on the allowed coupling values increases with mT from a minimum value of 0.35 for 1.07 mT 1.4 TeV to 1.6 for mT 1/4 2.3 TeV.ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW, Austria; FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq, Brazil; FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, Canada; NRC, Canada; CFI, Canada; CERN; ANID, Chile; CAS, China; MOST, Canada; NSFC, Canada; Minciencias, Colombia; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, Denmark; DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, France; CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, Germany; HGF, Germany; MPG, Germany; GSRI, Greece; RGC, China; Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, Israel; Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT, Japan; JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MEiN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; JINR; MES of Russia, Russian Federation; NRC KI, Russian Federation; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS, Slovenia; MIZS, Slovenia; DSI/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC, Sweden; Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, Switzerland; SNSF, Switzerland; Canton of Bern, Switzerland; Canton of Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE, U.S.; NSF, U.S.; BCKDF, Canada; CANARIE, Canada; Compute Canada, Canada; CRC, Canada; COST, European Union; ERC, European Union; ERDF, European Union; Horizon 2020, European Union; Marie SklodowskaCurie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex, France; Investissements d'Avenir Idex, France; ANR, France; DFG, Germany; AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos program; Thales program; Aristeia program; EU-ESF; Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF, Israel; GIF, Israel; Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2014-2021, Norway; NCN, Poland; NAWA, Poland; La Caixa Banking Foundation, Spain; CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain; PROMETEO Programme Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; GenT Programme Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Goran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden; Royal Society, United Kingdom; Leverhulme Trust, United KingdomWe thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; ANID, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; Minciencias, Colombia; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS and CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF and MPG, Germany; GSRI, Greece; RGC and Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MEiN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; JINR; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DSI/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, U.S. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, Compute Canada and CRC, Canada; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020 and Marie SklodowskaCurie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex, Investissements d'Avenir Idex and ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programs cofinanced by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and GIF, Israel; Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2014-2021, Norway; NCN and NAWA, Poland; La Caixa Banking Foundation, CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya and PROMETEO and GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Goran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom. The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN, the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), ASGC (Taiwan), RAL (UK) and BNL (U.S.), the Tier-2 facilities worldwide and large non-WLCG resource providers. Major contributors of computing resources are listed in Ref. [140]